Chris'+World

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Hi Chris,
Remember how I asked you to, whenever possible, put your work directly on the wiki, instead of as an attachment? Takes me longer to open up and look at it. Assignment titles as well as dates would also help with the organization of this page.

DUE 5/16
TWINS I am absolutely surprised and astounded to hear the fact that Germans actually collected the twins and construct the experiments for them. I cannot even imagine the cruelty and harshness of these experiments. After hearing the brief explanation of the twin survivors, I can learn that Germans' actions were very inhumane and painful. I feel strong hatred toward their cruel actions.

BROTHERS As soon as I watched this video, I asked several questions to myself. How can the Germans shoot the one of the family members in front of other member? How can the Germans beat up the young kids who do not know what is going on? The separation and execution of family would be one of the most cruel torture in the entire life, and the beating the child would be one of the worst experience to himself and herself. I am unbelievable of Germans' actions.

MORDECAI ELDAR This video helped me to learn about the conditions of the concentration camp. As Mordecai Eldar explained, the people in the concentration camp did not look like they were alive. Also, the escorts just pushed some guys into abyss without any big reason! How can the humans do these "inhumane" actions to one of their kind? Later, I was surprised to hear that Mordecai Eldar decided to join army in order to make his country stronger. I can learn that he is patriotic.

ZANN FARBSTEIN I exploded with my anger after watching this video. The most astounding fact that I learned from this video is that Germans actually put the little children into the pits and were burned. How can the Germans do these actions to other humans? It was not a "moral" thing to do in the entire life! I was just surprised and could not talk for a moment.

YAAKOV HOLLANDER According to this video, the concentration camp escorts were holding their guns, shooting people like an animal. In addition, they worked like slaves or perhaps harsher than slaves. Germans' actions are not just astonishing, I have nothing to talk about their inhumane actions toward other people in the camp!

SOPHIE ENGELSMAN During the war, the separation and the death of the family member was the most common situation for many people. However, as I mentioned, this loss can be the most critical and cruel torture in the entire life. I began to wish that this holocaust will never happen to me, and I strongly wish it again and again.

EVA BROWN How will it feel when you lose your own identity and become a "thing" with numbers written on your chest? I think that this loss of identity can be one of the most shameful and cruel actions to human. I cannot believe that Germans treated Jews and other prisoners like subjects and "things." It is just unbelievable to me.

10/10

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DUE 5/10
A1) Battle of El Alamein - General Bernard Montgomery and his British soldiers fought against Erwin Rommel's army in El Alamein. Montgomery decided to make massive frontal attack, and in November 4, 1942, Rommel's army finally retreated west.

A2) Operation Torch -As Rommel retreated west, on November 8, an Allied force of more than 100,000 troops landed in Morocco and Algeria. American general Dwight Eisenhower led this forces, and finally, Rommel's Afrika Korps was crushed in May 1943.

A3) Battle of Stalingrad -The Battle of Stalingrad began on August 23, 1942. After the Germans controlled 90 percent of the ruined city, Soviet troops outside the city launched a counterattack against them. The supplies were cut off and bitter winter was approaching. Finally, on February 2, 1943, some 90,000 frostbitten German troops surrendered, and Soviet Union started to push Germans to westward.

A4) Invasion of Italy -Due to the decision of Roosevelt and Churchill, Allied forces landed on Sicily and captured it from Italian on July 10, 1943. Later, Italy surrendered, and Mussolini was shot and hung in the downtown Milan. This event led to the downfall of Italy and negatively impacted Hitler.

A5) Propaganda campaigns on home fronts -Propagandas gained the support from the home front. They encouraged citizens to volunteer for working and conserving money. This positively impacted Allies and helped them significantly.

A6) D-Day invasion -On June 6, 1944, at the dawn, Allies forces under the command of General Eisenhower, launched an attack to the beach in Normandy. Even though America lost many troops, huge amount of soldiers was able to destroy the German forces. Later, Allied forces were able to reconquer France, Belgium, and Luxembourg.

A7) Battle of the Bulge -On December 16, German tanks attacked weak American defenses along a 75-mile front in the Ardennes. However, the Allies eventually pushed German forces back and they had to retreat. This loss was the sign of Hitler's downfall.

// How is the same history conveyed so differently in these two videos? Which do you think is more "true": the Hollywood dramatization or the documentary? //

Even though both videos talk about the battle of D-Day invasion, they are very distinct and different from each other. To begin with, the first video is Hollywood movie, and it is very exciting and emotional so that it can attract the people. In the first video, the war is portrayed as the view of the soldiers, so the war seems to be very realistic and "true." Also, the video shows the real feelings of the soldiers during the battle. On the other hand, the second video is more like a documentary which shows the primary sources during the war. Since the documentary uses the believable source, we can easily trust this video. However, the documentary does not show the perspectives of the soldiers and the real situations during the war period. In addition, the second video just contain the outline of the battle. Thus, the viewers are very hard to know what actually happened in the front. Therefore, from my perspective, the first video is more "true" than the other video. Even though there can be a lot of exaggerations, I believe that the movie depicted the war very well by using the views of the soldiers.

DUE 5/9
1） Give your opinion on the fairness or unfairness of Japanese internment.

From my perspective, after considering some major and minor exasperations from Japanese, Japanese internment was fair and just. To begin with, when Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor without any warnings and destroyed many military forces, Americans became really angry and started to feel strong hatred toward Japanese. In addition, Americans felt suspicion about Japanese spies and became cautious about the surprise attack. Thus, even though not all Japanese-Americans were spies, U.S.A decided to put most of Japanese-Americans into the internment camp in order to prevent some spies from reporting to their mother country. This action might look like over-reaction of Americans, because some Japanese-Americans even fought for America during the World War I, but it was safe and fastest action to prevent the second surprise attack. Besides, the internment camp had different concept from the concentration camp of Jews, because the camp contained barracks for individual families and Japanese-Americans were able to cook and did not have to work hardly as Jews in the concentration camp. Thus, the lives in the internment camp was not so painful. By looking at these factors, I think it was fair for Americans to put Japanese-Americans into the internment camp.


 * 1) Wartime propaganda [|cartoon by Walt Disney] . As you watch, record your answers to the following...


 * What wartime images do you recognize from your study of the war?

By looking at the ammunitions and military forces, I can easily notice that this video takes place in Germany, during the World War II. In this video, the Donald Duck, the main character, is a German labor under the power of Nazi Party. He is constantly demanded by the unveiled figure which symbolizes the higher power in the party. In addition, the picture of Adolf Hitler comes out very often and brainwashes and reminds the main character to obey the Hitler. I can also notice the face of Adolf Hitler, Mussolini, and the leader of Japan who are the allies with each other. During the video, Mein Kampf and swastika are constantly coming out. This helps me to notice that the Donald Duck is working for Nazi.


 * What are some of the messages of this cartoon?

Near the end of the video, we can notice that Donald Duck was in fact American and was dreaming about him working under the Nazi Party. For the main character, it was a nightmare because he had very hard time making an ammunitions in the factory. This video can convey the message that Nazism is very bad, cruel, and merciless.


 * Why do you think companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war?

These kinds of videos can be viewed as a propaganda during the war. By producing these cartoons during the war period, some cartoon companies such as Disney and Warner Brothers were able to warn their citizens about the dangerous ideas of Nazism. And, watching video can easily affect people significantly. Thus, video was one of the most powerful propaganda in this period.

2. Political Cartoon for the home front


 * What is in the cartoon? Explain the symbolism you see.

I can see many symbols in this cartoon. To explain, it seems that women is making Christmas packages for 1944, but in fact, she is making an ammunitions in order to prepare for the war. Uncle Sam is located in the box named "U.S.A Salvage Program" which indicates that America is preparing for the war. In addition, the man is putting the missile into the box, and the missile says that “pass on to Adolf,” signifying that it will be launched to Germany. Overall, I can learn that this picture is signifying that America is preparing for the war and supports the Allies in the war.


 * What is the intended message of the cartoon?

By looking at this cartoon, I can notice that America is joining the war without any warnings and signs. Americans who are preparing for the war are so calm and neutral about making the ammunitions, indicating that America is kind of relaxed about joining the war. I think that the author is trying to make satire toward the entry of America in World War II.


 * 1) Life on the Home front in Britain exploration... Go to [|this site] and click on each topic area to learn about life in Britain during the war. For each of the following topics, write down 3 significant pieces of information. You may do this on your gallery page, or as a hard copy.


 * **Children at war**


 * 1) Over 3,500,000 children, women, and old people were evacuated to safe places to escape the German bombing raid.
 * 2) Many children were excited and happy because they thought that they were going to the vacation during holiday.
 * 3) During the evacuation, most of the children became orphans and missing due to the deaths of their parents and unorganized evacuation.


 * **Rationing**


 * 1) Each person could have each week


 * 8p worth of meat,
 * 3 pints of milk,
 * 8 ounces of sugar,
 * 4 ounces of butter or fat,
 * 4 ounces of bacon,
 * 2 ounces of tea,
 * 1 ounce of cheese
 * 1 egg.

2.Foods such as rice and jam were rationed by points.

3.Individual family had to register with a shop or store where the food would be bought.(became the only place where they could shop)


 * **Women at war**


 * 1) By 1943, there were 77,000 women working in the Land Army.

**2)** Due to the shortage of workers in the factories, the government decided to stop recruiting women into the Armed Forces.

**3)** Some women were able to join a variety forces and services such as Women’s Voluntary Service, Air Raid Wardens, and Auxiliary Territorial Service.


 * **Messages of war**


 * 1) Since it was during the war, hundreds and thousands of propaganda posters were published.

2.Children living in the cities were able to see the propaganda posters very often.

**3)** There are many propaganda posters that encourage women to be brave and strong during the war. ex) women showing her muscle

Misinterprets homefront (Christmas) cartoon. 9/10

Remember how I told you to name your files something unique??
10/10

Due 5/3
PODCAST NOTES TAKEN

// 1) What was Operation Sea Lion? // Operation Sea Lion was Hitler's military maneuver of invading Great Britain during the World War II.

// 2) Why did the battle not look good for Britain? // During that time period, Germany possessed a lot of airplanes and equipments, and their military forces definitely overwhelmed British military forces.

// 3) What advantage did Britain have? // British soldiers and citizens never gave up, and British RAF had developed the radar which could detect the enemy's airplanes invading their country through the English Channel.

// 4) What was Germany's mistake? // The German Air Force attacking London was devastating mistake by Germany, because after the bombing, RAF was fiercely angry and attacked Berlin which had huge negative impact on Germany.

// 5) What was the impact of the bombing of London? How did the bombing of London aid Britain's cause? // The bombing of London caused many damages and destruction in London. However, through this case, many British were able to congregate their spirit and fight against Germany, refusing to give up.

// 6) Why was the outcome of the battle of Britain significant for the Allies? // Unlike Hitler's expectation, the Great Britain did not give up so easily and they fought against strong German armies. The strong spirit of the Great Britain actually provided hope to other allied countries that they can actually defeat German forces.

// Why were the British able to hold off the German invasion when they were militarily weaker? // There are several factors that helped British to hold off the German invasion when they were militarily weaker. To explain, the Great Britain invented the radar which helped RAF to fight against sudden attack of German Air Force. Thus, German airplanes could not attack and destroy RAF easily. Other component is that unlike Hitler's expectation, the Great Britain citizens did not give up so easily. After hearing Winston Churchill's speech of saying "never give up" to the citizens, everyone was able to stay strong. In addition, the British king family did not run away from the war and stayed in Britain which also gave hope to a lot of people. Overall, these two major factors actually helped the Great Britain to hold off the German invasion.

Yes, but where ARE the podcast notes? 8/10

Homework Due 5/1



10/10

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10/10

Oral Quiz 4 media type="youtube" key="Ejq0geuC_K8" height="315" width="560"

I like that you have talked about how Fascism would look in KOREA -- what would be unique about it. It does sound like you would LIKE it if there was a "good" Fascist dictator in Korea? 9.8/10

Oral Quiz 3 media type="youtube" key="0C_-wYSNgJ4" height="315" width="560"

Remember that the "b" in "debt" is silent. I'd also like you to be careful with grammar eg. "every country" is a singular subject, so you can't use a plural verb. ie. "Every country WAS poor" rather than "Every country WERE poor". I'm not sure you are clear the the US stock market crash did not CAUSE the global depression. 9.5/10


 * __//April 17//__**


 * __//Station 1//__**

ORGANIZER


 * __//Station 2//__**


 * International Herold Tribune**


 * Title:** The Great Depression: Starvation and Harsh Life


 * Thesis:** After the Black Tuesday, millions of workers and employees suddenly lost their salary and job, and they are scared about starving and not feeding their family.


 * Topic Sentence 1:**After the shocking event in 1929, many Americans immediately lost their jobs and began to suffer from the starvation.


 * Topic Sentence 2:** Thousands of people are continuously vying for job in order to save and feed their family from the starvation.


 * Topic Sentence 3:** Jobs are not created when more and more people are vying for job, and this situation leads to the continuation of the Great Depression.


 * New York Times**


 * Title:** Decline of American Stock Market: Negative Impact on the Entire World


 * Thesis**: After thirty billions of dollar "vanished into the thin air," many people lost their money immediately, and the declination of American economy leads to global depression.


 * Topic Sentence 1:** Before the Depression, America was one of the strongest nations that had significant effects on global market.


 * Topic Sentence 2:** In 1929, the declination of American stock market led to starvation and harsh lives of people, and America is suffering from the Great Depression.


 * Topic** **Sentence 3:** Sudden collapse of American economy will have significant and negative impacts on global market, which will lead to "global depression."

notes taken
 * __//Station 3//__**

Well done. 10/10

ORAL QUIZ

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Very well done, Chris. Makes me wish you contributed more in class because you've got good things to contribute! Small point: "flourish" is not a transitive verb, so you can't "flourish" something. 10/10

//__**APRIL 10**__//

//__**Station 1**__// __1. How did the Treaty of Versailles add to China's problem?__ From 1912 to 1916, China had major power struggles and internal war. Many Chinese suffered from famine and brutal attacks. During the World War I, China's leaders wanted to gain support of the Allies by declaring war to Germany. Thus, after the war, China hoped to gain freedom through the Treaty of Versailles. However, Allied Powers just decided to change the master from Germany to Japan. China, finally, was controlled by Japan, and they invaded part of China called Manchuria. However, not only Manchuria, Japan began to invade other parts of China. China could not handle these invasion problems, since there were struggles between powerful rulers. Thus, overall, it is easily noticable that Treaty of Versailles negatively impacted China.

CHRIS TEXTBOOK CHAPTER 3: Emergence of Japan as a Powerful Nation
 * __//Station 2//__**

From 1600s to the mid-1800s, Japan was isolated from other foreign countries. They had relationships with Japan and Korea only, and they had limited interactions with certain countries such as Germany. In 1853, American cannon steamships entered Japan, and Japan had to open up the trade to United States. Soon, they made similar relationships with some European countries. However, many Japanese were upset, and finally overthrew the shogun. After, the Emperor Mutsuhito got the control and started Meiji era. During he reign, the emperor wanted to modernize Japan, and Japan began to shape into "civilized" country by using ideas from Europeans and Americans. Japan's industrial economy, education, and other social systems developed rapidly and had strongest army in Asia.
 * chart: (showing rank of Japanese army size in 1890)**

Now, strong Japan wanted to show their power to other nations, so when China decided to send armies into Korea, Japan attacked China. Japan finally overthrew China out of Korea and gained Taiwan. In 1904, Japan declared war on Russia due to the conflict over Manchurian territory. In Battle of Tsuhima in 1905, Japan defeated Russia by using their strong navy. This event astonished other foreign nations.
 * picture: (Russo Japanese War by Japanese painter)**

After gaining victory, Japan began to expand its influence and desired to become like European nations. Thus, confident Japan attacked Korea again in early 1900s. They gained complete control and proved to be "harsh rulers." To explain, Japanese shut down Korean newspapers and changed schools so that Korean students will learn Japanese only. Also, they built factories and started to abuse power. After, innocent Korean started the nationalist movement against Japan. **picture: (Korean school students learning Japanese)**

Japan continued to expand its power by gaining territories in East Asia. Also, China "mobilized their labor" using Koreans and Chinese workers to work in factories and mines in Manchuria, northern Korean and Japan**.** "About 4,000,000 Koreans and Chinese were displaced from their homes" and were sent to these factories. **picture: (Korean workers who worked in Manchuria)**

__//**Station 3**//__ __Was Mao a better or worse national leader than Stalin? Answer on your gallery page.__

It is very hard to decide whether Mao was a better or worse national leader than Stalin, since there are different views. However, it is harder to decide because Mao and Stalin had very many similarities and visions. In addition, Stalin believed that Mao had similar goals and traits like him, so Stalin supported Mao in many ways. And, Mao, also, preferred Stalin's ideas and visions. However, if I had to decide this question, I believe that Mao was a worse national leader than Stalin. To explain, just like Stalin's actions, Mao killed anyone who opposed to his government and millions of Chinese suffered during his reign. In Great Leapt Forward, about 38 million of Chinese died from starvation. However, the factor that helped me to choose Mao as a worse national leader than Stalin is that Mao knew that half of Chinese had to die in order to build strong country. Even though many people starved, he exported the food to Russia, and he even ordered his men to educate peasants to eat less.Unlike Mao, even Stalin contributed the lands to peasants. As time passes, the rebellion, finally happened, but Mao killed everyone who contributed to rebellion. Mao turned out to be typical tyrant using the massive violence, and it is difficult to say he was a "national" leader. From my perspective, Stalin and Mao are very similar, so it is very hard to say that one is worse than other. However, by looking at some factors, I concluded that Mao was worse national leader than Stalin

Very well done. 10/10

//__**April 10**__// media type="youtube" key="55pXJeVYLb4" height="315" width="560"

Good first effort! 10/10

//__**April 10**__// //__**Station 1**__// __Read the "Chapter in Brief" section on the Russian Revolution and then explain, on your gallery page, why Russia had a revolution in 1917.__ There are a variety of factors that led to Russian Revolution. When Czar Nicholas was in reign, he wanted to develop the industry rapidly. However, the sudden industrial growth caused poor working conditions, low wages, and harsh child labor. These outcomes forced the workers to protest and go on strike. However, not only the negative outcomes of industrial growth led to the revolution, but also defeats in two wars hugely impacted Czar Nicholas' reign negatively. In short, in 1905, Russia was defeated by Japan and lost many resources and soldiers. In addition, during World War I, Russia had four million soldiers killed, wounded, or captured. Thus, the protests of citizens finally forced Czar to step down. Later, Alexander Kerensky became a ruler, and he hoped to keep Russia in the war. Yet, soldiers did not want to fight anymore, and Kerensky failed to make a better life for citizens. In November 17, Lenin and his forces took control of government offices, and Kerensky reign ended. After, Vladimir Lenin obtained the power and started the revolution. He gave lands to peasants in order to gain support, and he ended the war. However, Allies and the forces who opposed to Lenin's revolution fought against Lenin's Red Army, but they were defeated and 15 million Russians died during this conflict. After the Civil War, Lenin formed the new nation called the Soviet Union, and constructed the Communist Party. __//**Station 2**//__media type="file" key="World History Chris Kang.mp3" width="240" height="20"

**//__Station 3__//****I chose the second propaganda in the website.** __What is the message that this poster is trying to get out to the Russian people?__This propaganda is trying to attract Russian people to support Lenin's Red Army. In brief, Lenin's army is portrayed as very strong, dependable, and prepared soldiers. On the other hand, the forces that oppose Lenin's revolution are depicted as animation character, indicating that they are very weak and useless.

__Do you find this piece of propaganda to be compelling? Why or why not?__This piece of propaganda is very compelling. Lenin's army is colored with red that symbolizes the passion and strength which makes me to think that they are very strong. Also, the soldiers are very tall and muscular, signifying that it is safe to support Lenin. On the other hand, the opposing forces are very hilarious looking which prevents me from supporting them. Thus, I naturally want to believe that Lenin's army is strong, so this piece of propaganda is very attracting.

//__**April 6**__// //__**One Question**__// Treaty of Versailles was held in France in order to make significant decision, improvements, and come up with punishments after the war. Germany, other Central Powers, and Russia did not join this conference. To explain, Treaty of Versailles reflected many difference personalities and agendas of various leaders. In short, France wanted to obtain many advantages from Germany, since they lost huge amount of resources, lands, and soldiers. In addition, they wanted to eliminate the chance of Germany re-making the army in order to attack them, indicating that France is actually scared that Germany will attack again. Great Britain agreed to that idea of preventing Germany from joining or causing the war again. Moreover, Japan and other countries also wanted to take away something from Germany. On the other hand, American President Woodrow Wilson's idea was distinct from others' because America did not want anything and preferred to make adjustments by using his peace proposals. America, also, didn't want other countries to humiliate Germany over the limit. After, some of Wilson's ideas were accepted and led to the creation of League of Nations. In short, most of the Allied Powers and other countries wanted to take away things from Germany in order to repair and get compensation. On the other hand, America wanted to stay out of European problem, asserted the peace treaty, and prevented other countries from acting so harsh on Germany.
 * How did the Treaty of Versailles reflect the different personalities and agendas of the men in power at the end of World War I?**

//__**COMPARING MAPS**__// FIRST COMPARISON Two pictures show the European alliances in 1914. First image exhibits the division of powers among many European nations. Specifically, there are Central Powers, Allied Powers, and Neutral Powers. Second image is a cartoon that also shows the European countries that are divided into three powers. First picture is just a normal map, on the other hand, in the second image, the countries are depicted as an wild animals with machines, and that animals are very eager to fight against other powers.

SECOND COMPARISON __Why might Serbia have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina?Why might Russia have been interested in helping further that claim?__ __Why would Germany and Austria-Hungary have resisted any moves for Bosnian (used to mean Bosnia and Herzegovina) secession from Austria-Hungary?__ Serbians wanted to take over Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to be closer to its allies and unite the Slavs. However, Austria-Hungary took over Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to prevent Serbia from absorbing all the Slavs on the Balkan Peninsula. Austria feared that Slavic state would cause a rebellion among its Slavic population. However, Serbia could not do anything to protect other Slavs because they were weaker than Austria-Hungary. On the other hand, Russians supported this claim because they did not want Austria-Hungary to be larger and stronger. Also, Russia is mostly composed of Slavs, similar to Serbia population. Thus, Russians wanted to help Serbia due to various reason. However, Germans and Austria-Hungary noticed that they would be surrounded by enemies, so they resisted any moves for Bosnian secession from Austria-Hungary.

10/10


 * //__Impact of Nationalism(2/17/12)__//**
 * Positive Results || Negative Results ||
 * -People can overcome the differences.

-Democratic governments can emerge among many other nations.

-Competition between many nations will motivate scientific and technological developments.

-Abandon colonialism. || -Strong competitions among the nations can lead to warfare.

-Minority cultures will disappear and majority culture will dominate the nation.

-Ethnic cleansing (ex. Bosnia and Herzegovina)

-Extreme nationalistic movements will rise (Nazism) ||

__Do you think nationalism has had a more positive or negative impact on the world? Support your opinion with evidence.__ In my opinion, I believe that nationalism has had a more positive impact on the world. Even though many minority cultures and ideas disappeared, people can narrow down the differences in their ideas and voices. Thus, through the process of nationalism, nation was able to unite and combine ideas of all people which can lead to nation's success. Also, nationalism actually spurred the competition among many other nations. This competition actually improved technological and scientific advances. Thus, even though there can be some disadvantages and negative impact of nationalism, I think that nationalism can bring more benefits.

//1. Using the table above, explain the characteristics of each type of Nationalistic movement in your own words.// According to this table, there are three types of Nationalist Movements:Unification, Separation, and State-building. First, Unification is one of nationalism in which the people are divided politically yet contain similar lands culturally. Second, Separation nationalism represent the situation when culturally distint groups try to resist from combining cultures and making majority culture. Last, State-building nationalism describes culturally distint groups accepting a single culture by forming into a new state.

//2. What do you think would have happened to the empires (e.g. Austrian Empire, Ottoman Empire) during the rise of nationalism?// Austrian Empire and Ottoman Empire contained a variety of ethnic groups and cultures. Thus, during the rise of nationalism, there would have been a lot of conflicts and challenges. Thus,, through the process of nationalism, the power of these empires would decrease.

__**Analyzing Political Cartoon**__ 1.What symbol does the cartoonist use for the soon-to-be nation of Italy? Italy is depicted as the boot (due to geographical shape) of King Victor Emmanuel II.

2.How is Garibaldi portrayed? Garibaldi is portrayed as loyal and dedicated man who is very polite to the king. He is very willing to give up his lands to the king in order to help him uniting the nation.

3.What does the title of the cartoon say about the cartoonist's view of Italian unification? The cartoonist is actually supporting the Italian unification, and I can notice that by reading the title. To explain, the title is "Right Leg in the Boot at Last," which represents the excited feeling that Italy is finally controlled by Victor Emmanuel. Also, the cartoonist shows his excitement toward the unification through the title.


 * __Case Study: Germany__**

//__**2) Geography Skill-builder Questions**__// 1.What was unusual about the territory of Prussia as it existed in 1865? The eastern and western parts of Prussia were separated by other territory in the middle. Thus, the territory of Prussia could not combine together, remaining separated even though it is a same country.

2.After 1865, what year saw the biggest expansion of Prussian territory? After 1865, biggest expansion of Prussian territory happened in 1871 when South German Sates joined Prussia to form German Empire.

// 3) Design a national symbol for the newly formed Germany. Include symbols that best represent the spirit or values of the German people at this time. Write a short paragraph explaining your symbol and its significance. //



Explanation: The phrase below the eagle is “blood and iron” in German. It comes from Otto von Bismarck’s speech where he said that the German unification was achieved by blood and iron. The eagle above symbolizes the coat of arms of Germany; the coast of arms feature an eagle. In addition, the colors of the symbol, yellow, black, and red signify different things. Yellow represents the generosity, black represents determination, and red represents hardiness, bravery, and strength. This symbol is one of the oldest symbols in Europe.

You cannot use a symbol that DOES represent German nationalism for this exercise, which asks you to invent one for yourself!

19/20

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**//__Class 14: Case Study Assessment Questions (2/13/2012)__//**
TERMS AND NAMES

Sepoys: The sepoys, private Indian troops for British, fought against British due to some violation of religious laws and customs.

Sepoys Mutiny: Sepoys Mutiny, the rebellion of sepoys, was a turning point for British rule in India because British government took over direct rule of India from the East India company.

Congress Party: Congress Party, the political group of India, concerned with equal rights for Indians, yet pledged loyalty to the British crown. Later, they also tried to promoted self-government and independence.

Monandas K. Gandhi: He brought nationalistic ideas to the common people of India and supported non-violent non cooperation.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah: He was the most responsible man for turning the Muslim League into a broad-based political party. He also tried to unify Hindu and Muslim concerns, but he failed to achieve the goal.

Main Ideas **1. What were four factors that contributed to Britain’s conquest of India?** There were some components that contributed to Britain’s conquest of India. To explain, British military was very powerful and had well-organized government. In addition, the Indian politics was in chaos, and there were a lot of efforts of enterprising traders.

**2. What was the cause of the Sepoy Mutiny and what was its main result?** Basically, the sepoys were outraged because they felt that the British were violating their religious laws and customs. However, the main result of Sepoy Mutiny was direct ruling of British government.

**3. Which groups and ideas promoted the Indian independence?** Both Congress Party and Muslim League promoted self-government and independence. However, they had many conflicts due to different religions and beliefs, causing the separation of India: Pakistan and India.

Gandhi’s philosophy was based upon four general principles. To explain, people should live as simply as possible, never striving for material award, and be tolerant of the religious beliefs of others. In addition, they need to devote one’s life to the service of others and fight against injustice without violence.
 * 4. What were the four general principles of Gandhi’s philosophy?**

**5. What role did Jinnah play in the partition of India?** Basically, Jinnah was a devoted champion for Muslims. Due to conflicts among Muslim League and Congress Party, he demanded a separate nation which is now Pakistan.

Documents **6. Which of the documents are pro-British in nature? Which ones are pro-Indian?** Documents B, C, E, and I are pro-British in nature. On the other hand, documents A, D, F, G, H, J, K, and L are pro-indian.

7. How would Indians in the lowest levels of their society benefit from India’s Constitution as stated in Document H? Due to India’s Constitution, the lowest levels of Indian society, the untouchables, gained a lot of benefits. According to the constitution, “Untouchability” is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden.Before the Constitution of India, the untouchables did not have any rights at all. In addition, they were treated like animals and slaves. However, after this constitution, they gained some rights as a citizen of India.

**8. Using only the information contained in the documents, answer the following question: How would British colonization have a lasting impact on the people of India? Use examples from the documents to support your answer.**

I believe that there are both positive and negative impacts of British colonization. For positive impacts, generally, British played significant role modernizing India’s economy and culture. As shown in document J, there is one plane besides people farming. This image shows the development and modernization of India. On the other hand, for negative impacts, India became so dependent on British, and their freedom was taken away by British government. For an example, according to the Mahatma Gandhi’s document F, British connection “had made India more helpless than she ever was before, politically and economically.” This quote exhibits that India will be incapable without any help from British.

Critical Thinking **9. What were the causes of the cultural conflict between the British and the Indians?** Generally, British and Indians have very distinct cultural backgrounds. To explain, the difference of religious laws and customs caused a lot of cultural conflicts between two countries. In addition, when British acted arrogantly toward the Indians, including sepoys, the cultural conflict arose even higher.

**10. Identify both positive and negative effects of British Rule in India.**

There are a lot of positive and negative effects of British Rule in India. For positive impacts, British played significant role in modernizing and urbanizing Indian economy and culture. Also, Indian infrastructures were developed a lot. On the other hand, for negative aspects, British people often abused Indians and caused social inequality among the citizens.

**11. How were Gandhi’s four general principles effective in dealing with a much more powerful nation?** Almost all of his four principles contradicted powerful nations’ action. To explain, the idea of simplicity was very distinct from materialistic nations such as British. In addition, the teaching of devoting one’s life to the service of others is also very different from powerful nations’ thoughts because they often think about themselves and the profits only. Thus, many ideas of Gandhi’s principle counter the powerful nations’ action.

The Muslim League demanded a separate nation from the Congress Party because the Congress Party often disagree to Muslims which is the minority in India. Also, their different beliefs caused some problems in the nation. Thus, Jinnah wanted to separate nation desperately.
 * 12. For what reasons did Muslims demand a separate nation?**

**13. Why did the colony of India break up into four separate nations?** India contained different religions with very distinct cultures and lives. Thus, it was almost impossible to be located in the same nation. Thus, the Muslim League separated the nation into two parts: Pakistan and India. However, later, due to the death of Jinnah, who had strong leadership, the East Pakistan proclaimed its independence as the new nation of Bangladesh.

20/20


 * //__2/13/2012__//**
 * //__Global Impact of Imperialism__//**


 * **China** || **Japan** || **United States of America** ||
 * -China was self sufficient, rejected foreign trades.

-Great Britain exported opium to China, China tried to stop importing opium.

-Great Britain refused it, causing Opium War.(China lost, opening trade)

-The Dowager Empress Cixi’s attempt to modernize China failed due to traditional values.

-Failure of modernization made other countries to colonize China ( Sphere of Influence)

-Americans made open door policy.(open trade to all merchants)

-China’s attempt to modernize failed again, and this failure caused Boxer rebellion.(extraterritorial rights) || -U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry came to Japan and gave president’s letter with threat.(asking for trade)

-Japan finally agreed to open the trade.

-People did not like Shogun opening the trade.

-New emperor, Mutsuhito, took control, and his reign is called Meiji era. (enlightened)


 * Mutsuhito tried to modernize Japan and sent people to other nations and accepted things.

-Japan modernization was successful. (gained power) || -In late 1800s, jingoism was developed in society.

-Isolationism was starting to lose its power.

-America won in American-Spanish war.(America started to become stronger)

-United Sates had passed the Teller Amendment, promising to grant Cuba freedom.

-Annexed Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Philippines after the war.

-U.S. wanted access to world markets.(believed that only the strongest nations would survive)

-Protestant’s ideal of “Christianize” helped America to become imperialism. ||

__**2) Find one political cartoon for the impact of imperialism in China, one for the impact on Korea and one for American Imperialism. Include these cartoons in your notes and answers the following questions:**__
 * 1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**
 * 2) What views of the native peoples are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**
 * 3) What views are being communicated about the Europeans/Japanese in their role as imperialists?**
 * 4) What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//OR//__ costs of imperialism?**
 * 1)**This image is definitely anti imperialism because few strong imperialists are trying to divide the territory of China, while the emperor of China cannot do anything to stop them.


 * 2)**The natives, Chinese, in this picture, are depicted as weak and fragile people. When few imperialists are trying take over the China, native people cannot actually protect their land since they are impotent.


 * 3)**In this image, European countries and Japan are being communicated as selfish people. To explain, they are discussing and fighting about the territories of China. However, even though Chinese emperor is trying to stop them, imperialists do not care about the native people.


 * 4)**In this image, imperialists are trying to conquer the weak countries such as China. According to the author, imperialists are very selfish, cruel, and self-obsessed people.




 * 1)**This image is anti imperialism. To explain, three strong countries are trying to catch the fish which symbolizes Korea.


 * 2)**In this picture, Korea, the native country, is being communicated as the fish. Fish, which is very weak creature, is just swimming and waiting to be "fished" by other strong countries.


 * 3)**Three strong imperialists are depicted as the human which is perhaps the strongest animal in the world. They are just waiting for the fish to eat their bai signifying that they are trying to conquer the weak countries for their own profits.


 * 4)**Strong countries attempt to conquer the weak countries without any mercy in order to gain resources, profits, and goods. However, native people cannot actually protect their own land and express their own opinions. Thus, fragile countries are just prey of imperialists.


 * 1)**This image is pro imperialism because strong eagle, Americans, is protecting its own colonies without any greed and desire.


 * 2)**Native people of American colonies are getting protection from United States of America. Even though they are weak and exposed to other strong countries, the shielding from American actually protect them from predators. Thus, they are dependent to their mother country.


 * 3)**The Americans are being communicated as an guardian of weak countries. Besides, they are not taking away the resources from the colonies, but to protect them from the predators.


 * 4)**According to the author, the main benefit of imperialism is that strong countries actually provide protection and shielding to fragile countries.

//__**3) Economic Imperialism**__// 1) Feudalism and mercantilism were two economic systems that preceded capitalism. Review and summarize (in your own words) how they generated wealth. How does capitalism DIFFER from these two systems? Feudalism was the legal and social system that extracted wealth from the land holding, service, and labors. In this system, only nobles and high-classed people could possess the lands. On the other hand, mercantilism was the "economic doctrine" that supported the trade and believed that the trade will bring the wealth to the nation. However, these two systems differ from capitalism in a variety of aspects. To explain, mercantilism states that colonies exist solely for the benefits and profits of the mother country. However, capitalism believes that all private companies trade with whomever they choose to trade. In addition, under feudalism, the surplus value was the 1/4th that the serf ahd to give their lord. However, under capitalism, workers cannot actually possess anything. Also, the social class of feudalism was stable and canot be changed. On the other hand, under capitalism, poor people can think of the rise in the hierarchy.

2) According to this lecturer, what forces drive capitalism? According to this lecturer, there are a variety of forces that drive capitalism. To explain, when the capitalism first started, "massive amounts of violence" was used in order to make this system more stable and effective. In addition, trade, colonization, and imperialism actually drive and influence capitalism also. The ultimate goal of imperialism is to gain profits and resources from colonies, especially the fossil fuels. The resources of the countries actually provided the means of production.

Good thoughtful answers. Keep up the good work. 20/20


 * //__2/9/2012__//**
 * //__Scramble for Africa__//**

= Task 1: =
 * Discuss table from the Reading on Imperialism with a partner.**

[]

** __Task 2: Scramble for Africa__ **
British and French controlled the most of Africa in 1914.
 * Take a look at the map below (or online text pp 343)**
 * 1) Which countries controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914?**

Some of the strong European countries such as Britain and France started to imperialize other African countries in order to obtain more resources and lands. They were able to possess the largest area of Africa because they became strong and developed faster than any other European nations.
 * 2) Why do you think these countries had the largest area of Africa?**



=** Task 3: **= -1986, the conflict started -colonization was essential for Europeans countries due to the hunger and resources. -Britain cut the largest piece of "African cake" -Britain divided the African countries without differentiating various cultures. Thus, the same culture was divided into many parts. -Many genocides and massacres happened in the period of Imperialism. -Milton Abotte was Uganda’s first prime minister -many innocent soldiers were slaughtered. -IMF comes in when the country does not have any money. -Milton Abotte gained power again. -there was national resistance army -rebellions finally gained power in 1986.
 * //Watch the video below and continue to add to your notes. Make sure that you include the long term impacts of Colonization as well.//**

=** Task 4: **= For more information read [|**European Imperialism in Africa (Overview)**] on ABC Clio (user id is kis, pw is welcome) and answer the questions below Berlin Conference was held when the great European powers such as Great Britain and France joined together in Berlin in order to divide the African continent into colonial holdings. There were no Africans in attendance. There were three outcomes of the conference. First, any sovereign power that wanted to claim any territory should inform the other powers.Second, any such annexation should be validated by effective occupation. Last, treaties with African rulers were to be considered a valid title to sovereignty.
 * 1) What was the Berlin Conference?**
 * 2) What were the three outcomes of the conference?**

=** Task 5: **=
 * __Key Skill: Analyzing Political Cartoons (ask the teacher for the handout)__**
 * Look through the 'Images of Imperialism' handout. For //__each__// of the images answer the following questions //__using evidence from the image__// to support your ideas.**
 * //NOTE: You really need to analyze why an Artist has used certain images or words. Remember: a picture is worth a 1000 words!!!//**


 * 1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**
 * 2) What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**
 * 3) What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**
 * 4) What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//OR//__ costs of imperialism?**

//__**IMAGE 1**__// 1) This image is anti imperialism. The man, who symbolizes some strong European nations, is trying to take over the resources (gold) of Africa. Even though the British man conquered large area of Africa, he wants to take more and more. Also, the painter is trying to exhibit that this image is anti imperialism by depicting the man as an ugly and greedy man in this picture.

2) In this picture, the man is trying to take over the resources of African nations with big and chubby hands. Thus, we can notice that in the views of African, they can be scared of getting damaged and stolen by some strong Europeans nations.

3) British and Americans are trying to steal the resources from Africa, and this images shows that they are very greedy and voracious.

4) In this image, by imperializing other African nations, British and Americans can obtain large amount of resources, raw materials, and luxury goods. However, their desire and greediness will cause a lot of damage on Africans.

//__**IMAGE 2**__// 1)This image is definitely a pro imperialism. The white man, symbolizing the powerful European or American, is leading African children. The children in this picture depicts uncontaminated and "undeveloped" people of Africa. Thus, through analyzing the symbols, we can notice that white man (Europeans and Americans) is providing help and leading African nations.

2) From this image, the views of African can be very positive toward white people because one white man is leading all the children. Africans, whose nations are not fully developed, are getting help and education from Europeans and Americans, and this phenomenon can be very influential to the children of African.

3) In this image, Europeans and Americans are depicted as a very smart, developed, and intelligent race. Thus, they are providing their developments and knowledge to African nations in order to help them to be "civilized."

4) By looking at this picture, we can easily notice that author is trying to convey the message that imperialism can be beneficial. White people's, whose nations are developed, actions of teaching and encouraging other "undeveloped"nations can be positive effects of imperialism.

//**__IMAGE 3__**// 1)This image is obviously anti imperialism. As shown in the image, the snake, representing imperialists, is grabbing African man and suffocating him. This depiction shows that imperialists are actually invading other nations and harming them.

2) From this image, Africans are communicated as poor, weak, and frail race. Also, man is suffocated by the snake, and other women and children are avoiding from it which shows that Africans are suffering from imperialists' greed and desire. Their perspective toward imperialists are very bad in this picture because imperialists are trying to take away their resources, raw materials, and luxury goods.

3)In this picture, American and Europeans's role as an imperialist is very harmful and damaging because they are actually stealing all the resources and goods from "undeveloped" countries by using their power and weapons. Imperialists is depicted as a snake because they are unfavorable people.

4)The author is absolutely trying to convey the message that imperialism is very harmful to native people. As I mentioned, imperialists are just taking away the resources and vanishing the cultures of native people. Thus, author is asserting that imperialism is actually very bad and cruel to other nations.

//__**IMAGE 4**__// 1)This image is pro imperialism. To start with, this image is an ABC for baby patriots which indicates that imperialists are actually teaching other nations. The first image with the letter N exhibits that European navy is so powerful and strong, protecting the native nations. In the second image, the British guy is sitting on the top of an elephant and hunting down the scary animals. The letter I signifies that the imperialists are actually helping native people to destroy their enemies. In the third image, the black man is sitting on the nice chair and well treated by the Englishman. Also, he is willing to get lesson from British man. Thus, letter I shows that black man is educated and well bahved by imperialists. By looking at the analyzation, we can notice that this picture is pro imperialism.

2)Even though this is pro imperialism, Africans and Asians are depicted as an "undeveloped" race. These images show that native people are not strong enough to protect their own countries. Moreover, they are just encouraging the white people to educate them. Thus, this image shows that Africans and Asians are not civilized as white imperialists.

3) In this image, the imperialists are exhibited as a superior race. They educate and lead Africans and Asians whose nations are not developed. Furthermore, the imperialists are actually protecting other nations. Thus, it can be seen that the white people are superior to Africans and Asians.

4) According to the author, the benefits of imperialism is that strong Europeans can get resources and goods by protecting other native nations and guiding uncivilized countries. Thus, imperialism can be beneficial to both imperialists and Africans/Asians.

1)This image is definitely anti imperialism. In this picture, the teacher is castigating the black students(babies), while other white students are just studying without any problems. This situation symbolizes the racism between white and black people. Thus, the author is showing that imperialism is very bad and harmful.
 * __//IMAGE 5//__**

2) In this image, one of the black kids is just cleaning the window, and others are sitting in a low, uncomfortable chair. Thus, the African and Asians are being viewed as poor and innocent children, who gets punished by white teacher, the imperialists. These black children shows the innocence of African nations.

3)As shown in this picture, the white teacher, symbolizing the imperialist, is just picking on black kids. However, other white students are studying on the comfortable chair and desk. This depiction shows that white race is superior to black people and exhibits that white imperialists are very educated, civilized, and intelligent.

4) The author is trying to say that imperialism is very harmful to Africans and Asians by drawing the white teacher castigating black students. As shown in the image, the are suffering from white people' racism and pride.

1) This image is anti imperialism and is very similar to image 3. In this picture, the eagle is trying to attack the natives. However, the eagle, symbolizing the imperialists, is very enormous and much bigger than the natives. On the other hand, black people are very small and look fragile. Thus, the depiction shows that this image is anti imperialism.
 * __//IMAGE 6//__**

2) The Africans and Asians are exhibited as prey for the eagle, imperialists. Native people are very weak and small that they cannot do anything in order to stop or prevent imperialist's invasion.

3)The British, in this image, is very big eagle. This drawing shows that British is predator or invaders who try to take over the land and resources from weak Africans. Moreover, we can notice that the imperialists are very greedy and strong.

4)The author is trying to assert that the imperialists' invasion will harm and damage native people' lives. Also, I can notice that imperialists are going to abuse Africans.

1.This image is absolutely anti imperialism. To explain, the goddess who signifies the law, fairness, and justice is hiding behing the tree, showing that there is no justice toward black people. More over, black people are dead on the ground. We can easily notice that the white man, who is looking at the map, killed them because he is searching for other lands to take over. Thus, this image is anti imperialism.
 * __//IMAGE 7//__**

2) African and Asians are suffering and even dying from the greed of white imperialists. By the absence of godess, hiding behind the tree, we can know that there were any justice toward black people.

3)British or Americans are depicted as a violent dictator who is killing other native people and taking over the land. Also, the imperialists do nto care about equality, justice, and fairness. Overall, the white man, symbolizing the imperialists, is being viewed as inhumane and cruel person.

4)The author is saying that the imperialism causes the deaths of native people. The white imperialists' greed and desire takes away a lot of native people' lives. They are only caring about their business.

Good effort here, though some of the cartoons have not been interpreted completely correctly. Keep working on this. 28/30

I strongly believe that Darwin’s theories actually apply to our culture and society. To explain, Charles Darwin asserted that the fittest animals “will have the best chance of survival of being preserved in the struggle for life.” Fittest ones including human and animals signifies strong and adept characteristics. Darwin’s idea of “survival of fittest” actually apply to our cultures and society in a variety of ways. However, generally, in our society or among all the nations, money is the most important component to become fittest one. In whole, fittest countries with military power and money such as America, China, and Russia possess enormous power over the other nations. However, very similar to whole, individuals’ society is also applied by “survival of fittest.” In our society, a person who earned a lot of money will eventually survive, and other ones who could not earn money will be isolated from the society. For instance, Bill Gates, who has earned a lot of money, is an example of fittest ones. On the other hand, the beggar in the street is just a loser who failed to survive in the society. Thus, by reading Darwin’s “survival of fittest” theory, we can notice that his theory actually applies to our culture and society.
 * __// 2/8/2012 //__**
 * __// Document-Based Question: Do Darwin’s theories apply to culture and society? Why or why not? Use the excerpts above and strong examples to support your points. //__**


 * **Reasons and justifications for Imperialism** || **Areas that were Colonized** || **Impact of Imperialism (Positive and Negative)** ||
 * * It can spread Christianity


 * increase the nation’s pride and prestige.


 * provides more foods, resources, raw materials, goods, and lands.

-the nation can make more profits.

-gain both economical and political power. || -Asia (Korea, Taiwan, and India)

-Latin America

-Middle East

-Americas (New World)

-Africa(Senegal, Congo,etc.) || POSITIVE IMPACTS

-exchange of cultures and traditions. -find raw materials and luxury goods. -absence of urban crowding -increase national pride or prestige.

NEGATIVE IMPACTS -Racism and mistreating toward people. -native cultures and traditions starts to disappear. -European countries started to be dependent. ||

Which of these are reasons, and which are justifications? WHICH nation can "make more profit"? I'm glad that in your discussion of Darwin's ideas you discuss their application to both nations and individuals. 9.5/10

"THE WHITE MEN'S BURDEN" 2/6/12

According to Rudyard Kipling, “the white man’s burden” is the duty or responsibility of the white people to lead other foreign lands including undeveloped nations. By putting other countries or lands under their power, white men can obtain wealth and help other nations to become civilized and developed countries.
 * 1.What is “The White Man’s Burden” based on Rudyard Kipling’s description in this poem?**

I completely disagree with Kipling’s idea because of a variety of reasons. By reading this poem, we can easily notice that Kipling has prejudice and biased thoughts toward the skin color. To explain, he strongly believes that white people are civilized, educated, and intelligent, unlike other races. I strongly think that his preconceived idea is wrong. To explain another point, even though white people can help other nations to flourish, their ultimate goal is gaining wealth and profits, indicating that they are not actually helping other countries but just earning money.
 * 2.Do you agree or disagree with Kipling’s characterization? Why or why not?**

According to this poem, I can notice that Europeans and Americans are very strong, developed, and confident. Kipling asserts that they are actually helping foreign uncivilized countries to gain wealth and become more civilized and educated. Besides, they are “seeking another’s profit and work another’s gain.”
 * What does this say about the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800 - early 1900’s? Use specific examples from the poem.**

I believe that KIS is very similar to “the white man’s burden” in modern Korean society. Unlike other Korean public schools, KIS is providing American education to students. Even though other Korean public schools have great system of education, KIS ‘s educational system can be very new or perhaps more comfortable to Korean students than just public schools’ in Korea. KIS can actually spread the new type of education in Korea. Thus, it can be seemed that KIS is very similar to “the white man’s burden.”
 * Is KIS an example of “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean society? Why or why not?**

How do your answers to questions 3 and 4 fit together? One suggests you see the attitudes expressed in the poem as prejudiced and untrue, but in the next answer, you take what Kipling says about "seeking another's profit" at face value, without any comment! Was this a reason or a justification? Was it true? Your response to #4 need more thoughtful consideration. Are all new ideas that come from abroad examples of imperialism? 8/10

1.The views of Andrew Carnegie and Frederich Engels are very different from each other because of the distant life experiences. Andrew Carnegie actually supports industrialization because he was one of the richest people in America. He asserts that industrialization developed United States’ trade economy and industry. On the other hand, Frederich Engels, as a factory manager, knew the terrible working condition of ordinary workers. Therefore, he could not see the benefits of industrialization. Overall, two people have very different thoughts about industrialization.

2.Mary Paul, 16-year-old child worker, could not have any real social experiences. She believed that the factory is very good place to work because she had enough food and enjoyed working. However, most of the factories’ condition was, in fact, very dirty and terrible for working. Mary, who is just a teenager, did not know the other aspect of industrial country.

3.Political cartoons usually spread very quickly and have very large effects to ordinary people. Walter Crane’s cartoon actually played big role in rallying workers to the cause of socialism because this image has very drastic illustration. Therefore, Walter Crane’s cartoon would be very attractive and appealing to many workers.

I'm not sure what you mean by a "drastic illustration" as the adjective "drastic" modifies the word "action" or a word with a similar meaning, e.g. "drastic measures". Your other answers are good. 9/10

__1.Would Marx have agree that these countries were "communist"?__ __What has happened to the "communist" world (once called the "Second World", to distinguish it from the "First World" -- wealthy capitalist countries, and the "Third World" -- poor countries)?__ __Why do you think this has happened?__
 * 4 Questions (1/31/12)**

Karl Marx would not agree that these countries were "communist." According to Marx's theory of Communism, everyone should be equal without any social classes. Besides, there shouldn't be large governmental system that controls people. However, many countries that try to follow Marx's idea fail due to some major obstacles. First, in many countries, two social classes actually emerge:government and normal people.Thus, the government controls everything and possesses all the power in the country. For example, North Korea, the country that try to follow idea of Communism, is totally controlled by the government. This situation shows that these countries are not communist. Second, it is not influential compared to Capitalism. In addition, certain communist countries are not developing and growing economically than other Capitalist countries. Now, the question is why these countries fell into these obstacles. There are two answers since two major obstacles exist. First, in real world, many people are very eager to obtain power. Thus, politicians in government parties actually try to gain power among citizens which expands the government's power. Second, if people are receiving same wages, workers do not have any desire of earning money and developing their own country. Therefore, new ideas and economic developments will disappear. To sum up, Karl Marx's theory might be perfect. However, when the countries actually use that theory, it is very hard or even impossible to follow all the instructions of Karl Marx.

__What do you think of the idea that the growing gap between the rich and poor in the industrialized world never materialized (see p. 270) because of the Union movement (the formation of trades unions who unite to demand better working conditions for workers) and reform laws (to improve conditions for workers, eg. safety requirements, limits on the length of the working day, minimum wages)?__

I strongly believe that this particular idea is erroneous because of several reasons. To explain, the gap between the rich and poor in society was very big that just few laws could not improve it. Also, even though there could be some beneficial changes of reform laws and Union movement for ordinary workers, these movements cannot actually vanish the social classes. In addition, high-classed people will not let anyone who try to change the whole social classes or who attempt to lessen the profit of rich owners. Thus, gap between the rich and poor will never disappear unless rich people volunteer to give up their money, which will never happen.

During the Industrial Revolution, cities contained great number of factories and companies. Also, when a lot of people started to move to cities, urbanization began. However, many factory owners wanted children laborers because their wages are lower than regular adults' wages and it is easier to control children than adults. Thus, the number of children laborers started to increase rapidly, and they suffered from various reasons. To explain, children workers were treated very inhumane. Even though they get hit by factory owners and work for many hours, they could not have any freedom. In addition, the factories' working condition was very bad. Children laborers were exposed to many diseases and germs. Also, working place was covered by the dark and dusts. Even though children laborers were suffering from working, there wasn't any strict law that prohibited child labor. Also, it is very recent that the strict law was passed, and until now, some countries still not have strict regulations. After reading this photoessay, I feel bad because children, who need to think about hopes and dreams, are just treated like animals. I strongly believe that there should be strong regulations of child labor in the whole world.
 * Photoessay Comment 12-1-26**

I strongly believe that the Industrial Revolution, and the urbanization that accompanied it, have been a mixed blessing in some aspects. However, in short, there are more disadvantages than advantages. To explain, by the 1800s, the pace of industrialization accelerated rapidly in Britain. People could earn higher wages in factories than on farms. Thus, more and more people started to move to cities where the manufacturing of goods was concentrated in a certain location. This movement of urbanization actually enabled the nation to gain wealth. However, urbanization’s disadvantages overwhelmed the advantages. When more and more people started to work in cities, the population became very large causing urban slums. To explain further, due to very rapid urbanization, factories’ condition was horrible. Laborers were forced to work for 14 hours a day and were exposed to epidemic and other diseases. In addition, women and children had to work in order to fulfill the work that had to be done. There is no doubt that urbanization and Industrial Revolution actually developed the nation and provided wealth. However, they caused many disadvantages that were very serious and dangerous.
 * Industrial Revolution Question 12-1-20**
 * 1) The Industrial Revolution, and the urbanization that accompanied it, have been described as a mixed blessing. To what extent to you agree with this statement?


 * QUESTIONS**
 * 4.Why did Napoleon's empire collapse?**
 * Napoleon loved power, and he was very eager to expand his empire. However, these steps led to mistakes that caused Napoleon's empire to collapse. First mistake was that Napoleon really wanted to crush Britain. Thus, he tried stopping all trade between Britain and the lands he controlled. However, this effort failed because British put their own blockade around Europe. Due to the fact that British navy was too strong, it worked very well. This attempt of Napoleon caused the downfall of French economy. Second, Napoleon wanted to make his brother king of Spain in 1805. However, Spanish people were very loyal to their own king. With the help of Britain, Napoleon lost 300,000 troops. Third and most importantly, in 1812, he tried to conquer Russia. However, after he entered Russia with 400,000 soldiers, they could not find any food or supplies in Moscow. Also, winter was coming, and Napoleon decided to head back. Due to hunger and attack to Russian soldiers, only 10,000 soldiers were able to fight. To sum up, these three mistakes brought the downfall of Napoleon's empire.**


 * 5.What were the goals of Congress Vienna?**
 * In 1814, leaders of many nations met for months. Their major goal was to draw up a peace plan for Europe that would last many years. This meeting is known as the Congress of Vienna. To explain further, in this meeting, key person was Klemens von Metternich, and he shaped the peace conditions. First goal was that he wanted to make sure that French would not attack another country again. Second, he wanted a balance of power in which no nation has great power. Third, he wanted to put kings back in charge of the countries from which they had been removed. The leaders of countries agreed to ideas of Metternich, and an age of European peace started.**

I chose the picture of Adolf Hitler because he made violent revolution after failing to make peaceful revolution.

Enlightened Despot Poster

http://chriskang9d.edu.glogster.com/httpkisworldhistorywikispacescomchris27world/



media type="custom" key="11221928"

//**__ Port 4 __**// //**__ 10-27-2011 __**// //**__ Chris.Kang __**//

AP PARTS for Edicts for 1635 __Ordering the Closing of Japan__


 * Author:** These edict was published by Tokugawa Ieyasu who was the shogun in Japan, He strictly prevented people for having international relationships.


 * Place & Time:** This edict was issued in the 1630s in Japan.


 * Prior Knowledge:** Before reading this edict, I knew that Toyotomi Hideyoshi and shogun played very significant role in Japan. Also, they were the people who controlled ruled whole country. To explain further, I already noticed that Japan was one of the strongest countries before they restricted international trades. Obstructing international trades prevented themselves from developing and gaining power.


 * Audience:** This source was created for Japanese citizens. This edict was the rule that all citizens had to follow in any circumstances.


 * Reason:** This edict was issued in order to restrict people from having international trade relationships.


 * Main Idea:** The main idea of this edict was to strongly block Japanese citizens from trading with other parts of the world. This source also shows the strictness of Ieyasu, the shogun.


 * Significance:** At that time, shogun of Japan was actually scared of the effects of international trades. He also feared that the foreigners take his power away. Therefore, this source indicates the reason why Japan could not have strongest power. Besides, this edict is significant because it directly shows that Japan actually isolated themselves which caused economic growth to stop.

1.Who was "the Bald Rat"? The Bald Rat indicates the japanese soldier,Toyotomi Hideyoshi 2.Where did Japan hope to build its empire? Japan hoped to build its empire in China 3.What stopped it from building its empire as planned? Japan's defeat in the war against Korea due to strong turtle boats prevented Japan from building its empire. 4.Why didn't they try again? They did not try again because Toyotomi Hideyoshi passed away in 1598.
 * //__Video Questions__//**


 * //__AP PARTS (Qian Long)__//**
 * //__10-27-11__//**


 * Author:** This letter was written by Qian Long who was the emperor of China from 1734 to 1795.


 * Place & Time:** This letter was written in China in 1793 during Qing Dynasty.


 * Prior Knowledge:** Before reading this source, I already notice that China tried to isolate themselves from other parts of the world. Also, they strongly refused to have international relationships.


 * Audience:** This letter was written for King George III.

Besides, Qian Long wanted to express his mind that China is not fully interested in trading with England.
 * Reason:** From sending this letter, Qian Long wanted to reject King George III's request which was to open some ports except Guangzhou.


 * Main Idea:** This letter indicates that China is not fully interested in trading with England. Also, it shows that Qian Long didn't want to provide many ports to foreigners.


 * Significance:** This source is very critical because it actually shows that China isolated themselves from other parts of the world. In addition, this letter declares that China didn't want to have international trade relationships with Europe including England.

First picture shows the countries that contain more than 1million Muslims. As you can see, Indonesia has the most Muslims. Also, you can notice that most of the Muslims live in Africa and Asia.
 * Class 13 Work**
 * Chris.Kang**
 * 9/23/201**

Second picture shows the voyages of Zheng He. His fleet, treasure ships, made 7 voyages in all. We can know that his ships traveled a lot of countries because they traveled almost every continent. However, they were called back by Zhu Gaozi due to the fact that their political and economical situation has changed.

I see two men trying to reach each other. I think that this is religious picture. I wonder the purpose of this painting.
 * See, Think, Wonder**
 * Chris.Kang**
 * 9/21/2011**

By looking at the first picture, we can easily notice the difference between China Zheng He ship and Santa Maria ship. This picture indicates that Chinese army is much more developed than other countries. In addition, it shows the power of Chinese army that grew rapidly.
 * 1421 Reading Tasks**
 * Chris.Kang**
 * 9/7/2011**

First of all, the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire would have come from central part of Europe. On the other hand, the emperor of the Byzantium would have come from the central part of modern day, Italy. However, the Dodge Ruler of Venice would have come from the top part fo the modern day Italy. To explain more, the King of England would have come from beside North Sea, under the Kingdom of Scotland. On the other side, the King of France would have come from south of the England which is the western part of Europe. Due to the fact that kingdoms of Portugal and Castile were next to each other, they would have come from southwestern part of Europe.

The third picture exhibits the size of territories of various dynasties in Chinese history. As you can see, in 1892, Qing Dynasty owned the biggest territory among many other empires.

By looking at the fourth picture, Silk Road extended from Beijing, China to many other countries such as Syria, Turkey, and India. Thus, Silk Road played the significant role in trading between many countries. Also, it helped China to develop rapidly due to the fact that China obtained foreign ideas, inventions, foods, and etc...

Fifth picture shows the population of Europe in 1400 and 1600. This picture helps us to imagine the size of the population in Forbidden City because Forbidden city carried fifty times the population of London. From this imagination, I can notice that the population in Forbidden city was larger than any other cities in Europe.

Even though more than 500 years had been passed, the external shape of the Forbidden City did not change. In addition, the river that flows beside Forbidden City did not disappear. These two pictures show that Forbidden City did not disappear or changed in China.

The eighth picture shows the construction length of the Great Wall in different empires. By looking at this picture, we can notice that the Ming Emperor built the longest Great Wall among other emperors. If the Great Wall was 6,400kms long, it would reach Jiayuguan.

Zhu Di wanted Beijing to be "0" degree -- the prime meridian, from which all latitude coordinates would be measured because it can be the location where the entire world explore which will benefit China in many fields such as trading. However, as you can see in the ninth picture, England became "0" degree which indicates that Zhu Di failed his aim.

Grand Canal was one of the most significant accomplishments by Zhu Di. Grand Canal starts from Beijing to Hangzhou which is very long distance. However, Zhu Di was able to built it in less than 2 decades. To explain further, Grand Canal played the huge role in many fields. For example, Grand Canal carried food to the workers who were building Forbidden City which indicates that the Grand Canal prevent the lack of food surplus. Thus, as you can see, Grand Canal was one of the components that helped Zhu Di to develop his own country, China.

By looking at these pictures, I noticed that Islam grew rapidly and conquered many kingdoms or empires. Also, there were different kinds of caliphates who controlled Islam Empire, and the size of the land varied depending on caliphates.
 * The Spread of Islam**
 * Chris.Kang**
 * 9/5/2011**

Chris.Kang 8/24/11
 * The Black Death,1348**

**Author:** **Who created the source? What do you know about the author? What is the author’s point of view?** This source is written by Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio. He lived at the time when plague devastated his city, saw the situation of plague spreading out and killing many people. The author is first person point of view because he existed at the time when diseases decimated people.

**Place and Time:** **Where and when was the source produced? How might this affect the meaning of the source?** In 1348, this source was produced in Italy. This production time shows that this source was made at the time when plague killed many people which can make the source credible. In addition, the time shows that this source is primary because it was created at the time period we want to know about.


 * 1348 was when the plague happened, not when the source was created. Where in Italy **?

**Prior Knowledge:** **Beyond information about the author and the context of its creation, what do you** **already** **know about the era/topic that would help you further understand the primary source?** Before reading this primary source, I knew that the plague killed tremendous amount of people and caused social disorder in Europe long time ago.

"Amount" is for uncountable things. People are countable, so you would need to say "tremendous number". Can you bring any other prior knowledge to this source?

**Audience:** **For whom was the source created and how might this affect the reliability of the source?** In my perspective, by looking at the style of his writing and description, the author wrote this source for the people in other countries. This assumption can make this primary source reliable because there is no need to convey wrong information when the author is trying to inform to other people.

Sorry, you're way off base with this, and you've missed the important information.

**Reason:** **Why was this source produced at the time it was first made?** The author created this source in order to inform the desperate situation when the plague occurred. Also, author want to convey the specific information about the plague and brief about the happenings in the countries of Europe.

**The Main Idea:** **What point is the source trying to convey?** This primary source conveys the sign,effect, and other specific information about plague. In addition, he is trying to inform the perilousness about the plague because it already killed almost half of the population in Europe.

**Significance:** **Why is this source important? What inferences can you draw from this document? Ask yourself, “So what?” in relation to the question asked.** Document,written by Giovanni Boccaccio, is very valuable source for several reasons. This source can provide huge amount of information about the plague that took away approximately 35% of the population in Europe. Besides, this source conveys the specific information about plague that might help historians or doctors to learn the traits of plague. By reading this source, I can know what happened at the time when plague occurred. I can infer that plague is very dangerous disease that can decimate large number of people.


 * You need to work on using English effectively to express your ideas. It seems you are still having some difficulty with APPARTS. Please see me. U.**



Chris, there is no need to put your name or block on this, since it's posted on your gallery page, and D block's gallery. However, please continue to date your work, and give each assignment a title. Please also use the blue bar button on the edit toolbar to separate each assignment.

See my comments below:

The Role of Historians (The Historians’ Many Hats)

Chris.Kang D block 8/18/2011

Vocabulary
 * heretical: believing in religious heresy
 * faggot: it is a collection of sticks that indicates the hatred toward heresy.
 * Eucharist: type of Christian ceremony in which bread and wine are provided by church and consumed by people.
 * abstain: to obstruct oneself from doing something.
 * penance: punishment that is volunteered by oneself
 * beseeching: to beg urgently about something
 * source: book or any information that can be used to provide evidence.

In this story, Hogsflesh is walking through the street wearing only a shirt and carrying faggot which symbolizes his opposition toward heresy. Also, he goes in to the marketplaces and read out a statement declaring that he had been convicted for heretical beliefs. This action is a religious process, and if he refuses to do it, he would have been burnt to death. In my perspective, historians are trying to show us the power of religion at that time.
 * 1) **In section 1, //Heretical Beliefs//, the historian gives his account of a historical event. What is happening to Hogsflesh? What is the historian's “story” or main point of the article?**

Does not answer second part of the question.

2.**What are the roles of a historian defined by John Arnold? Do you agree or disagree with his assumptions? Can you think of any other roles?** According to John Arnold, there are a variety of roles that historians play. Historians not only read records and report on what he or she finds but also address gaps and contradictions that were made by lack of source or information. I agree to John Arnold because historian’s main job is to complete the story with using lack of information.

Arnold actually identifies NINE roles of an historian. You did not address the third part of the question.

3. **What is meant by “treat(ing) their sources with fidelity?” Remember to put your response in your own words. Why is it important to remember this when reading historical references?** Historians treat their sources with fidelity. This indicates that historians look at every source even though they contradict historians belief because they might have to revise their own belief in order to be accurate about sources.

I think you've got it, but the answer could be more clear.

4.**How can a single event be interpreted in more than one way? Can you think of an event in your life that historians could interpret with differing points of view?** Historians interpret the event depending on the time of an event, location, other sources, and etc. The reason of this action is that historians need to be accurate in every event. In addition, historians can interpret my transferring school to international school. I might think that it was just for educational need, however, historians might think that I moved school because of my future.

I'm not clear on the difference between "educational need" and "my future".

5. **Talk to a family member or friend about something that happened to you both a long time ago. Examine how you both remember the incident and write about it. With that in mind, when attaching meaning to history, is it possible for a historian to be completely objective? Use examples from the incident you just discussed to reinforce your response.** In the past, I fought with my friend because he lost the group presentation file. I was so mad at that time that I could not hold on to my temper.However, as I think again in future,I think it was both fault because I ordered him to save the project even though he refused it. I think historians cannot be always completely objective because everyone has different ways of thinking. Also, everyone has their own characteristics and minds

Good answer.

6. **What problems may arise when historians practice subjective history? In what ways may subjective history be beneficial to the study of history? Think back to the incident you just discussed with your family member or friend. Why did it make sense for you to remember the event the way you did and for the other person to remember it the way he or she did? What does this tell us about history?** Historians can face the problem when they are practicing subjective history because their personal thoughts, belief, and characteristics can affect the result of a research. However, in someway, it can be beneficial because historians will be able to approach __to__ the source in a variety of ways which can be accurate. For example, people are tended to think about the certain incident in the way that he or she wants to. Which means that people have different point of view of looking at the incident.

Good answer.

7.**Why is every historian "a storyteller?" If all historians are storytellers and there are myriad versions of every story, can we trust historians? Why or why not?** Historian is a storyteller because they collect the sources from many places and make the story. However, we __cannot always trust historians__ because sources are developing in __everyday__ every day__,__ and there are many new things that can be added to historians’ theory or story.

Is this the same thing as knowing that history is always being revised? Does that mean we cannot trust historians?

From this article, I knew that historians play very complicated role, and they have very many things to do in order to make the story and discover. From now, I will approach a history in a variety of ways by using my experiences and knowledge**s.** In this way, I will be able to look in to information accurately.
 * 8.How did your view of history and historians change based on this reading? How will you approach history now that you have explored these views?**

Okay.

8.5/10