Philip+B's+World

**1953** - General Mohammed Daud becomes prime minister. Turns to Soviet Union for economic and military assistance. Introduces social reforms, such as abolition of purdah (practice of secluding women from public view). - General Mohammed Daud abandoned certain Islamic practices such as purdah. He brought Soviet influences into Afghanistan. **1978** - General Daud is overthrown and killed in a coup. Start of armed revolt. - It shows decline of the Soviet influences in Afghanistan. It also showed that people in Afghanistan were very angry towards the communist government. **1979** December - Soviet Red Army invades and props up communist government. - Soviet attempted and succeeded in reforming the Soviet influences into Afghanistan and establishment of communist government in Afghanistan. **1988** - Afghanistan, USSR, the US and Pakistan sign peace accords and Soviet Union begins pulling out troops. - The successful reformation is weakened by the treaty. USSR lost its influence in Afghanistan and gave people in Afghanistan a choice. **1989** - Last Soviet troops leave, but civil war continues as mujahideen push to overthrow Najibullah. - As the Soviet troops leave Afghanistan, Afghanistan consequently suffers civil war lead by the Najibullah. The chaos caused an instability of the Afghanistan government which caused Talibans to have a chance to seize the government.
 * Afghanistan Timeline by Philip Bae and Samuel Lee 5/25/12**

**1997** - Taliban recognised as legitimate rulers by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. They now control about two-thirds of country. - Taliban succeeds in gaining power and control of Afghanistan and started to be recognized by other countries such as Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

**1998** - US launches missile strikes at suspected bases of militant Osama bin Laden, accused of bombing US embassies in Africa. - This was a spark of the tension between the U.S. government and the Taliban **1999** - UN imposes an air embargo and financial sanctions to force Afghanistan to hand over Osama bin Laden for trial. - Tension grew larger through out the world. The United Nations pressures Afghanistan to hand over Osama bin Laden by air embargo and financial sanctions.

**2001 October** - US-led bombing of Afghanistan begins following the September 11 attacks on the United States. Anti-Taliban Northern Alliance forces enter Kabul shortly afterwards. - This was caused by the 9/11 incident that was lead by the Taliban. This incident was seen as a threat towards the U.S. and caused the U.S. to initiate the bombing of Afghanistan.

**2009** March - US President Barack Obama unveils new strategy for Afghanistan and Pakistan to combat an increasingly perilous situation. An extra 4,000 US personnel will train and bolster the Afghan army and police, and there will also be support for civilian development. - Unlike the George Bush administration, current U.S. president Barack Obama makes new strategy for Afghanistan and Pakistan of increasing support for civilian development and training of Afghan troops and police. This was major turning point of U.S. actions toward Afghanistan.

10/10


 * Vietnam War and Korean War 5/24/12**

10/10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5rM-9G6LgA
 * World History Debate 5/22/12**
 * Philip: Con**
 * Suji: Pro**

1. Describe in your own words what happened to this house. The house shown was used for a nuclear test explosion. Although, it was 5 km away the heat and shock wave devastated the house. 2. Use your imagination to describe what would happened if a whole town was hit by an explosion like this. If this explosion was to happen in a whole town, then it would completely eradicate the whole town. Buildings and homes will be blown into dusts and citizens would be evaporated into thin air.
 * __Cold War 5/21/12__**
 * Cold War Questions**
 * A.** Look at the photographs opposite

B. Look at the photograph above 1. Why do you think these people wanted the government to 'ban the bomb? I believe these people wanted to ban the bomb due to the mass destruction. This bomb was deadly enough to destroy a whole city. People were afraid of this bomb being brought to them. They were afraid that the bomb might grow stronger and stronger as time progresses. However, the government did not listen to the people and kept on advancing in developing the bomb. 2. The picture shows that men and women, young and old, wanted to 'ban the bomb'. Why do you think there was such a wide range of people in CND? I believe there was wide range of gender and age because the bomb not only effected a certain gender or age, but the bomb had impact on everyone. The bomb would vaporize everyone by the heat and shock wave.

C. Look back to chapter 7 on pages 16-17. What arguments were there against banning nuclear weapons? The U.S. needed to keep an technologically equal pace with the USSR. People were worried that the USSR might have stronger bombs then the U.S. The USA needed to prevent the USSR from having better weapons.


 * Establishment Chart**

1.) Fear of Soviet Union's expansion 2.) The creation of the atomic bomb by the U.S. 3.) Governments of Britain, France, and U.S. tried to get rid of communism. However, the attempt failed. 4.) The attempt created mistrust 5.)Truman named president
 * 5 underlying causes of the Cold War**

I believe the Space Race was the most significant historical event because the race advanced both countries economy rapidly. The feud between the two countries motivated each other. They developed both communication and technology. These two advancements lead the two countries to compete each other in who can reach space first. By this event, we were able to expand our knowledge. Mathematics and science were taken more seriously. The rapid development of the economy and expansion of knowledge during the Space Race, convinces me that it was the most significant historical event.
 * Most significant historical event**

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__**The Post War 5/17/12**__ "Do you think it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes? Explain your thinking."

=
Yes, I believe it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes. At the beginning of the war, leaders influenced others to believe in their ideas. The leaders strong persuasions lead the people to volunteer or join the military to serve their duty to the country. The leaders should take responsibility for luring them into devastation and violence. The actions held by the soldiers were not done because of their individual thoughts, but because they were ordered by their leaders. All these brutal orders were from leaders that were afraid of the war. Therefore, Nazi and Japanese leaders should be tried for war crimes because they should take responsibility of their aggressive orders to soldiers.======



==10/10

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__Holocaust video response 5/15/12__
People were shocked by the incidents that happened in Auschwitz. They were so shocked that they didn’t even tell their close family members about what happened in Auschwitz. Twins were treated with more speciality because they were identical. Twins were taken by doctors to be used as experiments. The weak ones would usually be taken away and would not return. Experiments brought brutality into the persons life. It remains as one of their memories. This video shows how the holocaust was a long lasting moment for people that were experimented on.
 * Twins**

The holocaust separated family members from each other. Brothers and sisters had to protect each other. They were given the responsibility to look over each other and risk the consequence. Experiencing the holocaust altered the relationship between siblings. They did not recognize each other as their sister or brother. The holocaust simply took away something from their feelings.
 * Brothers**

Jews were not only used as experimental subjects, but they were also used for labor. Jews had to work with no food or water. Many died from this brutality, but Mordecai Eldar was able to resist his hunger and thirst and survive. This video tells me that concentration camp were not only for experiments, but for additional things such as labor.
 * Mordecai Eldar**

Girls were very strong hearted during their experience in concentration camps. They had to clean up luggages and observe the weak and young burn alive. Sisters had to sacrifice each other to save each other. Eventually people got tired of surviving in the camps and wanted to end their lives by helping another person.
 * Zanne Farbstein**

Nazis did not have any pity for the Jews at the camps. For example Goeth had no pity for the Jews. He lived in a balcony above all the Jews under labor. Each day he would shoot several Jews. Sometimes in camps you have the determination to save another, but there will be cases that you would have to greedy and survive.
 * Yaakov Hollander**

Jews were ordered to bury other jews that they killed. Jews were usually lined up in front of pit and shot, so there body would automatically fall into the pit. The Nazis will then bury them. A whole family was taken to camps and sometimes only one member would survive the traumatizing cases. Although, people suffered in concentration camps they were able to achieve what they dreamt of. For example Sophie became a nurse. Sophie wanted to become a nurse since she was little.
 * Sophie Engelsman**

It was painful to hear that Eva brown totally lost her identity by living through the holocaust. She lost all her characteristics that she had before. She had experience terrible incidents that required a strong heart. In the video I can see the sorrow in her eyes.
 * Eva Brown**

==10/10

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__Document Based Question__
Polish refugees fleeing from the Germans lost mostly everything. Most people would only have one major item with them. Some people were under much more worse conditions by being separated from their young son or daughter. People lost their occupation and jobs which made them homeless and poor. Everyday they were eager to hear only better news. They were clueless of their future, but they all wondered when the Germans will give back their occupation. When will they be home again?
 * Displaced Person: Under what conditions did the Polish refugees flee from the Germans?**

Thousands of Japanese Americans were sent to internment camps located in the western part of the United States. They were not seen as Americans. People assumed racism was one of the factors that was involved in this event. The photo shows American soldiers gathering the Japanese Americans to board them onto the train. This scene is similar to the holocaust when they boarded all the Jews on the train, but much more mild. Instead of the soldiers helping the Japanese Americans with their luggage, they are just sternly staring at them creating a blockade giving the Japanese Americans a small space to maneuver. This shows that the government do not see the Japanese Americans equal to Americans.
 * Internment Camps: Judging from the photograph, what was the government's attitude toward Japanese Americans?**

__Skill Builder/Interpretation Questions__
Many new factors contributed to increase the number of death in World War II over World War I. In WWI there were a huge amount of deaths caused by chemicals and newly developed weapons. As time progresses the weapons utilized in WWI become advanced with much more functions. For example in WWI aircrafts were used to observe enemies and spread deadly gases, but in WWII a variety of aircrafts were produced. They were now capable of accurately bombing cities and deploying paratroopers on land. In WWII tanks were much more moveable and powerful, machine guns consisted of more ammo, and explosives were much more dispersed. These factors caused more casualties on the battle ground. In WWI soldiers would be placed in trenches. However, in WWII soldiers were much more tactical and active out of there fox holes, but being more active with no cover increased the possibility of getting hit by a bomb. World War Two was a development of World War One.

__Cost of World War II: Allies and Axis__ 1. The USSR suffered the most human costs by losing 7,720,000 civilians and 13,600,000 soldiers that were killed or went missing. 2. Although the U.S. spent more money than Japan and Germany they were held with less casualties of civilians and soldiers. On the other hand Germany and Japan used less money resulting with more causalities.

==10/10

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__Movie and Documentary Question 5/10/12__
How is the same history conveyed so differently in these two videos? Which do you think is more "true": the Hollywood dramatization or the documentary? The movie //Saving Private Ryan// is a dramatization of WWII. The scene that was assigned was when soldiers were landing on the Omaha Beach in France. The actions were brutal, machine guns hosing down soldiers and bomb shells blowing up. The documentary assigned was much more informative because actual footage was shown during operation overlord. Therefore I believe the documentary is more true due to the actual footage shown. Although the movie may be determined by allied veterans as the most realistic scenery of WWII, some scenes were much more exaggerated for entertainment and joy for the audience.

**//B. Recognizing Facts and Details//** Identify the following people and the role each played in World War II
Dwight Eisenhower Bernard Montgomery

Dwight D. Eisenhower was a general for the U.S. His nickname "Uncle Ike" was popular among the troops. He was named the supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe. The new supreme commander had "people skills" to allow the American and British force to join together to terminate all Nazis. One accomplishment that he achieved was crushing Rommel's Afrika Korps in May 1943. Gernard Montgomery was a British General. His role as a general was to take control of the British forces in North Africa. He managed to defeat the axis forces in North Africa.

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__War on the Home Front 5/7/12__

 * __Walt Disney Cartoon__**

**What wartime images do you recognize from your study of the war?**
In the beginning I recognize the German soldiers dressed in Schutztaffel uniform with swastikas wrapped around their elbows. The swastika was used by the Nazis to symbolize Nazism. A picture of Adolf Hitler is soon presented. Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party during WWII. I was later on introduced to the Statue of Liberty. The Statue of Liberty is a famous monument that well represents United States.

**What are some of the messages of this cartoon?**
A message that was delivered from this cartoon is the comparison between Nazism and the life style of a American. The cartoon is a strong propaganda that was used to give an imagery to American citizens of Nazism. It shows the strictness and abuse towards underclass Nazis. It portrays how only suffering by hard work is tolerated in Nazism. However, the cartoon soon shows a peaceful American sleeping in his bed without any disturbance unlike the Nazis. Soon speaking of how he is proud of being an American.

**Why do you think companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war?**
I believe Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoon during the war because during the war these two companies were drawing mass attention from the public. This popularity lead them to think of an idea to support the war. With their humorous entertainment they were able to draw more attention which motivated Americans to support the war.

What is in the cartoon? Explain the symbolism you see. The man withe the star hat is Uncle Sam who represents the United States as a national personification. The barrels labeled Christmas Packages for 1944 are military supplies or family letters ready to be sent to American soldiers in Europe. The two workers are organizing presents that will be sent to the American soldiers fighting in Europe. This shows the support from the home front. It shows the desperation of hard working citizens to lead their countries soldiers to victory.
 * Home Front Political Cartoon Analysis**

What is the intended message of the cartoon? The intended message is in order to thrive for victory everyone must be involved, not only the soldiers that were sent to fight for their country in Europe. The support from the home front is one step of winning a war.

=
Life on the Home front in Britain exploration... Go to [|this site] and click on each topic area to learn about life in Britain during the war. For each of the following topics, write down 3 significant pieces of information. You may do this on your gallery page, or as a hard copy. =====

** Children at war **
1) Over 3,500,000 children, women and old people were evacuated to 'safe places' to escape the German air raids 2) 71,484 children evacuated to Lancashire 3) 241,000 children were evacuated from London in September 1939

Rationing
1) Each person could have 8p worth of meat, 3 pints of milk, and 8 ounces of sugar, 4 ounces of butter or fat, and 4 ounces of bacon, 2 ounces f tea, and 1 ounce of cheese, 1 egg each week. 2) Each family member were to have his/her own ration book 3) Even controlled the cloths that they wore

Women at war
1) Women could choose to do factory work 2) There was a Women's Voluntary Service that was popular among women. It was a women's wartime service. 3) Some women became Air Raid Wardens. Patrolling streets during air raid to report the bomb damage

Messages of war
1) Poster advertising to come work in factories to support the country 2) Poster advertising to send their son into a safe place and join the war 3) Poster advertising to stay healthy during the war

==10/10

==

**__Japanese Bombing of Pearl Harbor 5/4/12__**
a.what happened? b. What is the significance of the battle or attack? //**B. Summarizing**// Identify **Isoroku Yamamoto** and **McDouglas MacArthur**. Isoroku Yamamoto: one of Japan's greatest naval strategist. He led Japan through many naval battles. Isoroku called the attack on the U.S. McDouglas MacArthur: He was the commander of the U.S. and planned to take small islands around Japan one by one.

The cartoon is showing the League of Nations giving the path of the battle between Japan and China. The League of Nations is allowing the U.S. prevent Japan from invading China. The Cartoon shows the desperate faces of the powers in the League of Nations. They were giving the path to America because they knew America wanted revenge towards the Japanese for bombing Pearl Harbor. This cartoon displays Japanese expansion in a negative way.
 * Cartoon**
 * Let Sam do it**

This cartoon shows Uncle Sam and John Bull being carried by Asians. It displays the Europeans as indolent people who deserve the right to control Asians by ordering them with labor. Japanese people see this negatively and notify how Japanese expansion would discard this activity. This cartoon is positive towards Japanese expansion.
 * Japanese view of West**

This cartoon displays the power of Japan. The hand represents Japan and the paper being grasped by the hand represents the requests from the League of Nations. It clearly shows how Japan is resisting to take requests or orders from the League of Nations and decided to leave the League of Nations. This is positive to Japanese Expansion
 * Light of Asia**

This cartoon shows the incident when Japan tried to take over New Guinea in Australia. However, that plan was never achieved. Australia were able to hold off the Japanese. The cartoon says how they will defend their land by any cost. This is negative to Japanese expansion.
 * Japan in New Guinea**

1) Why did Japan attack the United States of America? Provide evidence from the source below in your answer. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor simply because they didn't agree to the United States decisions. They attacked Pearl Harbor to alert Americans. For example they wanted to prevent the American influences brought into the Pacific and China. Japan was always demanded by the U.S., for example when they were threatened to leave China. The U.S. kept a powerful navy in Pearl Harbor which gave Japan the opportunity to strike their navy. Bombing Pearl Harbor would strike fear into the Americans, forcing them out of China and encouraging them to make better decisions that would not disadvantage Japan.

=
2. Read this [|article] about Pearl Harbor. Briefly summarise the key events of the attack (before, during and after). (User ID is kis, PW is welcome) ===== Japan was planning to come to peace with America. However, secretly were planning to counterattack Pearl Harbor. Japanese airplanes were preparing for the bombing of Pearl Harbor. They were loading their planes with destructive bombs. While the Japanese planes were approaching, their were signs on the American radar. However, they were not sure of what was approaching them. The next thing they noticed was bombs falling with bullets penetrating American civilians. American ships were bombed and sunk. American soldiers were alerted and were not fully prepared to defend their bases. Many died due to the bombardment.

10/10

**__Battle of Britain 5/2/12__**

 * Podcast Notes**
 * Summer 1940 overran Poland, Denmark, Norway and France
 * Operation Sea Lion: Invasion of Britain
 * British army were forced out of Europe
 * German air force had many 15 hundred bomber aircraft and approximately a thousand fighter airplanes to protect them
 * Royal air force were outnumbered
 * Britain was determined and were provided with extra help
 * Britain had a special weapon called the radar which told distance and speed
 * Factories worked to produce aircrafts
 * Germans were ordered to attack radar stations
 * RAF attacked Berlin
 * Hitler ordered to attack London with air crafts and soon other cities were also bombed
 * Many British civilians were killed
 * Factories and homes were destroyed
 * September 15th: German aircraft were shot down while only 13 British aircrafts were destroyed
 * Germans were impressed by British air force and decided to postpone invasion plans of Britain

__**Questions**__ The Operation Sea Lion was known as the invasion of Britain by the Germans
 * 1.What was Operation Sea Lion?**

The battle did not look good because the British army were forced out of Europe with most of their weapons left behind. On the other hand Germany had a strong air force. Germans had around 1500 bomber aircraft with 1000 fighter planes protecting them. The British were outnumbered by only having 750 fighter planes.
 * 2.Why did the battle not look good for Britain?**

The British had a secret weapon called the radar which benefited them a lot. The radar created radio waves that transferred information of the distance, speed, and height of the Germany planes.
 * 3.What advantage did Britain have?**

Germany’s made a mistake by attacking London and other cities in Britain.
 * 4.What was Germany's mistake?**

Many British citizens were killed by the bombing and homes and factories were bombed. However, this aided Britain by giving time for the Royal Air Force to recover.
 * 5.What was the impact of the bombing of London? How did the bombing of London aid Britain's cause?**

The battle of Britain was significant for the Allies because Britain proved that they were still powerful enough to defend other powerful forces. They proved they were worthy of being an ally.
 * 6.Why was the outcome of the battle of Britain significant for the Allies?**

Although, Britain had a weaker military they were able to hold off German forces. Not only does Britain have soldiers in the battlefield, but they also had placed Civil defense in locals. Civilians from the age of 18 to 40 were able to join Local Defense Volunteers or the Home Guard. Joining this organization would allow them to protect their local factories and homes. The Civilians were well alerted. Britain also had a skilled air force called the Royal Air Force. The Royal Air Force had great communication between the British radar station. Radars were a huge advantage that the British had. Radars were able to track the distance, speed, and height of German air crafts. These advantages benefited Britain in battles between strong forces.
 * How were the British able to defend themselves from Germany?**

10/10

I believe the turning point for the allies was when they were stranded at Dunkirk. The allies were not able to defend the bombardment by the German forces. The allies were surrounded by Germans in a northern French city of Lille which caused them to retreat. The allies soon retreated to a beach called Dunkirk. The British were then forced to rescue the allies stranded on Dunkirk by send multiple ships. Before this all happened the allies looked at Germany as an weak force. However, after this incident the allies realized how Germany strengthened.
 * __Section 1 Assessment__**

Both leaders lead their army to invade Russia. They both were successful entering Russia and fought through many enemies. They were at the focal part of Russia. However, low temperature was not adapted to Hitler's army which caused many conflicts. Many Germans died and suffered, however Hitler was not able to accomplish much. For Napoleon he was also eager to claim Russia, however the temperature bothered his army which caused many deaths and no accomplishments. In the end they were both unsuccessful in invading Russia.
 * 8.) How were Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union similar?**

10/10

10/10
 * __Adolf Hitler and Europe__**

10/10
 * __Adolf Hitler Notes__**

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIEsdPTf9AA
 * __Oral Quiz #4__**

This video is also set as "private" so I cannot see it to grade it. Philip: I am sorry for the hold up. I did not notice it was private. I have changed the video settings to public.

Very well done, demonstrating a good understanding of Fascism. 10/10

__**Oral Quiz #3**__

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5aoYarFFVM

This video is set as "private" so I cannot see it to grade it. Philip: I am sorry for the hold up. I did not notice it was private. I have changed the video settings to public.

Very well done. Clearly explained and comprehensive. 10/10

__**Station 2: Newspaper Outline**__
//International Herald Tribune//
 * Title:** Message From Uncle Sam: We're All In This Together


 * Thesis:** The economic crisis in America has brought about immense international economic change, requiring nations to make reformations in their political and economic system to accommodate those affected by the depression.


 * 3 Topic Sentence**
 * Topic Sentence 1:** Not only did the suburban population suffer, but also the farmers were harmed by the economic crisis which caused starvation in the U.S.


 * Topic Sentence 2:** Foreign nations are being affected by the economic crisis in America.


 * Topic Sentence 3:** Due to bankruptcy, people cannot afford to live in their homes and as a result live on the roads or in small cabins.

//New York Times//
 * Title:** War with Poverty: Look Into These People's Eyes


 * Thesis:**The devastation that stroke Wall Street in 1929 is now affecting our fellow Americans, just look them in the eyes.


 * 3 Topic Sentence**
 * Topic Sentence 1:** Many unemployed people were desperate for a job in order to gain money and prevent starvation.


 * Topic Sentence 2:** Banks withdrew their funds and closed their doors, people had no access to their bank accounts.


 * Topic Sentence 3:** The Black Tuesday caused many people to become bankrupt with property they cannot afford.

__**Station 3: Great Depression Overview Notes**__


Your articles were supposed to be written as those these photos were taken NOW so should not be past tense. 9/10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtLGn5v4vRw
 * Oral Quiz: Why Chine was not always powerful 4/17/12**

This video is private so I cannot see it to grade it. Philip: I am sorry for the hold up. I did not notice it was private. I have changed the video settings to public.

This could be better organized. 9/10

__**3 Stations**__
The Treaty of Versailles added drastic problems to China. Chinese supported the allies and declared war against Germans. The Chinese hoped to gain foreign influence, however the Treaty of Versailles changed master to Japan. The parts of China controlled by Germans were handed towards the Japanese. Protests broke out in China. The rebels in China began to influence themselves to Marxism that happened in the Russian Revolution. A Communist Party was organized in China. One of the well known leaders was Mao Zedong. The Treaty of Versailles not only brought Japanese threat, but also began Communist organizations.
 * 4.) How did the Treaty of Versailles add to China's problems?**

**Chapter 1: Japan's Role in Asia**
From the Early 1600s to the mid-1800s, Japan was practically isolated from other countries. However, Japan did have relations with Korea and China and limited contact with Dutch traders. The isolation ended when Japan went through modernization during the Meiji era. The emperor at that time was Mutsuhito(1852-1912). He reigned for 45 years, from 1867 to 1912. Mutsuhito was eager to modernize Japan. He modeled the government after the strong central government of Germany. He also followed the German and British military system. The education systemwas influenced by the American schooling system. The country built railroads, constructed factories, and mined coals. In just a few years Mutsuhito was able to accomplish impressive achievements. Japan's industrial economy equaled almost any in the world. By 1890, Japan had the strongest military system in Asia. With these achievements, Japan began to be a influence to other like the European powers. Themodernized Japan won complete control over Korea and also surprised other powerful countries by defeating a strong military force.


 * < Emperor Mutsuhito: The emperor that lead the modernization of Japan** http://www.nndb.com/people/326/000131930/ **>**

In 1931, Japan invades Manchuria. The Japanese Kwangtung Army attacked the Chinese army in Manchuria. This assault was proved to be one of the causes of World War Two. The invasion of Manchuria brought blame into the League of Nations. The League of Nations demanded Japan to seize the invasion, however Japan refused and resigned from from the League of Nations. Japan believed that the invasion would be significant for them. The invasion of Manchuria showed a notable change in Japan's foreign policy, especially towards its colony in Korea. Japan wanted to achieve the rule over East Asia. Their strong determination caused them to enter World War Two. Japan was willing to compete in a geopolitical domination against the United States, Soviets, and other European powers. The effort of the Japanese military earned them Manchuria. The Japanese government set up a "puppet state of Manchuko" in order to maintain control of Manchuria.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mukden_1931_japan_shenyang.jpg **>**
 * < Japanese Troops: Japanese troops enter a part of China called Shenyang**

Japan used Manchuria for their vast natural resources and raw materials, which will support Japan to reach their further economic goals. The control of Manchuria caused Chinese and Korean to move around Japanese empires for labor. Koreans were moved into Manchuria to work in factories. Around 4 million Koreans and Chinese were move out of their homes. The 4 million scattered Koreans and Chinese were used for labor, their effort increased production for Japan.

During the 1920s and 1930s Japan was criticized by Western powers for its expansion, however in 1931 the criticism reached its highest level due to the invasion of Manchuria and influences to other powers. Japan had three options left in order to escape from the remainder of population. The Japanese official said " We are like a great crowd of people packed into a small and narrow room, and there are only three doors through which we might escape." The three ways that Japan might escape were namely emigration, advance into world markets, and expansion of territory. However, two ways were already shut towards Japan. The only path was to follow the remaining door. Although territorial expansion may sound dangerous, Japan does not speak of territorial expansion that involves occupation of other countries. They were speaking of searching for some place overseas that would allow Japanese skills and Japanese labor to have freedom from the abuse from the white race. At this time worlds joined the criticism of Japan. After the Manchurian incident, they said Japan was seen as an untrustworthy nation.




 * < Japan Expands Territory: Japan takes control over Korea and Taiwan** http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Japanese+imperialism+map&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&authuser=0&biw=1437&bih=780&tbm=isch&tbnid=NO1j-CuvJ6xaFM:&imgrefurl=http://www.uen.org/utahlink/tours/tourImage.cgi%3Fimage_id%3D39355%26tour_id%3D23104%26category_id%3D39121&docid=c_MZWTXPrbvz3M&imgurl=http://www.uen.org/utahlink/tours/loadimg.cgi%253Fp%253D/tour/23104/23104japcontrol.gif&w=530&h=441&ei=MCGGT7_bMY3NmAWW7qXEBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=658&vpy=144&dur=751&hovh=205&hovw=246&tx=180&ty=150&sig=114492683275794402502&page=1&tbnh=126&tbnw=151&start=0&ndsp=30&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:75 **>**


 * You were not actually supposed to FIND the images you would include -- just tell me what you would WANT TO include. Follow instructions please. 9/10**

Although they have both sacrificed many lives, I believe Mao has done a better job as a national leader for the country. As a matter of act Mao did lose many lives in order to modernize China. However, he put in effort such as in the Great Leap Forward. The Great Leap Forward was an attempt to improve the economic growth. To this day Mao Zedong is still looked upon as an influential leader with positive comments. He is mentioned in variety of shops such as in Gift shops and Restaurants. Restaurants still sell his favorites and gift shops sell souvenirs related with Mao. In Stalin's case, he is viewed today as an psychopathic person that loved slaughtering soviets. His paranoia gave him the eyes that everyone were enemies to him. It gave him fear, that caused deaths. In Russia he is still known for his negative actions.
 * Was Mao a better or worse national leader than Stalin?**

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gf4bEgiEnGw
 * Oral Quiz 4/10/12**

A very clear explanation of Capitalism and Communism. 10/10

==

__1.)Why the Russian Revolution happened in 1917?__
19th century capitalism and industrialization was very unorganized. Poor conditions and wages rise slowly. The emergence of large corporations whose owners take home the majority of wealth and whose workers share a small of profit cause the wealth gap to increase and tensions to rise. Marxism is introduced to Russian citizens which causes chaos. Workers violently revolt by overthrowing capitalism. Communism makes the government stronger by giving the rights to censor, abuse rights, and dictate. When Czhar Nicholas II is crowned, he makes awful decisions that create rebellions. His mistakes soon humiliates Russians which causes a rebellion towards him.

2.) **Stalin Podcast** media type="file" key="Joseph Stalin.m4a" width="264" height="22"

3.) This propaganda poster is trying to grab the citizens attention by advertising that Lenin is the road to success. With lenin's banner Russia were and will be victorious. Yes, I would find this piece of propaganda to be compelling because If I was a Russian, I would be desperate for a successful change. Before, Russia was dominated by Germany and had to give up land. Russia was in a crisis that startled many Russian. However, this propaganda poster would of made many Russians comfortable with the current situation.
 * 1. What is the message that this poster is trying to get out to the Russian people?**
 * 2. Do you find this piece of propaganda to be compelling? Why or why not?**

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==

__**Evaluating Decisions**__
The Treaty of Versailles was signed when each country that was involved until the end of the war came to a meeting in Versailles. Each ally country wanted something that benefited them in order to recover from the mass destruction due to the war. France was especially stubborn towards Germany. Germany had to owe France billions of money and alsace loraine which consisted of valuable resources. Germany's military was decreased and had to avoid French borders. The French wanted to humiliate the Germans. The United states that played a huge role did not desire anything, however the leader Woodraw Wilson wanted to prevent this war of happening again. Wilson mentioned peace proposals called the fourteen points. He then created a international association called the League of nations that would enable the men in power to meet together to discuss conflicts around the world.
 * How did the Treaty of Versailles reflect the different personalities and agendas of the men in power at the end of World War One?**

== You have not highlighted the most important points correctly. Otherwise, notes are complete and well done. 9.5/10 ==
 * "The Crisis in the Balkans", pp 409-410, and "Europe Plunges into War", pp 411-415**

==

Balkan Map Question 2/24/12
__Comparison of Map on wiki and European Alliance map__ The European alliance map shows the alliances of 1914 in Europe. The map consists of a legend that displays each countries alliances with each other. For example the allied powers are colored in green and the central powers are colored in purple. The neutral powers are represented in gray. On the other hand the map on the wiki represents the countries with symbols such as animals and industrial machines. The central powers are colored in black and are labeled as the Clanker. However, the allied powers are colored in brown and labeled as the Darwinist. The neutral powers are colored in red and are labeled as the Neutral. The map on wiki shows more depth because it shows how Austria Hungary is harming the Serbians while Russia is supporting Serbia by being symbolized as bear and biting Austria Hungary. It also shows Germany fend off both threats from France and Germany by pointing weapons to both countries.

__Comparison of map of European Alliances and map of Balkan Peninsula__ The European alliance map displays the alliances of 1914 in Europe. The map contains of a legend that displays each countries alliance with each other. On the other hand the Balkan Peninsula map does not show the alliances. The map shows the different regions that contains Slavic groups.Slavic groups were present in Russia, Bulgaria, and Austria Hungary, Bosnia and Serbia. As shown in the map, Bosnia consisted of many Slavs that Serbia wanted to unite with.

Serbia was a country that mostly consisted of Slavs. Serbia staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina because they had many Slavic groups and wanted to unite each other. However, Austria-Hungary prevented Serbia from approaching Bosnia and Herzegovina. Russia wanted to help Serbia further claim Bosnia and Herzegovina because claiming Bosnia Herzegovina would give Russia access to a warm port that would allow them to perform mass trade. Also, if Serbia claims Bosnia and Herzegovina it would connect with France that gives the allied powers the advantage to surround Germany and Austria Hungary. In order for Germany and Austria-Hungary to not get bombarded by the allied powers they resisted any moves for Bosnian secession from Austria-Hungary.
 * Why might Serbia have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina? Why might Russia have been interested in helping further that claim? Why would Germany and Austria-Hungary have resisted any moves for Bosnian (used to mean Bosnia and Herzegovina) secession from Austria-Hungary?**

10/10-late penalty for more than 3 days late = 6/10

==

Impact of Nationalism due by 2/17/12
their differences for the common good
 * Positive Results || Negative Results ||
 * - People in a nation overcoming

- The removal of colonial rule

- Democratic government in nations created throughout the world

-Competition between nations scientific and technological advances || -Minority cultures were forced into a nation's majority culture

- Ethnic cleansing

- Rise of extreme nationalistic movements

- Competition between nations lead to wars || I think nationalism has had a more positive impact on the world. As negative results, warfare occurs between nations, extreme nationalistic movement rise, minority cultures are forced into majority cultures, and the cleansing of ethnics. Although the negative results sound more crucial, the results are not long term results comparing to positive results. The removal of colonial rule offered peace to countries that were under colonial rule such as Africa. As the removal of colonial rule made progression democratic governments were created in nations that were freed from colonial rule. Creating a democratic government in a nation would make the people within the nation pleasant and happy. The democratic government would not only make decisions by themselves, but also involve the people in the nation and take note of their opinions. Competing among nations scientific and technological advancement would make a huge development. Competing each other gave nations the determination to be better than other nations. As a result, it would allow the nations scientific and technology to improve which gives the nations more superior power.
 * Do you think nationalism has had a more positive or negative impact on the world? Support your opinion with evidence.**

Unification: This refers to a movement that involves politically different groups that are trying to combine their institutions due to sharing similar territories.
 * //1. Using the table above, explain the characteristics of each type of Nationalistic movement in your own words.//**

Separation: This refers to a movement that involves a particular ethnicity or cultural group trying to secede from a state.

State-building: This refers to a movement that involves a particular ethnicity of cultural group trying to create a new state, and establishing the state based on one culture.

Since the Austrian Empire and Ottoman Empire were declining gradually, the rise of nationalism would have encouraged the unification of a new country among these empires. However, since these empires were becoming weaker, they were vulnerable to the dominance of other nations that were rising as a result of unification. For example, parts of the Ottoman Empire were conquered and unified under Italy due to the empire’s decline. The rise of nationalism would have triggered these crumbling empires to begin their own movements to improve their country and modernize their political, economic, and social system.
 * //2. What do you think would have happened to the empires (e.g. Austrian Empire, Ottoman Empire) during the rise of nationalism?//**

__**Key Skill: Analyzing Political Cartoons**__ "Right Leg in the Boot at Last" 1.The cartoonist uses a boot to symbolize Italy. Garibaldi wished to unify Italy, therefore portraying Garibaldi helping the king of Italy wear his boot on his right leg shows how Italy is under one ruler.

2.Garibaldi is portrayed as a humble associate of the king. He is shown as a loyal server of the king as he kneels down and helps the king. Garibaldi is depicted as a revolutionary who unified Italy and helped Italy settle under the king’s rule.

3.The title of the cartoon “Right Leg in the Boot as Last” suggests Garibaldi’s immense efforts to unify Italy and finally settle the country under the king’s rule. The cartoonist is indicating a sense of relief in the title since they had been longing for the unification of Italy.

__**CASE STUDY: Germany**__ On your own, read about the unification of Germany (online textbook pgs 261-263). 1) Create a flow chart that shows the key events that led the unification of Germany.

2) Looking at the map on page 263, answer the two geography skillbuilder questions. I noticed that the majority of Prussia was joined after Prussian movements. The land annexed by Prussia in 1866 and the territory that joined Prussia in 1867 are disorganized and apart from each other. I also noticed that Prussia in 1865 was separated from each other by a border.
 * 1. //Location// What was unusual about the territory of Prussia as it existed in 1865?**

After 1865, the movement when Southern German states joined Prussia to form German empire in 1871.
 * 2. //Movement// After 1865, what year saw the biggest expansion of Prussian territory?**

3) Design a national symbol for the newly formed Germany. Include symbols that best represent the spirit or values of the German people at this time. Write a short paragraph explaining your symbol and its significance. The oak leaves represent the heroism of Germany. The iron cross behind the sun symbolizes the German military that was able to unify during the Franco Prussian war which was the final stage of the German unification. The black eagle symbolizes another form of the German kaiser of the German empire. The sun represents the rise of a new era of Germany after the unification.

The symbol is well created and well explained. The cartoon is not completely understood. What are the implications of Garibaldi, who fought for Italy's unification, KNEELING and helping the king with his boots? Would you do that? What is the significance of the placement of Garibaldi's sword? 19/20

Where is your analysis of the three maps? 0/10

==

Case Study Assessment due by 2/15/12

 * Terms & Names **
 * 1. Sepoys: ** formally the designation given to an indian soldier in the service of a European power. The Sepoys were hired by the trade company. The Sepoys were raged because they felt like the British were violating their religious laws and customs.

**2. Sepoy Mutiny:** The Sepoy mutiny was a turning point for British rule in India. The mutiny was first started when the Indians caused violence against the British Rule. The mutiny disagreed with the way the British handled their cultures and traditions.

**3. Congress Party:** A group that was formed when the first meeting of the Indian National Congress was held. The Congress Part was the first political group that contained members exposed to Western education and ideas. The party was first concerned about the equal rights for Indians, however at the same time they honored loyalty to the British crown. Eventually this part became much more nationalistic.


 * 4.Mohandas K. Gandhi: ** An Indian who believed in Hinduism. Gandhi shared nationalistic ideas to common people of India. He was a important figure that played significant roles of holding protests against the British. Gandhi encouraged non violent non cooperation. The citizens of India were truly influenced by Gandhi's ideas which brought successful results and potential independence to India. Gandhi was assassinated in January 1948.


 * 5. Muhammad Ali Jinnah:** Unlike Gandhi, Muhammad Ali Jinnah believed is Muslim. However they were both Indian nationalists. Jinnah turned the Muslim League as a political party. He attempted to unify the tension between the Muslim and Hindu, however failed. He soon was named Pakistan's first leader.

1.) The four factors that supported Britain to conquer India, Britain had a well sustained military system that was experienced and organized. The Indian armies that opposed were usually poorly equipped comparing to the British. Britain's navy was especially well known for their strength. The Industrial Revolution helped the military system by developing weapons that were more efficient. Second, there were internal conflicts inside India since India was far from uniting each other they consisted of many kingdoms that fought each other for power.Britain was given the opportunity to support a kingdom in struggle in exchange for land, loyalty, and trade rights (etc.). Third, the British were very wealthy. They were able to invest money into their military and into Indian Kingdoms. On the other hand, Indians were divided into kingdoms and had limited money and soldiers. Lastly, the British had a good government system that was well organized.
 * Main Ideas**

2.) The cause of the Sepoy Mutiny was because the Indians were forced by the British to perform behaviors that violated Indian religious customs, which offended Indians. As a result the British government was able to handle the rule of India through the East India Company.

3.) The group that promoted the Indian independence are the Congress Party and the Muslim League. They eventually lead Pakistan and India into independence. Gandhi's ideology of civil disobedience and non-violence promoted the independence of India.

4.) Gandhi's Four Principles 1. Live as simply as possible, never striving for material reward 2. Be tolerant of the religious beliefs of others 3. Devote one's life to the service of others 4. Battle injustice in all its forms, but never by resorting to violence

5.) Muhammad Ali Jinnah was known as the "the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity". He made a significant movement that would be remembered to Muslims. He fought for Muslims minority rights. He believed that it was best for Muslims to work with Hindus for Indian nationalism. After the refusal of the unification of Hindus and Muslim he decided to create a nation called Pakistan.

6.) The documents that are pro british are documents B,C,D,E, and I. The rest of the document are all pro Indian.
 * Document**

7.) Document H lists the laws of the constitution within the sections of rights to equality and right to freedom. In right to freedom is states that "Untouchability" should be abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. I think this would help equality for lower class level in Indian society because obviously if Untouchability is present then lower level class would be treated with discomfort.

8.) I think British colonization had a lasting impact on the people of India. This impact both had negative and positive factors. The positive effects were that India and Pakistan gained independence. For example in document G is a speech that was announced before India and Pakistan gained independence. In document L it shows how independence of India was successful for 50 years. Also, India under British rule was able to come up with a constitution with democratic perspective of right of equality and right to freedom. The negative effects were that India was under British rule which divided India into many Kingdoms. Also, in document F it shows that the conquer of India was only done for the British's benefits.

9.) The main cause of the cultural conflict between Britain and India started when Britain arrived in India and started to abuse India's culture and traditions. For example the British used animal grease of cows and pigs and smeared it on cartridges for the rifles. Hindu's viewed cows as sacred animals and Muslims were not allowed to eat pork. The Indians felt offended and started a mutiny towards the British. Also, Indians were considered second class people to the British which caused social discriminations.
 * Critical Thinking**

10.) Positive effects of British rule were that India was able to develop their technology. Developing their technology gave advantages to Indian urbanization. Advanced technology gave the Indians machines that worked much more efficiently. Negative effects of British rule were that India was discriminated by their cultural and traditional aspects. British had assumptions that the Indian race was a "inferior race". The British also thought that if they mix their society with Indian society, the Indian confidence in British rule would be weakened.

11.) Gandhi encouraged for non violent non cooperation. His four principles were effective to Indians because it did not require any violence. His four principles are to live as simply as possible,never striving for material reward, Be tolerant of the religious beliefs of others, Devote one's life to the service of others, and Battle injustice in all its forms, but never by resorting to violence. He stated that following these principles and refusing to obey the British government would cause the British government to weaken and not gain any wealth.

12.) The Muslims wanted to separate their nation from Hindus because the tensions increased between the two groups. The muslims believed that they were the minority of India. The muslims were not capable of publicly releasing their voices to society. On the other hand, Hindu's dominated the Congress Party. The Hindu's represented by the Congress Party were able to release their voice in society. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a big inspiration to the Muslims. He supported the Muslims and put himself responsible for the Muslim League. He attempted to unify Hindu's and Muslims, but failed due to the refusal of the Congress Party. This lead the Muslims to separate themselves from the nation.

13.) India had two groups, the Hindus and the Muslims. These two groups were not able to unify each other under British rule which created conflicts. Jinnah failed to unify the Muslim League with the Congress Party which cause both groups to request for independence. India and Pakistan then gained independence. Pakistan consisted of two Muslim regions, East Pakistan and West Pakistan. Due to the division of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Ceylon were able to gain independence.

20/20

==

Global Impact of Imperialism due by 2/14/12
China's trade because China was self sufficient
 * Notes on Imperialism in Asia:** **//Reactions to Imperialism//**
 * < China ||< Japan ||< United States of America ||
 * < - Difficult for Western countries to attempt opening

- Great Britain figured a solution using drugs and caused a Opium war.

- The victory over the Chinese forced them to open trade

- Taiping rebellion happened which was lead by Hong Xiuquan

- Taiping target was to make Utopia

- The modernization of China failed because many still held traditional values

- Other countries were able to take over china due to the failure of modernization

- The U.S made the open door policy to resist other nations to take over China. The open door policy opened trade to all merchants

- Boxer rebllion happened due to another failure. They rebelled about extraterritorial rights. ||< - Japan was threatened by the U.S with lettersto open trade. Japan eventually opened trade

- Mutsuhito took over control of the government due to the unhappy people with the Shogun opening the trade.

- Mutisuhiot called his reign Meiji era, in other words the enlightened rule

- He tried to modernize Japan by sending people to other nations to accept things Japan was in need for.

- Japan's modernization was successful. ||< - Spanish America War of 1898: Between U.S. and Spain

- The U.S. defeated the Spanish

- Guam, Puerto Rico,and Philippines, were given to the U.S.

- Cuba was set free according to the treaty

- Jingoism happened in the U.S. Jingoism: Extreme patriotism

- America's new industrial based economy needed new markets

- The media encouraged the U.S Congress to declare war themselves. This benefits the media because news papers will be sold more often.

- The U.S. agreed with Spain to pay them a $20 million of insurance and protection.

- The U.S. obtained a Pacific empire

- Teller Amendment: promising Cuba Independence

- The U.S wanted markets protected by the worldwide navy based on island territories.

- Protestant ideal to educate and "Christianize" different ethnic groups.

- The U.S turned isolationism to imperialism ||

Political Carton Analysis: China, Korea, and United States
http://www.politicalforum.com/humor-satire/104281-chinese-political-cartoons-5.html 1.) This image would be considered as anti imperialism. In the image it represents their country by using animals that symbolizes their nation. For example Germany being the black eagle and Belgium being represented by a lion. All the countries shown in the image are fighting over China. The image shows fear of influence because the dead dragon symbolizes China. All the other animals representing imperialist nations are trying to divide it, so they can have a piece of China. 2.) The dragon shown in the image represent China's native people. In the image it displays that the dragon is exhausted from the imperialists countries trying to dive china. As shown, the dragon is positioned in the center which usually receives the most attention. The dragon is currently dragging attention from the imperialist countries. 3.) The imperialist countries are fighting over the division of China. They want it to be equal to one another. 4.) The author conveys that while China is distracted by Opium the imperialist countries are going to divide China equally to each of them.This political cartoon costs imperialism.

http://www.dokdo-takeshima.com/koreas-political-situation-dokdo 1.) This image is anti imperialism because the Russian man wearing the Ushanka and the Japanese man with the chonmage hairstyle is pulling the man in the middle with ropes. The man in the middle represents Korea. The korean man is being suffocated by the ropes strangling his waist. 2.) Korea is displayed as a important role. Being smothered by the two countries in the middle Korea has to make a big decision of what country to side with. 3.) Russia and Japan are fighting over Korea for greater control. 4.) The author conveys that their are sometimes tensions between two imperialist countries.

http://bergetoons.blogspot.com/2010_08_01_archive.html 1.) This image is pro imperialism because it shows how the american man is idealized and civilized and the Hawaiians, Chinese, and Puerto Ricans being uncivilized. 2.) It shows how the americans were civilized and educated. In the image on the board it says civilization plus education equals success. This is delivering that americans were successful by being civilized and educated. 3.) The students in the class are vey distracted. However, people in the back are very focused. In that period the less educated and civilized people had to sit in the front. These people were usually from the Pacific islands. 4.) The author conveys the difference between uncivilized and civilized people.

Economic Imperialism
Feudalism is a social system where the nobles and the lower class are paid to provide protection for the hierarchy. By protecting the hierarchy, the nobles and lower class perform military services. Mercantilism is a system where economy is based on trade. Mercantilism produced wealth by trading with others. In Feudalism and Mercantilism only the wealthy were able to benefit themselves instead of giving advantages to the whole social system. On the other hand, capitalism is based on free markets and buying or selling to pump the economy. During capitalism there will be less conflicts because of the free markets. In Capitalism only the individuals that are competitive are able to succeed and earn wealth.
 * 1) Feudalism and mercantilism were two economic systems that preceded capitalism. Review and summarize (in your own words) how they generated wealth. How does capitalism DIFFER from these two systems?**

According to the lecturer, The improvement of fossil fuels, imperialism, and colonialism drives capitalism.
 * 2) According to this lecturer, what forces drive capitalism?**

Hmm. I'm not sure you have quite got the difference between mercantilism and capitalism. Isn't the latter also "based on trade"? I also have a problem with your analysis of the cartoons -- mostly the language used to express the meaning. You need to use words like "conveys" and "costs of imperialism" more precisely. The grammar issue makes it difficult to convey your meaning. 16/20

==

The Scramble for Africa
= Task 1: = Discuss table from the Reading on Imperialism with a partner.

__Task 2: Scramble for Africa__
Take a look at the map below (or online text pp 343) In 1914 Britain and France controlled the largest section of Africa. The British controlled Egypt, Nigeria, Anglo Egyptian Sudan and the Union of South Africa. On the other hand the French controlled the entire west Africa.
 * 1) Which countries controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914?**

I think these two countries were able to conquer the largest area of Africa because they were able to adapt to Imperialism faster which allowed them to control more areas than other countries.
 * 2) Why do you think these countries had the largest area of Africa?**

= Task 3: = //Watch the video below and continue to add to your notes. Make sure that you include the long term impacts of Colonization as well.// = Task 4: = For more information read [|**European Imperialism in Africa (Overview)**] on ABC Clio (user id is **kis**, pw is **welcome**) and answer the questions below 1) What was the Berlin Conference? The Berlin Conference was a meeting requested by Portugal and was organized by Otto von Bismarck, the first Chancellor of Germany. In the conference they decided to end the competition of Africa's resources and divide Africa into colonies. Portugal, Belgium, Italy , Spain, France, Great Britain, and the U.S were involved in this conference.

2) What were the three outcomes of the conference? In the conference they agreed on three outcomes. First, any colony with supreme power should inform other powers before they claim territory. Second, any sort of annexation should be verified by a powerful occupation. Lastly, treaties with African rulers were to be considered as a reasonable title to authority.

= Task 5: = __**Key Skill: Analyzing Political Cartoons (ask the teacher for the handout)**__ Look through the 'Images of Imperialism' handout. For //__**each**__// of the images answer the following questions //__**using evidence from the image**__// to support your ideas.
 * //NOTE: You really need to analyze why an Artist has used certain images or words. Remember: a picture is worth a 1000 words!!!//**

1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know? 2) What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations? 3) What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists? 4) What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//**OR**//__ costs of imperialism?

Image #1 1.) Britain anti imperialism because it shows John Bull a national personification of England dehumanizing South Africa and Rhodesia. 2.) On Africa it is labeled Gold Fields which represents Africa as a gold source. 3.) The British convey a ominous threat toward Africa. The shadows of John Bull symbolize the threat. 4.) The author conveys a message that costs of imperialism because he illustrated about anti imperialism.

Image #2 1.) Europe (Britain) Pro because the white man's burden which is moral responsibility. 2.) The African children behind the white man show a message of hierarchy 3.) The white man is viewed as some kind of guide to the African children 4.) The author conveys the white man as a guidance. This means the white man is doing a good deed.

Image #3 1.) Europe Anti imperialism because King Leopold ll figured as a snake is harming a less sophisticated and weaker African. 2.) Africans are harmed by Imperialism 3.) King Leopold is dehumanized and is the source of the harm to the Africans 4.) The author conveys the message that costs of imperialism is harm to others

Image #4 1.) British Anti imperialism because it shows how Asia and India are less civilized and the British are the supreme power. 2.) In W. it shows the ignorance of Africans. The things that the British do is justified. 3.)In N. it shows that British is modern comparing to Asia and India. In I. it displays the British doing whatever they want in India such as shooting animals. 4.) The author conveys the message that costs of imperialism is showing that Asia and India is less civilized

Image #5 1.) American Pro imperialism because it shows how the man wearing the glasses is idealized. 2.) The Africans and Asians are being educated by the American 3.) America has responsibility to teach. Spreading culture through education. During the Spanish War Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Cuba were given to the U.S 4.) This image benefits imperialism because it shows how educated the Americans were.

Image #6 1.) Britain Anti imperialism because the Eagle is looking down on the Africans as less civilized people. 2.) The Africans are trying to defend their rights from the eagle that represents Germany. 3.) The Eagle represents Germany. During that period Britain was a huge enemy to Germany. The Germans want to boast their wealth toward the uncivilized Africans. 4.) The author wanted to deliver that the Africans wanted to defend their rights toward Germans or other European countries.

Image #7 1.) America anti imperialism because in the background I can see lynching of black people. 2.) They were victims being lynched or harmed. 3.) William Mikinley in the image is showing his tendency of claiming more land while Africans suffer. 4.) The message conveys the Plessy v. Ferguson which is the segregation in Southern States. William Mikinley is busy with the segregation rather then taking care of the Africans.

You need to work on improving your understanding of political cartoons. Keep practicing this. 26/30

__Excerpts "On the Origin of Species" by Charles Darwin due by 2/8/12__

 * Document-Based Question: Do Darwin’s theories apply to culture and society? Why or why not? Use the excerpts above and strong examples to support your points.**

=
The theories mentioned in Darwin's excerpts apply to culture and society. In Chapter III: Struggle for Existence it discusses about the struggle for life. It states that how nature is not informed by others, therefore they are mostly slaughtered by their predators. Many species suffer from hunger and being unprovided with shelter. A lot of species consume similar food and use the same shelter which causes chaos between the species. One example from the excerpt says“The recent increase of the missel-thrush in parts of Scotland has caused the decrease of the song-thrush.” This concept applies to us because we also compete for power. The ability of having power can allow the country to regulate better for example having more territory with oil, however countries fight over the territory in order to gain power. "Natural Selection" and "Survival of the Fittest" also applies to our society. Only the strongest in society survives and has a better chance of living. Imperialism is another example of only the strongest surviving. Strong colonies are capable of colonizing weak countries. The country with most variations becomes the strongest. Having more variations causes them to have benefits over other countries. For example if two people are competing in a talent show and one person has more various talents than the other person, then he will definitely win the competition.=====

== = Really? "Only the strongest in society survive"? I hope not! 9/10
 * Age of Imperialism Chart**

= =__"The White Man's Burden" due by 2/6/12__= Rudyard Kipling's description in this poem displays the responsibility in conquering undeveloped countries such as Africa. The white men tried to convince uncivilized places that they were improving, however the white men were just benefiting themselves.
 * What is “The White Man’s Burden” based on Rudyard Kipling’s description in this poem?**

I disagree with Kipling's characterization of the undeveloped countries because although the white people are conquering non civilized countries to satisfy them it is only benefiting the wealthy country. It benefits the wealthy country by expanding their territory.
 * Do you agree or disagree with Kipling’s characterization? Why or why not?**

The attitude of Europeans and Americans showed something similar to this poem during the mid 1800 -early 1900's. America and Europe stimulated to change uncivilized countries into civilized countries through technology. In the poem it mentions how uncivilized countries are change through technology.
 * What does this say about the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800 - early 1900’s? Use specific examples from the poem.**

KIS is definitely an example of "The White Man's Burden because the education taught in KIS is very different comparing to Korean public schools. Korea International School's education is similar to the education system in the U.S. Teachers from different countries travel to Korea to give us education at KIS.
 * Is KIS an example of “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean society? Why or why not?**

9.5/10 =

= =__**Document Based Question Due by 2/3/12**__=

1. Both men had different social status. Andrew Carnegie was a multimillionaire industrialist with strong confidence in the growth of American industry. In his source he states that America’s home market is the best comparing to other markets of the world. However, Friedrich Engels a coauthor of //The Communist Manifesto// and manager of a textile company thought differently. He was experienced with slums. Engels displayed his interpretability of the effect of industrialization. These two men had different unique thoughts that were clearly disagreeable.
 * Why would Andrew Carnegie (Source B) and Friedrich Engels (Source C) disagree about the effects of industrialization?**


 * What might be reasons for 16-year-old Mary Paul’s (Source A) satisfaction with her job and life in Lowell?**

=
2. Although, she is a young teenager unexperienced with many chances for jobs outside the factory. She enjoys her lifestyle spinning looms along with her friends in the factory. However, she undergoes horrible working conditions such as breathing in cotton. Despite this negative condition she is very skilled with the loom at a young age. Being a skilled worker earns her more companions in the factory that assist her.=====

3. The cartoon by Walter Crane allows the audience to visualize the power of Socialism over Capitalism. In the cartoon it shows a vampire bat that symbolizes Capitalism assaulting a laborer. On the other hand, the angel that symbolizes Socialism displays only good features. This cartoon is a good example for the workers to determine the difference between Capitalism and Socialism. It will definitely give the workers a positive view on Socialism.
 * Why might the political cartoon by Walter Crane (Source D) be useful in getting workers to rally to the cause of socialism?**

Really good answers, Philip! 10/10 =

= =__**4 Questions due by 2/1/12**__=
 * Would Marx have agree that these countries were "communist"?**
 * No,Marx would have not agreed these countries were communists because he thought communism would occur in industrialized countries. The countries in the image were not industrialized, therefore they were not communist.


 * What has happened to the "communist" world (once called the "Second World", to distinguish it from the "First World" -- wealthy capitalist countries, and the "Third World" -- poor countries)? Why do you think this has happened?**
 * Communism in reality became very different from Marx’s theory on communism. Communism in places were influenced by culture. Marx thought that culture, religion, and politics would not give an impact on communist. This caused different communism in each communist country. As a result it became in each country and communism was unable to follow the original plan thought by Marx. Communism needs a industrial revolution, however parts of the world like Africa did not have communism. Communism was supposed to be world wide, however Capitalism was too strong.

==
 * What do you think of the idea that the growing gap between the rich and poor in the industrialized world never materialized (see p. 270) because of the Union movement (the formation of trades unions who unite to demand better working conditions for workers) and reform laws (to improve conditions for workers, eg. safety requirements, limits on the length of the working day, minimum wages)?**
 * I agree that that Union movement had a impact because unions allowed membership only to the talented laborers. The Union was related to this. More public education and new types of jobs created by the new technology allowed more to enter the middle class.

==

Reading Assignment (pg.289-294)

 * Read (and take notes if you wish!) pp 289-294 in your online textbook (or pp 258-262 hard copy). Then answer the following question on your gallery page:

The Industrial revolution was introduced to many different regions. This revolution particularly developed the technology of a certain region. From this movement more goods were produced at a higher quality than before. Industrialization also created long term effects. Workers gained higher wages that benefited them, Suburbs grew, and Housing, diet, and clothing improved. Although, development was made in technology they were risking many lives. They lacked in high quality housing, education, and police protection. Workers lived in dark and dirty shelters that caused various of diseases for the workers. Many workers were injured by machines for example a boiler explodes or a drive belt might catch an arm. Injuries developed into infection which was not often nursed.Not only adults were utilized as workers, but children were also used for labor. The employers of the factories used children because of their small size. They were able to do jobs that were unavailable for adults. ==
 * 1) The Industrial Revolution, and the urbanization that accompanied it, have been described as a mixed blessing. To what extent to you agree with this statement?

==

**Photo Essay (pg.65-pg.72) due by 1/25 Wednesday**
After reading the text and analyzing the pictures I felt a lot of sorrow for the children back in those days that had to work under companies. Children back in the 1820s were not often granted with freedom. They had to work for Employers and suffer through intense labor. For me, intense labor is doing homework and cleaning my room, however harsh labor for children in the 1820s was sewing and knotting carpets, working in mine shafts, and fixing broken threads under machines, selling manufactured goods on streets. Children were not only stressed by the hard work, but also physically abused by the employers. Most children living in the 21st century are not treated with abuse. I believe it is unacceptable physically abusing young children that still need to develop. Children were treated with same diseases that the adults caught while working in the factory. By the nineteenth century children protested wearing banners that said “Abolish Child Slavery”. This protest was reasonable because at this point they needed to show their feelings toward child labor. I realized how children were utilized with cruelty in the 1820s and were not given work that was suitable for them.

==

==

__Glogster propaganda poster 11/16/11__
http://pybae97.edu.glogster.com/catherine-the-great/
 * Catherine the Great**

__Absolutism 4 Questions 11/15/11__
Absolutism is a political system in which the monarch has absolute authority over a centralized government. There is no legal checks against the monarchs ability to make and enforce his/her decisions in state matter.
 * 1) **What is absolutism?**

Justification as divine right is ancient and Biblical sources. This is legally defined by Jaques Benigne Bossuet. The absolutist power is given directly by god. In the absolutism society, going against the king is basically going against god. The monarch was god’s representative in Earth.
 * 2.)Explain the justification for absolutism referred to as the 'divine right of kings'.**

Three reasons caused the rise of Absolutism in Europe. Political theory ,a strong leader needed to stabilize a chaotic society, and nation states were getting incredibly wealthy. Changin into the modern era put high stress on society and state. The innovations of modernity and medieval continuities lead to confusion. People in society depended on the monarch to solve problems. Theorist such as Thomas Hobbes and Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet wrote political treaties that heavily influenced kings and their courts. They also provided theoretical justification for absolutism. Europe went through chaotic times during 14th-16th century. Protestant reformation,weakening influence of church, and religious wars. People were desperate for the monarch to order and control. The monarch created a large bureaucracy to strengthen the state against disorder. During the 15th-17th century the nation became unimaginably wealthy through mercantilist economy. In order to protect the economy the kings took greater control.
 * 1) **List the causes of the rise of Absolutism in Europe.**

__Spain:__ Charles V ruled over the Holy Roman Empire and Spain had the support of the pope. The Protestant reformation threatened his kingdom, so his son Philip the second gained power to depend against enemies of the church and Spain. He was capable of conquering the neighboring Portugal.
 * 4) Explain briefly how absolutism developed in**

__France:__ Absolutism emerged as a way for the monarch to control rebellious nobles, especially after the frondes and uprising of nobles against Louis XIII. Son, Luis XIV made sure to strengthen power using absolutist theories, controlling nobility, and controlling the economy and attacking Huguenots.

__England:__ Tudor kings began to increasingly centralize power, but they still had to work with the Parliament. Stuart kings began to declare themselves as absolutists and Charles even dissolves Parliament. Stuart absolutism cause Parliament and English citizens to protest, which lead to a english civil war. England never became fully absolutist.

__Russia:__ Ivan III centralizes power and expands Russian land. Peter I entrenches absolutism by importing Western European political ideas and copying western governments. Also he suppresses the church,expands the army,and start national economy

==

==

__**Speed Dating Project 11/9/11 by Philip Bae**__
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q35rAuvYH4E&feature=player_embedded

==

__**Welcome to Philip Bae's world :)**__
//Port 1, 2, 3 Group Project by Phillip Bae & Samuel Lee//
 * October 24th,2011**

** PORT 1 : Getting ready for the voyage - Start your EXPLORER'S JOURNAL (which you need to create with partner) with your CORNELL notes from Chapter 3, Section 1 of MWH pp. 92-101.** = Cornell Notes: = = Next add your discussion of these questions: =


 * __The Age of Exploration:Would you go?__ **


 * __Before You Leave__**

Your final task before leaving for the long voyage is FOR BOTH to look up **ONE** piece of new navigation technology you will be using so that you can teach your partner about how you will be using it. //**THIS INFORMATION COULD SAVE YOUR LIVES!**// Simply, search for ONE of the following tools and write a few sentences describing WHAT the instrument is and HOW it is used. (You can also look at p. 97 in your text to get you started.)


 * //Compass://** //A compass is a navigational device that displays directions and points out the direction that you are heading to. The direction consists of North, South, East, and West. The first compass was invented by the Chinese during Qin Dynasty (221-206 B.C.E).//

//Citation:// http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/a/Compass.htm


 * //Port 2: Starting the voyage//**
 * On your map, make sure that you include:**
 * **Legend/Key that shows each of the explorers and their journey. Give each a different color or a different map.**
 * Use [|__MARKUP__]
 * Use [|__Blank Maps from About.com__]or [|__National Geographic World Map__]
 * On your wikipage provide a link to the above map or maps, **then...**

= *** We have completed this drawing of the map on a hard copy.** =


 * Create a chart with the following important information needed so we can keep track of everyone in the race**


 * Explorer's full name and country sponsoring the exploration
 * Dates of voyage(s)
 * Size of fleet
 * And most importantly a summary of their (AND YOUR) discoveries/achievements and/or results of each journey. (I should see both positive AND negative results of their voyages!)

__//Citation://__ Internet History Sourcebooks."FORDHAM.EDU. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct. 2011. . Pickering, Keith. "The First Voyage of Columbus." //The Columbus Navigation Homepage//. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. . "Hernando Cortes." //Carpe Noctem - Seize the Night//. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. . "Vasco da Gama." //ELIZABETHAN ERA//. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. . "Hernan Cortes ." //Explorers of the Millennium//. Sherwood Elementary School, n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. .
 * = Name of the explorer ||= Country that sponsors the exploration ||= Size of fleet ||= Summary of the expedition ||
 * = Christopher Columbus ||= Spain ||= 3 ships ||= Columbus and the crews sailed out of a Spanish port around August 3, 1492 and headed west to find the alternate route to India. On October 12, 1492, they finally reached one island. Columbus claimed the island for Spain and named it San Salvador. However, Columbus miscalculated that they were in India, instead of new world (America). ||
 * = Vasco da Gama ||= Portugal ||= 170 men ||= Vasco da Gama and his brothers sailed from Lisbon with total of 150 crews (4 ships). On November 22, 1497, Vasco da Gama and his crews reached Cape of Good Hope in Africa. On January, 1498, they reached the mouth of Zambezi. During the journey, they were attacked by Arabs. On May 20, 1498, they finally reached India, their destination. ||
 * = Hernando Cortes ||= The Spanish governor of Cuba ||= Fleet of eleven ships ||= In 1504, on age of 19, Hernando Cortes went to the Santo Domingo island (now Dominican Republic). In 1519, he persuaded Spanish governor of Cuba to let him lead the expedition to Mexico. With 600 men force and few horses, Hernando and his crews arrived in Mexico. At first, the Aztec King welcomed them, however, they later get kicked out from Tenochtitlan. Hernando and his crews rejoined and conquered Tenochtitlan. Later, they built Mexico City which becomes one of the important cities in North America. ||
 * = Philip Bae and Samuel Lee ||= Netherlands ||= 2 ships with 100 crew members ||= In 1510, Samuel, Phillip, and their 100 crew members leaves the port in Amsterdam and heads towards the west. The mission of this expedition is to seek for luxurious and useful goods such as gold, tobacco, and cotton. ||

=__ **Port 3** __=


 * ==== Identify the causes of African slavery. ====
 * ==== Explain the Triangular Trade Route. ====
 * ==== Identify the consequences of the slave trade. ====



__**Task 2**__

[[file:Page 137-141 Cornell notes Voyage-PhilipBae&SamuelLee.pages]]
= = = = = PORT 4: The East isolates itself from this Western exploration nonsense. Not everyone was excited to meet new people. China and Japan are good examples of countries who wanted to preserve their culture more than anything else...SO, let's find out why they really do NOT want you or your ships in their harbors! =

Task 1: ** Source Analysis **
__ Japan __ Author: One of the Tokugawa shogunate family member wrote this letter. During this period the shogun was Tokugawa Iemitsu (1623-1651). I assumed Tokugawa Iemitsu wrote this document because he was the shogun during this time period. Iemitsu was the third shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty. He was the eldest son of Tokugawa Hidetada. In the 1630s Iemitsu was able to order the expulsion of every European from Japan. He allowed only one dutch ship trade with Japan during the year. He also pointed out several isolationist edicts which prohibited people and goods. However, there were a few exceptions. < [|__http://www.wfu.edu/~watts/w03_Japancl.html__] >

Place and Time: I assume that this was written in the year 1635. In the title it clearly states that it was the edict of 1635. However, the edict may have been written beforehand. Tokugawa Iemitsu wrote these edicts in Edo aka. Tokyo. Since the Tokugawa shogunate lived in Edo aka. Tokyo.

Prior Knowledge: I knew that they banned Europeans from interacting with the Japanese. I also knew a little about the Tokugawa shogunate. Toyotomi Hideyoshi was famous for his actions such as attempting to conquer Korea.

Audience: This edict was particularly written for the citizens in Japan. It was trying to prevent Japanese from communicating and trading with the Europeans. During that time period Nagasaki port was know for a lot of interactions with the foreigners.

Reason: This was displayed to prevent Japanese people from communicating and trading with the outside foreigners.

The Main Idea: The main idea is to transfer these edicts to the citizens in Japan and stop them from interacting with the outside foreigners. If they interact with each other there will be punishments held.

Significance: Japanese thought they did needed any assistance from other countries, so they were seeking to isolate from other countries. This recalls the Chinese that locked themselves in from other countries. However, in the end they realized that they were lacking from ideas comparing to the Europeans.

1.) Toyotomi Hideyoshi was the Bald Rat 2.) Japan hoped to conquer China 3.) Japan getting defeated from Korea prevented Japan from conquering China. 4.) After the failing the attempt of conquering Chine. Hideyoshi decided to protect his son. However, after his son's death Japan close its walls from other countries.
 * Questions**

Qinglong:
Author: Qianlong is the author of this letter to King George. Qianlong was the 6th Emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the fourth son of yongzheng. He was against from Europeans able to trade in other Chinese ports.

Place and Time: It can be assumed that this was written in China in 1793 because it is year of the time when the diplomat from England had petitioned Emperor Qianlong which allowed trading in Chinese ports other than Guanzhu.

Prior Knowledge: There used to be age for China where they acted similar as Europeans do during this time. During the rule of Zhu Di, the Qing Dynasty grew immensely. However, after Zhu DI's rule, China started to close their doors to the West.

Audience: This letter is written for King George III. On the letter, it seems like the letter seems polite, however, it actually is rejecting the request that King of England ask.

Reason: Qianlong wrote the letter in order to reject the request which is opening of the multiple ports in China.However, instead of direct voice, he indirectly stated his opinion of rejecting and stated reasons why Qianlong cannot accept the request.

The Main Idea: China can't allow the trade between England and China in other ports than Guanzho.

Significance: The significance is that China has contained themselves from outside world and trading in only one port. = =

==

__China's Age of Exploration II__
__September-22 -2011__


 * Countries with more than 1 million muslims image:** I realized there are many muslims around the world during that time period. However, even though China occupies a lot of land comparing to other countries they contain less muslims. I noticed that there are less muslims in the middle east. I supposed there are a lot of muslims in the middle east because the origin of muslims is Mecca. Mecca is located in Saudi Arabia.


 * Voyages of Zheng He image:** When I observed the image and counted the amount of explorations he accomplished I was surprised. I was amazed because of how he was able accomplish exploring with only 7 voyages and discovering new locations. This made me realize that China was a very highly developed country.

==

==

**__See Think Wonder__**

 * __9-20-11__**


 * See:** I observed the painting and noticed that on the left side there is a muscular man naked. On the right side there is a man with gray hear with a beard. However, unlike the man on the left he is dressed in a white gown. Around the bearded man are naked people surrounding him. The two men are making a connection through their fingers.


 * Think:** I think that the naked man is trying to interact with the bearded man in order to learn human society. By learning human society he will be able to earn cloths. I think since the man with the beard is located in a higher position he is much more powerful then the naked man.


 * Wonder:** I wonder why the young man has no cloths on, but the elder one has cloths on.

__**Class 11 Assignment China's golden age (september 5th,2011)**__

=__**Questions**__=
 * In 1421, China launched a fleet of over 800 ships of various sizes and carried more than 30,000 men. The fleet included over 300 leviathan "treasure ships," which were 480 ft long and 180 ft wide. Compare with the Santa Maria (Columbus' vessel), which was 150 ft long and a mere 20 ft wide.**

All the photos uploaded represents China's golden age. The first photo shows how Chinese voyages were much more developed in appearance and size. The Chinese voyage was able to carry more than 30,000 men. Whereas, the European voyages were much more small in size and contained less technology.


 * Identify where "the Holy Roman Emperor,****the Emperor of Byzantium (also called Constantinople), the Doge (ruler) of Venice, and the kings of England, France, Castille and Portugal" would have come from had they been invited to Beijing on 2 February 1421.**

The second map is recognized as Europe during the 1400s. The Chinese emperor declined to invite these countries located in Europe because of their lacking development in trade, technology, and knowledge. In order for them to receive a invitation they needed to be extremely developed economically for the Chinese to be astonished with their development.
 * Holy Roman Emperor:** Would have come from Germany, Poland, Belarus, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, Slovakia. The Holy Roman Emperor was located northwest of Naples.
 * Emperor of Byzantium (Constantinople)**: Would have come from the Ottoman Empire which was part of the Turks.
 * Doge(ruler) of Venice:** Italy, Venice is located on the north of Papal States and south east of the Holy Roman Emprie.
 * King of England:** England is located in the European continent and is located North of Kingdom of France and South of Kingdom of Scotland.
 * King of France:** France is located in the European continent and is located South of England and East of the Holy Roman Empire.
 * King of Castille:** Spain, the Kingdom of Castille was located from west of Kingdom of Aragon
 * King of Portugal:** Portugal, the Kingdom of Portugal was located from west of Kingdom of Castille


 * The "Silk Road", along which Chinese traders journeyed to sell their silks, spices, porcelain and other valuable commodities, was actually a web of many routes that extended from Xi'an into the heart of the Islamic world.**
 * Through what MODERN countries did the silk roads go?**

The silk road routes were moving through modern countries China, Iraq, and Kazakhstan, Iran, India.




 * Compare this map of the great walled capital Zhu Di built, to this map of modern China. The Forbidden City is now the Palace Museum, and is located at the centre of the map below:**

When Zhu Di located this map of the great wall capital, the Inner city and Outer city were divided by a wall. There were gates that would allow you to enter the city. However, in the modernized map of China, the Inner city and Outer city are connected instead of walls dividing the two cities. Also, accessing the cities became much more unchallenging. Lots of building are constructed, such as schools, museums, and temples. Although, there are may differences the Temple of Agriculture, Bell Tower, and Drum Tower still exist.


 * On p. 54, Menzies writes that Zhu Di extended the Great Wall (which is actually many separate sections of wall created over hundreds of years) from 5,000 kms to 6,400 kms. You'll notice, that doesn't mean that the wall was 6,400 kms long. If it WAS, where would it reach, if it began at the Yalu River? Use the map in MWH Atlas p A18-19 to estimate where you would end up if the wall really extended 6,400 kms due west of Beijing.**

If the Great Wall began at the Yalu River and extended 6,400 kms in length, it would allow the wall to reach to Turkey and Azerbaijan.

=__**Images**__=

The Chinese were able to build enormous ships like the one shown in the picture. They were confident that they were able to defeat different ships from different countries.
 * Chinese Fleet**

The developed power of the Chinese impressed the Europeans countries. They were so satisfied they decided to pay Zhu Di a visit for his impressing power.
 * Image 2:**

Although, Zhu Di was successful on secure China from the Mongols he was not able to control other impacts to China.
 * Chinese Dynasties**

This image displayed the trading relations with different countries. They exchanged different sources with each other.
 * Silk Road**

This image shows the difference in population between the years 1400 and 1600. The red squared represent the 1600 population and the blue squared represent the 1400 population. As time passed more red squared were spread out in different regions. This means that as time passed there were more exploration at settlement.
 * European Urban Population**


 * China Modern and Inner & Outer cities**



The image on the right is modern China and the image on the left is the inner and outer city that Zhu Di built. On the modern map it shows much more detailed structures instead of showing important buildings like the image on the left where it shows only a important buildings. This means as time passed China developed by being able to build more important buildings.

Zhu Di decided to build a great wall to show his impressing skills in architecture. He was able to build a very long wall in length. The wall was predicted to reach Iran.
 * Great Wall**

The red line represents the longitude which goes through Greenwhich. Greenwich is located in England. This shows that England is the Prime Meridian.
 * Globe**


 * Great Canal**

This image displays Zhu Di's execution in building the great canal. This can be a big support for the traders and citizens.

Analyzing the three maps I noticed that it shares the spread of Islam. The map below shows us the military movement. The map above compares the empires with the Umayyad Caliphate. Apparently the Umayyad Caliphate had a larger empire.
 * Spread of Islam**

I gave very clear instructions to write two, and only two sentences about the three maps. 1/3


 * DUE: 8-25-11**
 * APPARTS For the Black Death,1348**


 * Author:** Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375)was born in Tuscany and he was a son of a merchant. He grew up as a Italian writer. Boccaccio lived through the plague that devastated the city of Florence. Giovanni Boccaccio wrote a story in Italian about the plague called The Decameron vol., but this copy is also translated into English by Richard Aldingotn and illustrated by Jean de Bosschere in the year 1930. The copy Decameron is a fictional story where seven men and three women escape from the disease by running away to another city. The Decameron is a collection that is structured as 100 tales and is told over a span of 10 days.


 * Place and Time:**The Black Death was started in China and then spread to Europe ,but this story particularly happens in Italy. It was during Spring,1348. However, the place where this book is written is unknown. There is a possibility that he wrote this book in Florence, 1348 while he lived through the plague. The first edition of this book was written around the 1350 and 1353 in Italy.


 * Prior Knowledge:** The Black Death, 1348 was during the middle ages. I knew that the Black Death was a incident where a disease that caused humans to be sick. Dead bodies were laid on the streets. Also, I knew that the Black Death happened mainly in Europe.


 * Audience:** The audience was originally for the Italians since the Author is a Italian writer. However, the story is translated into English by RIchard Aldington, so that it can be spread globally for english speakers.


 * Reason:** The reason for this is to entertain with fictional text to people with prior knowledge of the Black Death.


 * The Main Idea:** Since Giovanni Boccaccio lived through the plague in the city of Florence. People suffered from the diseases, decomposing bodies, and other symptoms. This all lead chaos to the city. The Florence was tortured with the disease and was pitiless.


 * Significance:** The significance of this book is to give out knowledge of the Black Death by giving vivid descriptions and allowing people to imagine images. It is also trying to share how the society was like, for example showing the relation of the seven men and three women. Giovanni Boccaccio also influenced other authors because of his outstanding writings. The Decameron is a memorable writing of the plague.

Kris, Steven. "Giovanni Boccaccio, 1313-1375." //The History Guide -- Main//. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Aug. 2011. <[|__http://www.historyguide.org/a__]
 * Sources**

"Decameron Web." //Brown University//. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Aug. 2011. <[|__http://www.brown.edu/Departm__]

=

=

**Family History Project** **DUE: 8/24/11**

 * Event: My Mother and Father's Wedding:** My mother and father's wedding was held in 1991, November 9th. She met him through a system and later on had a closer relationship with him. One fun event they did together was going to the fun fair
 * Why I chose this Event:** I chose this event because if it wasn't for my mother and father's wedding I would of not been born and I wouldn't of had a magnificent sister. When I thought of this event I never got the chance to know the details. I realized my mother at first had no interest in my father. After I interviewed my mother I understood how my mother met my father and how they got close to each other.

media type="file" key="9F-PhilipBae-Oral Source.mp3" width="240" height="20"
 * Oral Source: Interview of my mother of her wedding (Secondary Source)**



This ring is a primary source because it was given to my mother by my father at the time of the proposal. The proposal was a memorable moment for my mother and father. This is ring is contained of a diamond. My father proposed to my mother by giving her a bunch of flowers with a ring together.
 * Unwritten Source: The Proposal Ring (Primary Source)**

The photo above is the wedding invitation to my mother and father's wedding. This invitation is a primary source because it was written at the time of the wedding. The wedding was held in the Cheongdam catholic church, 1991, November 9th. The text written above in the invitation says: I Bae-Jun-Sik, take you Lim-Chai-Young to be my wife, my partner in life and my one true love. We will be there for each other We will never live lonely, but will live wisely Encouragement and blessing And let the Road ahead of us to To open widely
 * Written Source: The Wedding invitation (Primary Source)**


 * Vocabulary**
 * **heretical-** A person that participates against religion
 * **faggot-** A bunch of sticks that symbolized the judgement for heresy
 * **Eucharist-** A Christian ceremony where people consume bread and wine
 * **abstain-** to keep someone under control from enjoying something
 * **penance-** A religious ceremony in which a member of the Church confesses to the priest
 * **beseeching-** To ask in a urgently in order to do something
 * **source-** A origin of information


 * 1) **In section 1, //Heretical Beliefs//, the historian gives his account of a historical event. What is happening to Hogsflesh? What is the historian's “story” or main point of the article?**
 * Hogflesh declared that he was convicted for heretical beliefs. He was ordered to move around markets announcing his sins. If Hogflesh refused to carry out the penance he was to be burnt to death on faggots. The historians main point is to show how the church was in a high position and that heresy is not acceptable.

- John Arnold defines that historians should not only read the records, but to notify the world. I agree with this role because recording the history will pass down legacy to countries and also knowledge to the future. Another role for a historian is not only to record the past on a document, but to teach it to students in order for the history to be more globally notable.
 * 1) **What are the roles of a historian defined by John Arnold? Do you agree or disagree with his assumptions? Can you think of any other roles?**
 * 1) **What is meant by “treat(ing) their sources with fidelity?” Remember to put your response in your own words. Why is it important to remember this when reading historical references?**
 * The phrase “treat(ing) their sources with fidelity” simply means that the historians should always be precise with their sources and not believe in sources that are not proven. Also, sources that are treated with fidelity can show discrimination to peoples perspective due to the historians judgement of the source. This is important to remember because the information spread can maybe be different from the original source. When reading historical references you should always think freely about the source.


 * 1) **How can a single event be interpreted in more than one way? Can you think of an event in your life that historians could interpret with differing points of view?**
 * -**A single even can be understood in more that one way by thinking freely and looking at the event in different views. One event that happened in my life was when I was in Yorkshire,England and my assignment was to build something out of clay. At that time I was a very poor artist, so I tried my best to build teddy bear out of clay. The next day my teacher saw my masterpiece and just had a clueless face. The masterpiece was supposed to be a teddy bear, but because the teacher was not able to identify it, I was not given any credit. From my perspective I thought it was a beautiful teddy bear, but the teacher’s view thought that it was a unexplainable art piece.


 * 1) **Talk to a family member or friend about something that happened to you both a long time ago. Examine how you both remember the incident and write about it. With that in mind, when attaching meaning to history, is it possible for a historian to be completely objective? Use examples from the incident you just discussed to reinforce your response.**
 * -** When I was in 8th grade my friends and I had a close relationship with a transfer student from SAIS. He was a hilarious friend and love to socialize with us. One day my friends and I called him something because we adored him, but actually that name we called him offended him. From his point of view he thought we were making fun of him. Later on he considered that the nickname was very catchy, so he started to allow us call him that. After all we called him because we adored him, but from his perspective he thought we were making fun of him. I think that historians shouldn’t be completely subjective because everyone has different perspectives.


 * 1) **What problems may arise when historians practice subjective history? In what ways may subjective history be beneficial to the study of history? Think back to the incident you just discussed with your family member or friend. Why did it make sense for you to remember the event the way you did and for the other person to remember it the way he or she did? What does this tell us about history?**
 * -** When historians practice subjective history there can be conflicts between people that have different point of views. However, subjective history can be highly favorable because we can learn different perspectives of many professional historians. The story was very memorable to me because he was a very close friend of mine. My friend would also remember that moment because of how much attention he gained from that nickname. This tells us that history can be understood in many ways for different people.


 * 1) **Why is every historian "a storyteller?" If all historians are storytellers and there are myriad versions of every story, can we trust historians? Why or why not?**
 * -** Historians are “a storyteller” because they are able to entertain a audience successfully with the historical references. Although, there are numerous amount of versions of every story we can trust historians because they have the most precise sources.


 * 1) **How did your view of history and historians change based on this reading? How will you approach history now that you have explored these views?**
 * -** Now I have realized there is no correct answer for history. For history in order to understand the source you need to think freely and read references of different peoples perspectives.