Sundos'+World

** Class46: **
__Twins __ I have never imagined that people will one day have no feelings and do experiments on children that may cause their death. __Brothers __ His story was very pathetic. When he said that the Jews tore out everything and erased the smile from his face and his brother's I felt that the Nazis didn't have single part of mercy in their hearts. __Mordecai Eldard __ The Nazis have made the life of Jews so miserable. Mordecai Aldard lived in fear and was waiting for the day of his death. I can't imagine how he survived in the camp between the death people. __Zanne Farbstein __ This made me feel that the Nazis were the harshest people in the world. They burned children alive and made people live in fear and wanting to end their life from the cruelty of the Nazis. __Yaakov Hollander __ I really liked how Hollander is now very optimistic even though he was sent to many concentration camps and his life was miserable. I also like his strong relationship with his brother, when he felt guilty eating the whole cake. This made me a little but happy because even though there is people who are harsh and cruel there is still people who are optimistic and kind. __Sophie Engelsman __ She said the being alive or surviving the Holocaust is not joy because o one was left for her which shows how the holocaust changed peoples life and made them think that their life is not valuable. __Eva Brown __ Eva Brown made me feel that family is very important and it is. One part made me feel bad is when she said that she lost her identity and when she got tattooed this is very sad and I think this shows that know one cared about human rights.

8/10

** Class45: **
Read pp 511-513 (online or new hard copy) or pp 459 to end of the chapter (old hard copy) and complete 8-10 of the guided reading you used for last class. Battle of Leyte Gulf (Oct. 1944) American troops landed on Leyte in the Philippines and the Japanese navy wanted to destroy the them to prevent the Allies from supplying troops. The Japanese lost thousands of its soldiers and its advance in Southeast Asia was weakened. Battle of Okinawa (April.1 1945) the US troops went to Okinawa and the Japanese fought against them. This causes many causalities for the Japanese Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (Aug.6+9 1945) Bombing Hiroshima and Nagasaki was President Truman's idea because he knew that if they entered japan it will cause the death of millions of soldiers. The two bombings of this city caused Thousand of Japanese to die and led to Japan's surrender.

I identify the following people and the role each payed in WWII. Bernard Montgomery: He was a British commander of the forces in North Africa and 21st Army group commander of Allied forces during the Operation Overload.

Dwight Eisenhower: He was an American general and led the operation Torch. He can work with any kind of people. He was very famous. He also led the D-Day invasion


 * 1) 1 USSR suffered the greatest t human cost.
 * 2) 2 The US spent more money in the war Than Germany and Japna.
 * 3) 3 I believe that improving in technology contributed to the increased number of death in WWII.
 * 4) 4 From the photograph it doesn't seem that the government was harsh on the Japanese Americans. However, the Japanese Americans looks like they were discriminated and were viewed that they are different from the others.
 * 5) 5 From what I read it seem s that the Polish refugees were in panic and didn't have enough time to pack their stuff.

8/10

** Class44: **
Battle of El Alamein (Oct.23 1942)-->(Nov.4) The battle between Germany(Rommel) and Britain(Montgomery) weakened Germany's power.
 * Read pages 506-511 and answer sections A1-A7 from the guided readings. **

Operation Torch (Nov.8 1942) This caused to crush al Rommel’s power in North Africa(Afrika korps)

Battle of Stalingrad (Aug.23 1942) This battle between the Soviet Union and Germany caused Germany to be pushed to the west.

Invasion of Italy -July 1943 attack on Sicily (Mussolini became weak) -September.3 Italy surrendered -June 4 1944 Allies attacked Rome until Germany fell (1945) ( By having Italy, Germany has lost its ally)

Propaganda campaigns on home front Propaganda played a major role in giving the Allies the support from home front. People began to volunteer to work for war industries, and did anything to finance the war.

D-Day invasion (Jun.6 1944) This invasion in Normandy lead to a retreat for Germany and gave confidence to the Allies.

Battle of Bulge (1944) Germany attacked the US Allies defend the US and Hitler lost many soldiers.

The history is conveyed in a very different way in these two videos. In the Hollywood dramatization, soldiers were horrified, the blood turned the blue sea into red, and I think some scenes were over exaggerated. In contrast, the documentary conveyed the D-Day invasion in a way that show us how the Americans invaded Italy, their strategies, and how Hitler tried to defend Italy. So, the documentary shows what happened but not how bad was it. However, I believe that the Hollywood dramatization is more "true" because this is what I expect to see in an invasion during a war.
 * How is the same history conveyed so differently in these two videos? Which do you think is more "true": the Hollywood dramatization or the documentary?**

10/10

** Class43: **
The Japanese internment was unfair. All the Japanese-Americans were innocent, because they were punished even though they didn't do anything wrong. They were forced to live in a small camp with poor conditions. There was a barbed-wire fence around the camp, so that way no one can leave outside of the camp. If someone gets out of that camp, they were either shot or punished. It was really unfair that Japanese Americans had to suffer and experience this internment, because of Japanese Pearl Harbor attack. Inside the camp, all the Japanese-Americans didn't get much food to eat and there was lack of cultural awareness. The Japanese-Americans eat salty things with rice but they had to eat sweet fruits with it instead. They all lived in barracks, and they lived uncomfortably until the war was over.
 * Short paragraph on the fairness or unfairness of Japanese internment: **


 * 1. Wartime propaganda [|cartoon by Walt Disney]. As you watch, record your answers to the following... **


 * ======<span style="color: #111010; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What wartime images do you recognize from your study of the war? I recognize the Nazis and their symbol. I also recognize that German workers are working really hard to produce mass amount of materials for military. I can see that many people in Germany obeyed Hitler because if they don't they would be punished.======
 * ======<span style="color: #111010; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What are some of the messages of this cartoon? ======
 * 1) ======<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #111010; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This cartoon shows the lives of German people during WWII. In factories, workers were forced to work extra hours to produce mass amount of materials that were necessary for military like shells. ======
 * 2) ======<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Soldiers were punished if they didn't show their loyalty to Hitler. ======
 * 3) ======<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">People in Germany didn't have enough to eat. However, many people obeyed Hitler and thought that Nazis are good. ======
 * ======<span style="color: #111010; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Why do you think companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war? They produce these cartoons during the war to criticize and send some messages to the people and to show how people lived during the war. ======

**2. Political Cartoon for the home front**
(Hard copy)
 * ====== What is in the cartoon? Explain the symbolism you see. ======
 * ======What is the intended message of the cartoon?======
 * 3. Life on the Home front in Britain exploration... Go to [|this site] and click on each topic area to learn about life in Britain during the war. For each of the following topics, write down 3 significant pieces of information. You may do this on your gallery page, or as a hard copy.**

10/10

Class42:
I read three pages and answered some of the questions from the guided reading. Guided Reading Japan's Pacific Campaign **A. As you read this section answer these questions about war in the Pacific.** a) What happened? b)What is the significance of the battle/attack? a) Isoroku Yamamoto called for an attack on Pearl Harbor. US military already knew that an attack might come. Ships were sunk and thousands were killed. b) US declared war on Japan and its allies.
 * Bombing of Pearl Harbor **

**Fall of the Southeastern Asian Colonies**
a) The Japanese attacked British and American colonies at the same time of the Pearl Harbor attack.Guam and Wake were controlled by the Japanese. In 1942 Butaan and Indonesia were under their control too. b) The Allies stroke back and the Japanese seemed strong. a) After Japan took the colonies the Allies wanted to revenge. 1942 American fleet with Australian support attacked the Japanese. b) This raid shook the confidence of the Japanese people. a) Airplanes attacked ships. The Allies lost many ships than the Japanese.But they won. b) The allies won and caused the Japanese to stop their advancement. a) The US Pacific fleet knew that a huge Japanese forces were heading to Midway island. Yamamoto hoped that the whole US fleet will come to defend Midway and leave Pearl Harbor. In 1942 June4 US let Japan to attack them then they destroyed them until they withdraw. b) The battle of Midway turned the tide of the war in the Pacific. a) 1942-3 the Allied troops drove Japanese forces from the Pacific island of Guadalcanal. Fresh troops were sent from both sides. Japan lost thousands of soldiers and abandoned the island after six years of fighting. b) The Japanese huge air base was destroyed. Isoroku Yamamoto: He was Japan's greatest naval strategist. He was the one who called for attacking Pearl Harbor. Douglas MacArthur: Was the commander of the Allied land forces in the pacific. He developed the plan for attacking Guadalcanal.
 * Doolittle's raid on Japan**
 * Battle of Coral Sea**
 * Battle of Midway**
 * Battle of Guadalcanal**
 * B. Isoroku Yamamoto/ Douglas MacArthur.**

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**#1** This political cartoon shows Japan and China fighting, and the members of the League of Nations wearing the same clothes( to show equality) and wanting Uncle Sam to deal with the situation. Uncle Sam is staring angrily at the fight with his hat off is head meaning that he is angry and tired of the conflicts. The way The members of the League of Nations pointing shows that they are weak and can't do anything to stop Japan. From this cartoon I feel that countries knew that Japanese expansionism should be stopped but they did nothing to stop it.
 * Write a short description of the perspectives presented in the political cartoons below. What does each cartoon highlight about how Japanese expansion was viewed?**
 * 2** I think this cartoon justifies Japan's expansionism because it shows the Anglo Saxon imperialism. Western countries using other people(Asians) to work for them( they are laying on the carriage and the Asians are carrying them) so the Japanese will imperialize other countries like the westerners did.
 * 3** This cartoon indicates that the Japanese did not care of any international regulations or treaties that will hinder their expansion. They crushed and burned the treaty they signed with the League of nations by invading other countries. This shows that they didn't give any attention to the league of nations.
 * 4** this cartoon indicates that the Japanese wanted to conquer New Guinia after they invaded other colonies of the western countries( the smoke coming from the back of the Japanese soldier indicates that he attacked countries before he invade New Guinia). It also indicates that the American had support from Australia to defend the American air base in New Guinea.This means that many countries were against the Japanese expansionism.

The United States stood against Japan many times. When Japan invaded China, the US supported China's nationalist government against Japan. The US public opinion turned against the Japanese when they attacked the US navy gunboat in 1937. After Japan occupied Indochina in 1940, the US fleet moved nearer to Japan and President Franklin Roosevelt demanded Japanese withdrawal form Indochina and China. He also enforced an oil embargo against Japan. These actions taken by the US caused the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese outlined this attack on Pearl Harbor to disable the US fleet while Japanese forces simultaneously launch invasions into Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands.
 * 1.Why did Japan attack the United States of America?**

Before the attack on Pearl Harbor Japanese diplomats had negotiations with the United States regarding their desire for expansion in Asia. At the same time they were preparing their navy to attack the US if they did not agree with their proposal. When their negotiations failed they attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor. In December 7, 1941 the Japanese were detected on the US radar but they didn't know exactly their size. There were two attacks, the first one lasted for 25 minutes and was more successful than the second one for the Japanese. Pearl Harbor was the worst naval disaster in U.S. history, with more than 2,000 casualties, dozens of aircraft destroyed, and 21 ships damaged or destroyed. Pearl Harbor attack put an end to US neutrality. After one day the US Congress declared war on Japan and Japan's allies, Germany and Italy, declared war on the United States on December 11.
 * 2. Read this [|article] about Pearl Harbor. Briefly summarize the key events of the attack (before, during and after).**

10/10

Class 41:
Task#1 listen to the podcast and take notes of the major events and answer these question:
 * Notes: **
 * -1940 Germany invaded Poland, Norway, Denmark, and France. **
 * -June 1940 Battle of Britain. **
 * -Germans air force outnumbered RAF.**
 * -The British didn't give up.**
 * -Radars helped RAF**
 * -Germans were trying to attack the stations to destroy radars.**
 * - August 1940 RAF attacked Berlin---> caused Hitler to attack London.**
 * -Factories produced more air crafts while Germans were bombing London.**
 * -15 September RAF destroyed 60 air crafts. Germans destroyed only 15.**

After invading main lands in Europe like Poland, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and France Hitler developed a plan, the Sea Lion Operation, in 1940 to invade Great Britain. This plan was postponed in late 1940 because Hitler was stunned by the British resistance. The battle didn't look good for Britain for some reasons. The British army was forced out of Britain leaving their weapons behind. Britain's Royal Air Force had only 750 fighter planes to defend the whole country, while the German air force, the Luftwaffe, had 1500 bomber aircraft and 1000 fighter planes. It was easy for the Germans to defeat Britain but the British resistance was very wrong. Although the RAF was outnumbered by the German air force, Britain had extra crew from their allies and people who were opposing Hitler and the Nazis. Another advantage that Britain had was a secret weapon that helped them to determine the speed, hight, and numbers of incoming warplanes. This was a device called the radar.Most importantly, Britain had a great Prime Minister,Winston Churchill, who declared that his nation should never give up and exerted efforts to crush Germany. Germany's mistake was the bombing of London in September 7, 1940. Although it killed many people, it helped the British army to rebuild. The bombing in London gave time to the RAF to rebuild their air fields and keep the air craft production continues which enhanced tactics and strategies of the RAF and became more powerful than before. In September 15, 1940 the RAF defeated 60 aircrafts of the German air force while the Germans only destroyed 15 planes of the RAF. It shocked the Germans. Britain became powerful in the views of the enemies. Hitler was stunned by the British resistance. Their resistance against Germany showed that Hitler's attacks can be blocked.
 * 1) What was Operation Sea Lion?**
 * 2) Why did the battle not look good for Britain?**
 * 3) What advantage did Britain have?**
 * 4) What was Germany's mistake?**
 * 5) What was the impact of the bombing of London? How did the bombing of London aid Britain's cause?**
 * 6) Why was the outcome of the battle of Britain significant for the Allies?**

Task#2

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Although the British army was greatly outnumbered by the German army, it had a technological advantage, radar machines. Radars were vital in combat as they provided the specific speed, direction, and height of incoming air crafts which allowed the RAF to predict the German air force's attacks and make plans.

10/10

Class40:
Section 1 Assessment The First Blitzkrieg. This was not a turning point to the Allies it caused the war but it showed that German army has developed. Allies Stranded at Dunkirk. Great Britain sent a huge fleet to rescue thousands of soldiers trapped in Dunkrik. This was one of the most heroic acts of WWII and one of the turning points to the Allies. Lend Lease Act. The Lend Lease Act helped the Allies to get weapons and supplies from the United States. But it caused Hitler to attack their ships and the US ships.
 * 1) 2.Which of the listed events may be considered as a turning point to the Allies.

Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union were very similar. They both wanted to invade Moscow because it is a very important city but they weren't aware of the cold weather which caused the death of thousand of soldiers. Another thing that shows the similarity between Hitler's and Napoleon's invasion of the Soviet Union is that both were attacked by the same strategy, the scorched earth strategy, when they were invading the country.
 * 1) 8 How were Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union similar?

10/10

Class39:
Apr/25 Read and take notes on pp 21-25 of //Hitler's Germany// 1.The Treaty of Versailles -He wanted to end the Treaty of Versailles. -He feels that the Treaty of Versailles is a shame on the souls of Germans. -What was the world’s reaction when he did that?? 2.The unions of all Germans in Germany -He wanted t unite all Germans and bring them under his control -Many Germans were living in neighboring countries so he wanted ti unite them. 3.The conquest of lebensraum. -Germany is crowded and there isn’t enough resources. -Hitler wanted to conquer farmlands and mines if Russia & Poland.
 * A.Hitler’s foreign policy aims**

-1934 Expansion of armed forces.(secretly) -Two pocket battle ships were built. -6 submarines. -Air force -1935 (public) -Countries made alliances with each other.(just in case). -Countries didn’t took military action.
 * B.Hitler’s rearmament of Germany**

-Hitler wanted to challenge the treaty. -France and Britain would use military force to stop German troops. -Britain didn’t fight nor did France. -Results: The army was able to build the West Wall. -The West Wall: B&F can’t send troops easily to Germany.
 * C.The Remilitarization of the Rhineland, 1936**

1.The Rome Berlin Axis, 1936 -Hitler and Mussolini agreed to work together in foreign affairs. 2.The Anti Comintern Pact, 1936 -Allies with Japan. -Hitler had alliances with countries in different places. 3.Help for Franco in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-9 -Hitler helped Spain for reasons: -To have them as an ally -To try out methods of bombing from the air.
 * D.Hitler’s alliances**

-It’s a union with Austria -Unite Germans in one country( Forbidden ToV) -process: -Nazi Austrian party made trouble. -Austrian government banned Nazis -Hitler threatened them -The government agreed with him -But they did a voting to see if the want to be with Germans. -Hitler didn’t liked the voting -He moved his army to the borders of Austria -Schuschnigg asked for help(B&F&I)--->they refused. -Schuschnigg resigned.
 * E.The Anschluss with Austria, 1938**

1.The Sudetenland Crisis, 1938 -Many people were German (Supported the Nazi party ruled by Heinlein) -Riots ---> unfairness -Hitler moved the army (stopping the riots as a justification)but failed. -France+ C against Germany. -PM of B helped Germany to invade C.(appeasement) 2.The Munich Conference, 1938 -Peace agreement to the solution. The result: Germany was able to get Sudetenland. -C had no allies. -Hitler promised not to threaten any country. 3.The invasion of Czechoslovakia, 1939 -Hitler took the W part of C and Hungary and Poland took the other parts. -Hitler made an agreement with Russia to not fight against each other. -They will attack Poland and divide it between them. -Now Hitler can invade Poland without worrying about Russia.
 * F.The take over of Czechoslovakia**
 * G.The Nazi Soviet Pact, 1939.**

WWII -Non aggression Pact between Germany and Russia. -1939 he attacked Poland. -After 2 days F&B declared war on Germany. -Hitler used Blitzkrieg(fast airplanes and tanks). -Stalin took: E of Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia. -Hitler invaded Norway and Denmark so he can attack GB. -He didn’t attack France.

10/10

Class38:
Apr/23

NoteTaking on first two chapters of Hitler's Germany

A.Adolf Hitler

 * 1.His life up to 1933**


 * He was born in Braunau Austria 1889.
 * He wanted to be an artist ( Art academy didn’t want him)
 * He didn’t have a job so he live in a hostel.
 * 1909 he became interested in politics.
 * He hates socialist parties and foreign people especially the Jews.( He thought that foreigners ruin the culture of his country).
 * Left Austria in 1913 because he didn’t want to serve in the national army.
 * Joined the German army in WWI (1914).
 * He won 6 medals of bravery.
 * He blamed Jews and Socialists for the surrender of Germany 1918.
 * After the war he was spying on political parties ( V man).
 * He joined German Workers Party in 1919 and became the leader and renamed it ( NAZI PARTY).
 * STORM TROOPERS to beat up his opponents
 * Jews and Communist are “germs”
 * 1923 he and the troopers wanted to overthrow the government.(failed and was put in jail)
 * 1924 He wrote a book about his struggle(Mein Kampf)
 * 1929 depression> people began to listen to his ideas about strong leadership and that the Jews were the cause.
 * People voted for him
 * 1933 became Chancellor.
 * Swastika=crooked cross


 * 2.His ideas**

-**The Fuehrer principle:** One strong leader who has power.

-**Lebensraum ( living space):** Use force to get countries east of Germany because they need more land to work and live on.

-**Race:** Pure race: not interbred with others. Germans must be pure to become the Master Race (Aryan).

-**Anti-semitism:** Jews must be destroyed. They are the biggest threat on Germans purity.

-Communism: DANGEROUS. MUST BE DESTROYED.

-The Treaty of Versailles: UNFAIR. Land must be returned. France must be DESTROYED.


 * 3.His appeal**


 * - Reason for people supporting the Nazi Party:**
 * -hope, new ideas, Hitler persuaded people to make Germany recover.**

B.How Hitler established his dictatorship
The election campaign of March 1933 Results of the election
 * Hitler asked President Hinderburg make a law that will ban Communist+Socailists from taking part in the elections.( Law of the protection of people and state).
 * They were imprisoned.
 * He won less than half of the elections.
 * Hitler persuaded the Parliament to agree to the Enable law.

The Enabling Law, March 1933 The take over of local governments The banning of trade unions The Night of the Long Knives.1934 Hitler becomes Fuehrer, 1934 The army’s oath of loyalty
 * Hitler can make laws and Parliament don’t have to agree.
 * He used it to get rid of his opponents
 * On April 1933 he replaced the local governments with Nazi officials.
 * Law against the Formation of New Parties: The Nazi Party was the only party that should exist in Germany.One Party State.
 * The Nazi Party controlled the police force in Germany.
 * On May he banned trade unions
 * He took away their funds
 * Imprisoned their leaders.
 * Ernst Roehm wanted to make the Storm Troopers to become part of the army.(Hitler didn't like that)
 * Hitler arrested Roehm and the Troopers in 1934 and executed them by the SS.
 * After Hindengurg's death Hitler became Fuehrer.
 * Supreme commander.
 * They will obey him no after what happens.
 * Sworn their lives away to him.

10/10

Class37:
__ Oral Quiz on the rise of Fascism. __ __ [|Fascism] __

THIS WAS OBVIOUSLY TOUGH FOR YOU. I LIKE VERY MUCH THAT YOU TRIED TO THINK ABOUT WHAT WOULD BE UNIQUE ABOUT KOREAN FASCISM, BUT WHY DO YOU THINK IT WOULD BE DIFFERENT? 7.5/10

=

[|The Global Great Depression]
YES, THIS IS WELL ORGANIZED AND WELL-EXPLAINED. 10/10

=

Class 35:
Task 1&3 hard copy

Task2: //The New York Times//
 * Dust Storm is Worsening the Situation in The United States.**


 * Topic sentence:** Unemployment was high during the Depression. However, when a vast dust storms swept the region unemployment became higher.


 * Support sentence1:** Dust storms crippled agriculture leaving farmers without jobs or shelters.


 * Support sentence 2:** One of the Largest pea camps in California was destroyed by the dust storm . Farmers were unable to sell crops.


 * Support sentence 3:** Farmers in Oklahoma left their job when the dust came to the west. They lost their job and were not able to find a new one.

//International Herald Tribune//
 * America's recession will affect other countries.**


 * Topic sentence:** As the American economy declines other economies of countries around the world will decline too.


 * Support sentence 1:** The stock market collapsed and billions of dollars were lost.


 * Support sentence 2:** Banks failed in the US and wiped out people's savings which caused the idea of thrift to stick into people's mind which means less trade with other countries.


 * Support sentence 3:** Many Americans are now jobless and homeless so the demand for production is low therefore, trade with other countries will decrease which will affect their economy.

10/10

__The Chinese Revolution and Japanese imperialism__
media type="youtube" key="cQ1DhJFFP0g?version=3" height="216" width="384" IT'S HARD TO ORGANIZE YOUR THINKING ON A QUESTION ON THE SPUR OF THE MOMENT, ISN'T IT! 8.5/10

__Russian Revolution__ __Oral Quiz__ =[|Russian revolution]= VERY CLEAR AND COMPLETE! EXCELLENT FIRST EFFORT! 10/10

Class 32
Apr/9/2012

Station 1:
**Q4:** **How did the Treaty of Versailles add to China's problems?** In China people were suffering from famine and brutal attacks caused by the civil war in 1916 after the death of Yuan Shikai. The treaty of Versailles added to their problems when they gave some land, which was controlled by Germans, to the Japanese. The Chinese were angry, especially the Nationalist Party because one of their main principles was to put an end to foreign control in China and they were hoping that the Allies will support them by giving them freedom from the foreign control.

Station 2:
Write a short chapter for a English-language history book to be used in Korean high schools about **Japan's role in Asia in the first half of the 20th century**. Decide what graphs, charts, maps or images (up to 3) you would want to include (these do not need to be "real" -- just describe what you'd like them to show, and come up with a title or caption for each)**.**

Before the twentieth century Japan was an isolated country. But not until they opened up trade with America and some European nations. During the enlightened rule of Mutsuhito Japanese government officials travelled to other countries and gained some ideas to become modernized. They started to build railroads, work in mines, and constructed factories. After becoming more industrialized, their economy was competing with other industialised countries.

-I will have two pictures of Japan before and after its modernization.( Title: Japan modernization. Caption: Opening trade to the US was the first step of Japan modernization).

When Japan felt proud of their economy, They wanted to expand its territories. After a war between Japan and China, the Japanese gained Taiwan as a new colony. Japan was not satisfied, they wanted more land. So, in 1905 they fought with Russia over Manchuria and surprisingly they won the war. Many countries were surprised and Russia felt humiliated. Feeling proud of themselves, the Japanese attacked Korea after one year. They were very harsh on Koreans and many other countries ciriticized them. They banned newspapers and transformed the Korean schools into Japanese. Koreans were forced to study Japanese language and history and they were prohibited to study other subjects. Moreover, they took lands of Korean farmers and gave it to Japanese. To prove how harsh they were, Japanese forced Koreans and other workers to move around different parts of the Japanese empire to work in factories and mines. Millions of Koreans were misplaced form their homes and were harmed to improve and benefit the mother countries.

- I will put a graph showing a statistic of how many Koreans died during the Japanese imperialism.(TItle: Japanese affect on the Korean population. Caption: Millions of Koreans died due to the harsh rule of Japan).

Japan's imperialism were the main cause of WWII. Many countries criticized them. However, a Japanese official issued a very strong defense of their policy. He stated that territorial expansionism is the only 'door' to escape from the surplus population of Japan because the other doors, immigration and advance in trade markets, were shut. He also wrote in response to other countries criticizing them that why there is other countries who imperialized and tortured other countries like India and South Africa. And he said: they will reply that we want to improve these countries and pull them tot he light. So why can't we improve other countries and enlighten them?. This is how the Japanese justified their expansionism and imperialism of other countries.

- I will have a political cartoon criticizing Japan's imperialism.( Title: Hungry Japan. Caption: Economy grow by others effort).

Station 3:
Mao and Stalin were very similar. This is proved when you know that he worked with Stalin to become more powerful and to establish a communist country. They both are recognized as heroes now but to achieve their goals and personal interests they killed millions of people. However, I think Mao was worse than Stalin because he was not only torturing people and sending them to camps, he was selling the food ,that people produce, to Russia and other European countries leaving nothing for the Chinese to eat. Moreover, His quotes were even more sarcastic than Stalin's. He once said: "Educate the peasants to eat less" and he thought that death benefits the country. Mao was leading the culture revolution which caused misery, torture, and death to thousands and millions of people. He was worse than not only Stalin but Hitler too.
 * Q: Was Mao a better or worse national leader than Stalin?**

STATION WORK IS VERY WELL DONE, ESPECIALLY "TEXTBOOK". 10/10

Class 31
Apr/5/2012

__The Russian Revolution__
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Why Russia had a revolution in 1917?**

Although the Russian Revolution was started since 1800s revolutionaries were wiped out due to the harsh majors taking by the czar. In 1917 the local protest exploded everywhere in the country because of the following incidents: in March 1917 women textile workers led a city wide strike due to low wages and bad working condition. After five days there were rioting over shortages of bread and fuel. Later 200,000 workers shouted in the streets " down with the Autocracy ". The rulers ordered the soldiers to shoot the rioters but they sided with the rioters. The main cause of the Russian revolution is the suffering caused by WWI. It caused the czar to lost control of Russia. People starved and were angry because of high prices. That what exploded the protests.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Was Stalin a good or a bad guy? why? why not?** <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|Stalin.audionote]

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**1.What is the message that this poster is trying to get out to the Russian people? Artist: Apsit, Aleksandrs** This poster is trying to tell the Russian people that Tsar, priests, and rich people are taking advantage from the laboring class by forcing them to work until their death. It was made to create a communist state. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**2.Do you find this piece of propaganda to be** **compelling? Why or why not?** Yes, the way the laboring class shown in the picture indicates that they are the backbone of the country and they should be part of the government. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**3.Make your own propaganda poster designed to make viewers adopt your viewpoint on one of the following issues: school uniforms, freedom of speech, hagwons.** Hard copy.

= =

= =

__Evaluating Decisions__
The representatives from countries of the Allies gathered in Versailles to determine what should they do with the losers. The United States, France, Great Britain, and Italy did the major decisions. France believing that Germany caused harm to their country wanted to destroy Germany. Georges Clemenceau forced them to pay reparations, limit the size of their army and return Alsace Lorraine to France. Other nations such as Japan and Italy were satisfied by getting a piece of land and didn't care what France is doing to Germany.This reflects how greedy and non peaceful they were. On the other hand the Treaty of Versailles reflects the good character of Woodrow Wilson of the United States. He was peaceful and wanted to create the League of Nations in hopes of peacefully negotiating solutions to world conflicts. However, it failed. This treaty left hatred in the Hearts of Germans and left them feeling betrayed.
 * How did the treaty of Versailles reflect the different personalities and agendas of the men in power at the end of WWI?**

Time line+Comparing maps+Game.
Points earned: 430.
 * Game**

[[image:Screen_shot_2012-02-26_at_3.55.40_PM_2.png width="320" height="200"]]
- Both maps indicate that Germany and Austria- Hungary are surrounded by their opponents. Serbia might have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina because it wanted to extend its borders and became a larger Slavic population. Russia and Serbia were allies and allies benefit from each other. So this might be the reason why Russia helped Serbia to claim Bosnia and Herzegovina. Germany and Austria-Hungary have resisted any moves for Bosnian secession from Austria-Hungary because Bosnia and Herzegovina is located along the adriatic sea which is an important location. Or maybe because if they become separated the other slavic population in the north of Austria - Hungary would rebel.
 * Comparing maps**
 * Map of European Alliances - Cartoon map.**
 * -** By looking at the cartoon map and its legend we can say that:
 * 1) The countries of the triple alliance had huge machines and weapons.
 * 2) The countries of the Dual Entente were darwinists and they are against the clanker powers.
 * 3) The map shows that France is against Germany. Russia is attacking Austria-Hungary. Austria -Hungary's knives are bound to Serbia.
 * Map of the Balkans - map of European Alliances.**
 * Why might Serbia have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina?**
 * Why might Russia have been interested in helping further that claim?**
 * Why would Germany and Austria-Hungary have resisted any moves for Bosnian (used to mean Bosnia and Herzegovina) secession from Austria-Hungary?**

10/10

**Case Study****: India and** **Britain.**

 * Class 14 tasks.**
 * Feb./14.**


 * Terms and Names.**
 * Sepoys:** Indian soldiers who were either Hindu or Muslims. They were outraged because they felt that the British were violating their religious laws.


 * Sepoy Mutiny:** As a result of putting down the sepoy mutiny, the British government took over direct rule of India from the East India Company.


 * Congress Party:** The political group that emerged from the meeting held in 1885 by the Indian National Congress. It helped promotin the Independece of India.


 * Mohandas Gandhi:** He was considered a national hero because he used non violent non cooperation to win tax reduction for farmers and to improve the wages of factory laborers. After world war 1, he became directly involved with the congress party. He launched a nationwide campaign against British rule. He also played a major role in securing Indian Independence.


 * Mohammed Ali Jinnah**: He joined the congress party in 1906. He worked hard to unify Hindu and Muslims. He also joined the Muslim League in 1913. Indians called him ' the best ambassador of Hindu- Muslim unity'.


 * Main Ideas:**
 * 1.What were four factors that contributed to Britain's conquest of India?**
 * 1) British military forces were technologically superior to the indians, often defeating armies ten times their size.
 * 2) From 1740 to 1780, many warring Indian Kingdoms were engaged in a fierce power struggle. The resulting chaos give the way for British control.
 * 3) The British in India were well organized and united in their goals, Unlike the Indians.
 * 4) The British brought political stability, an efficient government, and a system of law.

Complex culture in India created tensions between the Indians which caused them to be weaker and disorganized. Also, allowing the English traders to establish trading posts in India and the divisions happened after the Mughal empire helped to expand British power in India. The cause of the sepoy mutiny is the fear that the British were violating the religious customs and believes of the sepoys by smearing the cartridges of the rifles with cow and pig grease. The main result of this mutiny was the British government took over direct rule in India. The Congress Party and the Muslims League worked together to promote self government and independence and they both planed for a constitutional reform in India. Also, Gandhi's nationalistic ideas and the Satyagraha tactic promote independence in India. His nationwide campaign promoted independence too. The failing of Jinnah's efforts in unifying Hindu and Muslim concerns and the rejection from Nehru caused him to battle the Hindu and become separated from them and form a nation called Pakistan.
 * 2.What was the cause of the sepoy mutiny and what was its main result?**
 * 3.Which groups and ideas promoted the Indian independence?**
 * 4.What were the four general principles of Gandhi's philosophy?**
 * 1) Live as simply as possible, never striving for material reward.
 * 2) Be tolerant of the religious beliefs of others.
 * 3) Devote ones life to the service of others.
 * 4) Battle injustice in all its forms, **but never by restoring to violence.**
 * 5.What role did Jinnah play in the partition of India?**


 * Documents:**

The pro Indian documents are the S.N. Sen, Indian Peasant, and Mahatma Gandhi. All were against the British laws and acts against Indians, how they are used to serve the foreign exploiter, and the first document talks about the inequality and how it caused the sepoy mutiny. The pro British documents were Punch Magazine, Sir Alfred Lyall the cartoon shows the justice is against the Indians. Sir Alfred Lyall said the British are teaching and changing India to the better and that Indians had great and permanent benefit.I think Lord Mountbatten is pro Indian and British because he acknowledged the benefits India had form Britain. However, he mentioned that the British committed terrible crimes in India. In my opinion, British had more benefits than losses for Indians. The lower class will have the opportunity to work in any job and they will have the right to form unions. The Indian constitution also prevents discrimination against any citizen and abolished 'Untouchibilty' so the lower class will not be discriminated for their type of job or caste. The British colonization had influenced the Indian life, customs and thinking. That was demonstrated from their support to the great appeal which leaders Mr. Jinnah and Gandhi made together which led to the Independence of India. Britain caused a lot of change in Indians life, Indians became modernize but others are still held to their traditions. Before, 90% of Indians had no proper clothes but now almost everybody is properly dressed and life expectancy was 30 but now it's 60. These examples shows that India went through a huge change and these impacts of British colonization is lasting on the Indians. Difference in religions, values and social systems caused conflict between British and India. The British were trying to live in India as if they are living in Britain. They didn't socialize with iIndians because they thought that Indians were an inferior race.So, racism caused cultural conflict between them.
 * 6.Which of the documents are pro British in nature?Which ones are pro Indian?**
 * 7.How would Indians in the lowest levels of their society benefit from India's Constitution as stated in Document H?**
 * 8.How would British colonization have lasting impact on the people of India? support your answers from the documents.**
 * Critical Thinking:**
 * Analyzing Causes**
 * 9.What were the causes of the cultural conflict between the British and the Indians?**
 * Recognizing Effects:**
 * 10.Identify both positive and negative effects of the British rule in India.**
 * Positive:**
 * 1) Improving health standards in India
 * 2) Improving water systems
 * 3) Transportation
 * 4) Education was provided
 * 5) British kept the machinery of administration running under great difficulties.
 * Negative:**
 * 1) Restricting freedom of Indians.
 * 2) The finish product of raw materials that come from India were sold to Indians at higher price.
 * 3) Civil wars
 * 4) Cultural conflicts.
 * 5) Indians were not allowed to develop competing industries with the British. this helped to block the economic progress and modernization in India. Which is not one of the goals of the white man's burden.

The four general principles were effective because they encourage people with different religions to work together and made them believe on non violent non cooperation tactic. Which was the best way for people to protest unjust laws by simply refusing to obey them. Then the government could not function and his tactic was more powerful than G.B weapons. Muslims demanded a separate nation because the Congress Party's leader rejected Jinnah's pleas for greater rights for Muslims. Which caused frequent clashes between Hindu and Muslims and that led to the partition of India.And because they were the minority in India they wanted to form a different or separate nation. As a result of the economic and political legacy of British colonialism; India was broken up into four separate nations.Also, the clashes between Hindu and Muslims led to the separation of India. - In 1947, British decided to give independence and the partition into two separate nations. India and Pakistan. Pakistan was also consisted of two region East and West Pakistan which are separated by more than a thousand miles. - In 1971, East Pakistan proclaimed its independence as a new nation called Bangladesh. India helped them to be separated from Pakistan. -Ceylon was a British controlled island and it received its independence in 1948 and changed its name to Sri Lanka in 1972.
 * Drawing Conclusion:**
 * 11.How were Gandhi's four general principles effective in dealing with much more powerful Great Britain?**
 * Analyzing Motives:**
 * 12.For what reasons did Muslims demand a separate nation?**
 * Making Inerfrences:**
 * 13.Why did the colony of India Break up into four separate nation?**

20/20


 * Feb/9**
 * Class13 tasks.**


 * Reactions to imperialism.**


 * China

it was hard to open it’s trade. open it(opium) -China want to stop trading but GB threatened them by (opium war). -failed because ( Tradiotional values). -which caused other countries to take over China. so other nations don’t take over it.
 * China was self sufficient so
 * Great Britian found a way to
 * China wanted to be moderanize but
 * US helped China and made open door policy
 * China wanted to change but it failed again
 * Caused Boxer rebellion.( extra territtorial rights). || Japan


 * US wanted Japan to open trade
 * Japan accepted what they want.
 * People got angry.
 * New emperor took control.(eniughtened rule).
 * He wanted to moderanise Japan.
 * He succeeded
 * Gained power
 * And won wars. || UnitedStates

they wanted markets. -Us promised Cube independence.
 * Cuba wanted independence.
 * America went into action because
 * The Spanish- American war.
 * Signaled US as a global power.
 * The war was to gain land.
 * A treaty ended the war.
 * Cuba was free.
 * Puerto Rico-Philippines-Guam was for US.
 * US build naval bases in Cuba.
 * Teller Amendment.
 * US switched from Isolation to imperialism. ||

China
 * Political Cartoons.**

2) China with the chain around its neck can't do anything or defend itself. I think this is after China failed to modernize itself. 3) The European and Japanese are shown as wild animals but some weren't wild but have an evil look in their eyes and carried weapons.Which means that they are violent. 4)Having many countries around china to imperialize it means that China had a valuable thing that make the other countries to compete.
 * 1)** This is anti imperialism because China, the dragon is in a bad situation and other countries are competing to cut pieces of it especially Russia and the lion.

Korea.

1)This anti imperialism because it shows that Japan took over Korea in harsh way. The japanese man is stepping on the korean's head. 2) The Korean man is like a bridge for the Japanese which means that they helped japan to take over them(so obliging).But, the paper the Korean man is holding shows that they were forced. And the expression on his face shows that too. 3) Japanese man is wanting to take over Manchuria maybe to extract their resources. 4) The message is that Korea was forced to give Japan the permission to enter Korea.

America.

1) This is pro imperialism for America.The countries that the US imperialised was improved as shown in the picture. 2)Philippines,Cuba, Hawaii, Puerto Rico,and Panama are all happy after the US rescued them from their oppression. 3) It shows that these countries were oppressed by the Europeans but when the United States imperialised them they improved and become civilized and happy. 4) The message is to show that the United States fought against Spain to do their burden and they achieved it.

1) Feudalism and mercantilism were two economic systems that preceded capitalism. Review and summarize (in your own words) how they generated wealth. How does capitalism DIFFER from these two systems?

Feudalism was a system for structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labor. Mercantilism is when the government controls foreign trade. They both generated wealth by extracting resources just like capitalism. But they differ from capitalism. Capitalism use violence in order to make the mother country rich. 2) According to this lecturer, what forces drive capitalism? 1- Imperialism and colonialism helped the development of capitalism. 2- Violence. 3- Fossil fuels.such as: coal, oil, and natural gas. And the ability to exploit that energy 4- Markets

Your analysis of cartoons is still weak. You were one of the few, however, who noted the important role played by government in mercantilism, as opposed to the small role it plays (theoretically) in capitalism. 16/20


 * Feb/7.**
 * Task 1.Discussing imperialism.**

Britain and France. Maybe because these countries wanted to own more land in Africa because it is rich with mineral resources which is important for the European business.
 * Task 2. Scramble for Africa.**
 * 1) Which countries controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914?**
 * 2) Why do you think these countries had the largest area of Africa?**

It is a meeting that happened in 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations and the U.S met in Berlin to divide Africa into colonial holdings. They agreed that: 1) Any sovereign power that wanted to claim any territory in Africa should inform the other powers. 2)Any country incorporating another country into its domain should be validated by effective occupation. 3)Treaties with African rulers were to be considered a valid title to sovereignty. Which means that the government have the right not only to rule over the territory but also to exist as an independent nation.
 * Task 3. Video notes.**
 * = **Reasons and justifications** ||= **Areas that were Colonized** ||= **Impact of Imperialism (Positive and Negative)** ||
 * Necessity for existing as a nation || Taiwan || - Colonized people adopted Western customs seeing them as superior to their customs ||
 * = Resources ||= parts of China ||= -Spread of racism ||
 * = Change ||= India ||= -Resources of countries are taken ||
 * = Superiority ||= Korea ||= -Slavery ||
 * = subsequent exploitation of the african people ||= the Americas ||= +Education(Uganda) ||
 * = Trade ||= Africa ||= -Civil wars ||
 * Inferior countries need benefits that only European countries can provide ||  || -Dividing ethnic groups created conflicts. ||
 * Some racis were bilogically inferior to others ||  ||= +Spread of Christianity ||
 * Competition between nations for political power. ||  || +Europeans were exposed to arts of other countries. ||
 * I.R increased economic competition in Europe. ||  ||   ||
 * Best use of native land ||  ||   ||
 * Need for bureaucracies in colonies ||  ||   ||
 * Task 4. Questions on European imperialism in Africa.**
 * 1) What was the Berlin Conference?**
 * 2) What were the three outcomes of the conference?**

1) I think it is anti imperialism because it shows that the man is grabbing Africa to claim the gold fields. 2) there is no reaction from Africans against the imperialist. 3) It shows that the British purpose of imperializing Africa is to take the mineral resources of it. 4)I think the author's message is imperialists purpose is to take the benefit from Africa not to develop the people there or raising them up.
 * Task 5.Analysing political cartoons.**
 * Picture #1:**

1) It is pro imperialism because it feels that the man is doing his job. 2) The africans are following the white man which shows that they are satisfied about being imperialised. 3) The picture shows that imperialist's role is to lead the undeveloped people to the light with patience. The white man's face illustrates that he is patient. And the wearing of the children behind him shows that they are undeveloped.Also, his face is light and everything back is darker so maybe that means that he is leading them to the light. 4) I think the author's message is: the benefit of imperialism is to develop the undeveloped with patience.
 * Picture #2:**

1)The imperialist is shown as a snake so i think it is anti imperialism.The snake represents Leopard. The king of Belgium.And the black man represents Congo. 2) The Africans are either pushing back or running away from imperialist. So it means that Africans are against imperialism. 3) It is clear that the king are abusing the imperialised people. The face of the imperialist is shouting with anger and the body of the snake is around the body of the African man which means he is attacking him. 4)Message: Imperialism is against the imperialised people.
 * Picture #3:**


 * Picture #4:**

A. 1)I think it is anti imperialism. The foreigners are scared from the imperialsit. 2)The emotions on the asian man illustrates that he fear the navy. 3) The way the imperialist is standing and pointing with his hand shows that he is dominant and serious. 4) I think it means that the navy is dominant and and the foreigners fear them.

B. 1) Pro imperialism. The Indian is serving the man to shoot the wild animals. 2) I don't know whether the indians consider shooting the wild animals is a good or bad thing. 3) If the wild animals are representing enemies. Imperialists are helping India to defend themselves. 4) Imperialists help their imperialised country.

C. 1) Pro imperialism because it seems that the Englishman is going to help the African man. 2) The African's view is that when the englishman say that he will do something it means that he is going to do it. 3) British imperialists are willing to do what they are asked to do. 4) The benefits of imperialism: helping the imperialised to improve.

1)Anti imperialism. The imperialist is represented as a teacher( the United States) who is threatening the imperialised. 2) The Africans and Asians are threatened from imperialists. It is shown from there faces. 3)The imperialist is trying to teach the undeveloped but with no patience and forcing them to western education. 4) Colonized people are being persecuted.
 * Picture #5:**

1)Anti imperialism. The Black eagle which represents Germany is swooping into the country. 2) The black people consider imperialists as enemies. In the picture they Are holding their weapons to defend themselves. 3) The British imperialists are harsh with the colonies. "on the swoop". 4) Colonized people are mistreated.
 * Picture #6:**

1) Anti imperialism.There are so many people been killed. 2) Asians are mistreated. Many of them were killed. 3) American imperialists are not using justice. In the picture the imperialist is looking at the map off Philippines and not paying attention to the man who is trying to remind him of justice. 4) Imperialists are killing people with no right.
 * Picture #7:**

Evidence of Task 1 discussion? Your chart would be improved if you had differentiated between reasons and justifications. Cartoon 4 could have been analyzed as a collection, rather than looking at each panel individually. It seems you need to develop your skill of analyzing political cartoons, and this is something you will want to practice. 24/30

Where is the imperialism chart and discussion of Darwin's theories that was due Feb. 7th? Is the chart the one above? Please see me about this. 0/10

1.What is “The White Man’s Burden” based on Rudyard Kipling’s description in this poem? "The White Man's Burden" is to rule a territory that is not civilized and pull them to the light. 2.Do you agree or disagree with Kipling’s characterization? Why or why not? I agree if the developed country rule the undeveloped country without discrimination. 3.What does this say about the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800 - early 1900’s? Use specific examples from the poem. It say that European and American did not treat people as human beings when they rule other countries. They see themselves as a high level and all other nations are at lower level. example from the poem: to seek another's profit.And work another's gain. 4.Is KIS an example of “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean society? Why or why not? No it is not. People are treated well with no differentiation. They are not treated based on their nationality, color or appearance.
 * Feb/3**
 * The White Man's Burden**

I'd like to see more thought put into these answers. I hope you understand the poem better now, after the explanation of it in class? 7/10

Evidence of Task 1? For your chart, which


 * Feb/2**
 * Document Based Questions.**

Andrew Carnegie thought that industrialization made America has the best home market and it can outsell the foreign producers. While Fredrick thought that working class help the middle class to become wealthier. However their salaries are not sufficient for themselves. Andrew and Fredrick have different perspectives on the effects of the industrialization.
 * Why would Andrew Carnegie and Fredrick Engels disagree of the effects of industrialization?**

I think she is satisfied with her job because her efforts are being recognized and that the working conditions are good. She seems also satisfied with her life. She has a good boarding place and enough to eat. The girls around her are kind so I think these reasons what make her satisfied and also advising people to come to Lowell because at that time not all factories are the same and women were fighting for there rights.
 * What might be reasons for 16 year old Mary Paul's satisfaction with her job and life in Lowell?**

The political cartoon is showing that Capitalism is harming workers and Socialism is coming for rescue. I think this political cartoon is showing the main idea of socialism which is protecting workers. So I think this would get the workers together in order to support socialism because most workers were not satisfied.
 * Why might the political cartoon by Walter Crane be useful in getting workers to rally to the cause of socialism?**

Where are your Cornell notes for pp 304-306, 308? 0/10

You cannot refer to historical figures by their first names (eg. Frieidrich, Andrew) unless you actually knew them! We generally refer to them by their surnames, or by their full names. You have not explained WHY Carnegie and Engels would have had such differing views. Your answer relating to Mary Paul's positive attitude does not take into account what you already know about how poor working conditions were in textile mills. 8/10


 * Jan/31**
 * Ma****rxism questions.**

1.Would Marx have agree that these countries were communist? I think he wouldn't agree because communism means that all the goods are distributed equally to the people and that there are no social classes.But in these countries the government have all the wealth and people are not treated equally.

2.What has happened to the communist world?and why? The communist world collapse because if people are to be paid equally for their work, even if somebody works harder than the other, they will not put effort on their work and the country will not improve. Also, communist countries did not follow all the principles of Marx, some of the major principles is having no social tensions and distributing the wealth equally.But I think these countries did not follow these rules and maybe this is why they collapse.

3.What do you think of the idea that the growing gap between the rich and the poor in the industrialized world never materialized because of the union movement and reform laws? I think the union movement and the reform laws helped to control the growing of the gap because the union movement succeeded in winning the right to strike which will force the employers to give higher wages and shorter hours to the workers. This will improve the financial condition of the working class. In addition the reform laws prevented employers from hiring children and women which helped the employment of regular workers. This reduced the size of the gap between the rich and poor.

10/10


 * Sundos, this is more a summary than a response to what you saw/read. How do you FEEL? What do you think about these facts? 6/10**

From reading the chapter, I learned that children were a major factor in the industrial revolution. They worked like adults but they were more important for factory owners because they have small fingers which enabled them to sew and fix broken threads,they were cheap, and powerless to defend themselves. The children faced and experienced health issues because of their job. Poor parents send their children to the mines in order to get money so they can live.Also, I learned that some children participated in a parade in order to abolish child slavery.
 * Jan/25**

I agree with this statement because both, urbanization and the industrial revolution, had many positive and negative effects in people's life. Positive effects were the increasing in the population, creating many new jobs, and expanding educational opportunities. Some of the negative effects were: pollution, children labor, and class tension. But most of the long-term effects were positive. So I think they are a mixed blessing.
 * Jan/19**
 * The Industrial Revolution, and the urbanization that accompanied it, have been described as a mixed blessing. To what extent to you agree with this statement?**

[|Mind map]
 * Jan/18 Sorry Sundos, but this link does not take me to your mindmap, so I can't grade it!**

Why did Napoleon's empire collapse? Napoleon did many mistakes that caused the collapse of his empire. He set up the blockade to prevent trade and communication between Great Britain and other European countries. Many people defied this policy. It cause a war between Britain and France lasted for two years. HIs second mistake was the idea of invading Spain and putting his brother as a king. Spanish peasants fighters called guerillas attacked the French army in the Peninsular War. Napoleon lost many of his army. His biggest mistake was the invasion of Russia. The KIng of Russia, Alexander, allowed Napoleon to enter Moscow after destroying it. The army suffered and many of them died from hunger or wounds. These mistakes weakened Napoleon empire.
 * Dec/9**

What are the goals of Congress of Vienna? The congress of Vienna had three goals. First, is preventing the future French aggression by surrounding France with strong countries. Second, restoring a balance of power. Third was restoring the royal families to their thrones.

Explanation of why I chose the image for the quotation. I chose an image of silk gloves because it is the main subject in the quotation."You Cannot Make a Revolution with silk gloves".Joseph Stalin
 * Sep/29**

GLOG. <iframe src="http://edu.glogster.com/glog.php?glog_id=25363942&scale=100" width="960" height="1300" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" style="overflow: hidden;">
 * Nov/16**

Speed dating
 * v./14/10**media type="custom" key="11309420"


 * Nov./10/11**
 * Absolutism questions.**

Absolutism is a theory of kingship where the monarch rules a centralized state with absolute and unlimited power. This monarch is not restricted by any laws except for laws of God.
 * What is absolutism?**

Since the monarch was God's representative on Earth, his decisions became laws without any accountability. In other words, who ever challenged the monarch was challenging God.
 * Explain the justification for absolutism referred to as the 'divine right of kings'.**

1. The calamitous 14th century.People were ready to accept strong monarchs. 2. The Protestant Reformation. 3.Mercantile policies in the 15th century.
 * List the causes of the rise of absolutism in Europe.**


 * Explain briefly how absolutism developed in:**
 * Spain:** Absolutism appeared in Spain due to some dynastic marriages which increased the royal family's territories.Philip II applied the divine right theory and required a bureaucracy to supervise his territories.
 * France:** Absolutism appeared in France in response to a rebellious aristocracy that put the country into internal conflicts.These conflicts led King Louis to take personal control.By believing that he is the God's representative on earth he ruled France with absolute power.
 * England:** In England absolutism has started with the Tudor dynasty and became more pronounced with the Stuart dynasty.Absolutism in England was justified politically rather than religiously.
 * Russia**: Absolutism had existed in Russia since the reign of Ivan III in the 15th century. In the 18th century Peter I entrenched absolutism in Russia.