Erin's+World

Class 49 Debate: Was WWII Inevitable? Pro: Erin Kong Con: Mina Rhee http://youtu.be/8I-henB65Fk

A. 1. This house is blown away, completely destroyed without even ruins of the house due to the shockwave, strong wind, and heat.


 * 1) If a whole town was hit by an explosion like this, everything would just be gone. Completely melted, destroyed without even a single trace. All the people would die, buildings destroyed, and black dust lingering over our town. The future generation who live in my town would have diseases such as cancer. Also, I think somebody is going to bomb the country who bombed our town. Therefore, it would be a nuclear war and Earth’s nature, would be destroyed too.


 * 1) 1. I think that these people wanted the government to 'ban the bomb' because they were afraid of the outcomes of the bombs. They were scared that their governments would use them against other countries. Then the targeted countries would now target them. Also, many of them just wanted peace in general.

2. I think that there was such a wide range of people in the CND because they knew that the nuclear weapons would effect everyone. Also, everyone wanted peace regardless of their age and gender.

Goals United Nations: keeping peace among nations ensuring security The Marshall Plan: help Europe recover, reduce communism Warsaw Pact: For Soviet Union to match up against the NATO alliance
 * 1) The USA worried that USSR’s weapons including bombs would be more advanced and effective at killing than theirs. Therefore, the USA could not allow the USSR to have better weapons than them. In order to have advantage over USSR, they needed to develop nuclear weapons instead of banning them.

__Most Significant Historical Event__ I believe that the fall of the Berlin Wall was the most significant event. The wall is a symbol of division between the Communist and Democratic worlds. When the wall fell, it means the unity between the Communist and Democratic world. In fact, a lot of separated countries were united except for North and South Korea. Therefore, the fall of the Berlin Wall, indicating the unity of Communist and Democratic worlds also give hope to unification of Koreas.

CAUSES
 * 1) the policies of the Communist regime in the USSR in conflict with Allies
 * 2) Distrust between Soviet Union and it's allies.
 * 3) USSR was becoming a threat when it expanded its territories before and in the beginning of WWII
 * 4) USA creating atomic bomb
 * 5) free market Capitalism and government-run economy clashed with each other

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Class 47 I don’t think it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes. All supporters of the war crimes are responsible for the deaths of many people. Italy, led by Mussolini was also one of the main leaders of the Axis forces and a fascists along with Nazis. Therefore, I believe that Italy should’ve been punished too.

Venn diagram turned in hard copy. 9/10

Class 46 Twins The fact that the Jews were forcefully experimented really shocked me. This goes against human rights which is an unforgivable crime. Because of the brutal experiments, many died and many women could never have babies. I feel horrible when I think about those who got their arms cut off, bodies dissected just for some experiments. I believe that we should really punish who even thought of brutally experimenting on others especially young children.

Brother I felt strong anger toward the German soldier who beat up young boy until the boy passed out. That is a serious abuse that a young boy cannot handle. Also, he was too young to handle the death of his family. I feel sorry for him when I think about the death of his family. Just by imagining my parents dead, I am already scared and sad even though I am 15.

Mordechai Eladar “They weren’t living people but were breathing” this quote from Eladar describes exactly what the people were like. I was really shocked that dead did not impress Eladar because he’ve seen so many. Also, I can understand that he had to strip dead people so he could stay warmer. Some might say that it was a little selfish but I would do that too if I was in a same situation.

Zane Farbstein Even though I watched the document, I still can’t believe how inhumane the soldiers were. Burning people and dead bodies are against basic human nature. I wish Germans had realized what they were doing to those innocent Jews faster.

Yaakov hollander I can understand why he would cry because he couldn’t leave any cake for his brother. I would be really sad that I couldn’t do anything for my brother too. I usually don’t save anything for my brother and now realized that I be nice to him while he’s there.

Sophia Englesman I can’t imagine how she felt like when none of her siblings survived. When I see my brother even getting picked on or teased by others, I feel angry. The deaths of her siblings would have gave her serious mental damage.

9.5/10

Class 45 Costs of World War II: Allies and Axis 1. Russia 2. US spent more money on war than Japan and Germany

Military Casualties World War I and World War II There were several factors that increased the death rates during World War II. First, in World War II, the militaries used more advanced weapons and technology such as aircrafts and nuclear bombs. These weapons had powerful impact on deaths of civilians and soldiers. Second, in World War II, more militaries made sudden attacks on civilians and big cities such as London. Therefore, civilians who weren't aware of the attacks suffered a great deal.

Displaced Persons Many Poland refugees lost everything while they were fleeing in a crowded cities. They lost their families, money, and they couldn't carry all of their belongings. Also, they didn't have good shelter to rest and sleep. For example, they were only given a roof to sleep under and a hot tea.

Internment Camps Government had a negative attitude toward Japanese American. This is because the soldiers are rounding up the Japanese Americans.

8-10 and B
 * 8. Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 23-26, 1944)**

Japanese destroyed American fleets in order to stop Allies. However Allies only needed focus on Japanese army and kamikaze since Japanese navy is defeated.


 * 9. Battle of Okinawa (April 1-June 21, 1945)**

More than 100,000 Japanese suffered from battle of Okinawa.


 * 10. Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 6, August 9, 1945)**

The bomb wiped out the city and then Japanese surrendered.

Bernard Montgomery was a British general on the Allies side during World War II. During the Battle of El Alamein, he led Allies and defeated Rommel’s army. Dwight Eisenhower was an American general, who command both American and British forces against the Germans. Eisenhower commanded the Allies to invade Normandy on D-Day which eventually brought victory of the Allies.

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Class 44 A. Analyzing Causes and Recognizing Effects. As you read this section, note how each of the following events or campaigns contributed to the Allie’s victory in World War II 1. Battle of El Alamein 2. Operation Torch Afrika Korps was crushed in May 1943. 3. Battle of Stalingrad 4. Invasion of Italy 5. Propaganda campaigns on home fronts 6. D-Day Invasion 7. Battle of the Bulge
 * By November 4, Rommel’s army fell back
 * November 8, an Allied force attacked in Morocco and Algeria
 * German army, caught between Montgomery’s and Eisenhower’s armies, Rommel’s
 * The German advanced to Moscow late in 1941-->Faced bitter winter which made their situation worse.
 * On November 19, Soviet troops launched a counterattack; Closing in around Stalingrad, they trapped the Germans inside and cut off their supplies.
 * The conquest of Sicily toppled Mussolini from power
 * On September 3, Italy surrendered.
 * Germans seized control of northern Italy and put Mussolini back in charge but Germans retreated northward
 * To inspire their citizens to greater efforts, Allied governments conducted highly effective propaganda campaigns (United the Country)
 * The government propaganda mocked Japan into enemy after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor (United the country)
 * lead to retreat of Germany
 * By September, they liberated France, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
 * As Allied forces moved toward Germany from the west, the Soviet army was advancing toward Germany from the east. Hitler now faced a war on two fronts.
 * lead to retreat of German

Video Paragraph Although both videos are about WWII, these videos focus on different situations of the WWII. In the Hollywood video, the battle was shown, indicating that it was brutal. However, the documentary was rather bright. It showed many people who expressed happiness. The backgrounds of the film was also different. The Hollywood video was showing battle between Allies and German on a beach, whereas the documentary which took place in France, only showed the successful progress of the Allies. Although the documentary showed more primary sources (video clips), it was too focused on the successful progress of Allies. One of the most important role as historian is to look at an event from several different point of view. Therefore, I believe that the Hollywood video is more true in conveying history and informing the audiences.

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Class 43 Japanese Internment I believe that Japanese internment was unfair. Since German-Canadian was not interned in the US or Canada, Japanese American, Japanese Canadian should also not be interned. After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, U.S. interned Japanese-Americans because Americans were mad at Japanese in general and also thought those people would harm them. However, there is no specific evidence that they harmed Americans. Also, German-Canadians weren’t interned although Germany was a big threat to a lot of countries during World War I, and II. The only difference between Germans and Japanese is that Japanese is Asians, “colored” people. Therefore, since this issue can be considered a racism, I believe that Japanese internment was not a fair action taken by the U.S. and Canada.

Walt Disney Cartoon Questions What wartime images do you recognize from your study of the war?

I recognize the symbol of the Nazis, SS Uniform, perfect and sharp march of the SS soldiers, some bombs and weapons, image of Hitler, and fforced labor on Donald, the duck.

What are some of the messages of this cartoon?

This cartoon is trying to say that Nazis is bad. The forced labor on the duck shows that living under Nazis is very tiring, and the amount of respect to Hitlers from others show how much the citizens have to be loyal to Hitler. However, living in America, Americans can enjoy their freedom, peace. Therefore, this cartoon’s main message is to support America over the Nazis.

Why do you think companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war?

I think that companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war to encourage others to believe and support America in War by using propaganda. These cartoons also educate children that America is the best and unifies the whole country as glorious, proud, powerful America. Therefore, production of these cartoons was to fulfill the purpose of unifying and supporting America.

Political cartoon Questions What is in the cartoon? Explain the symbolism you see.

Uncle Sam is symbolizing the USA, the workers represent the American citizens. The container labeled, "Christmas packages for 1944" sign symbolizes December, the same month that Germany declared war on U.S. The scrap paper processing plant represents the processing of making war materials using resources from the citizens. The missile labeled, 'Adolf' probably foreshadows that US is going to bomb Germany. The box holding the scrap papers labeled, 'U.S.A. Salvage Program' represents something useful as it converts scrap paper into something useful.

What is the intended message of the cartoon?

The intended message of this cartoon is that everyone needs to participate, support America in war in order for America to win the war. Just like little scrap paper can become something useful when they are all collected together, the united citizens can bring some good future results for America.

Three significant facts Children at war
 * Over 3,500,000 children, women and old people were evacuated to escape from German attacks
 * many of the children were happy, that they were going away to somewhere different
 * Some children who stayed at homes learned that their home is the best place

Rationing
 * Food rationing came into force in January 1940
 * Foods (rice, jam, biscuits, tinned food and dried fruit)were rationed by points.
 * Each family had to register with a shop

Women at war - shortage of workers in factories so women go to factories to work - Women’s Voluntary Service; tasks such as evacuees, driving ambulances, running canteens and looking after wounded soldiers - Women join the Auxiliary Territorial Service; tasks such as (driving trucks, digging roads, filing sandbags)

Messages of war
 * many propaganda posters were used
 * propaganda posters encourage citizens to support the war
 * some posters warn children to move to ‘safe places.’ warns that some cities are dangerous

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Class 42 1. Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? Japan attacked USA because they believed that the USA was hindering their expansion. USA was supporting China's nationalist government and helped China, by providing fighter pilots go against Japan. Furthermore, USA made Neutrality Acts in 1935 which don’t allow USA from sending war materials to other countries including Japan. USA also expanded their navy and moved to Pearl Harbor. USA president, Franklin Roosevelt demanded Japan’s withdrawal from Indochina and China which didn’t please Japan.

1st Cartoon The League of Nations is hoping and asking the United States to stop the fight between Japan and China. The fact that League of Nations want U.S to stop the fight between Japan and China shows that Japanese expansion is negative.

2nd Cartoon This cartoon is from Japanese point of view. Skinny, frowning Asians are carrying Uncle Sam and the other white, fat man on a palanquin labeled Anglo-Saxon Imperialism. Japanese believe that western people think that they are at a higher position than Asians, and live comfortably while Asians are suffering. Therefore, Japanese expansion is positive because it provides possibility for Asians to be at a higher position than a white man.

3rd Cartoon This cartoon is saying that the powerful Japan (a big, thick, muscular arm) ignore the orders from the League of Nations. The weak League of Nations is illustrated as the paper which is being burned. This cartoon shows that the Japanese expansion won’t be stopped by the League of Nation.

4th Cartoon This cartoon is showing that Japanese expansion is negative and will be stopped. The Australia illustrated as a kangaroo is getting prepared against their enemy, Japan. The Japanese soldier in the cartoon is taking a step towards New Guinea, while the kangaroo and another soldier are holding guns to fight.

Japan's Pacific Campaign A. Draw Conclusions a. What happened? b. What is the significance?
 * //B. Summarizing//** Identify Isoroku Yamamoto and McDouglas MacArthur.

Isoroku Yamamoto was Japan's most skilled naval strategist. He led Japan in many battles including WWII. He also called for the attack on the U.S. McDouglas MacArthur was a general leading the Allied forces in the Pacific. He ordered to take Japanese strongholds, and weak islands near them. Both leaders were great strategists who made important plans for invading enemy’s territory.

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Class 41

How did British hold off German attacks? Although British military was weaker than Germany’s, British were able to hold off German invasions. There are several factors that helped Britain. First, British had its secret weapon, radar. Radar detect the height, distance, speed, and size of enemy aircrafts, which allowed Britain to be aware and prepared for German’s attack. Great communication system between radar station and the Royal Air Force fighters contributed to the preparation of Britain. Second, British had the Royal Air Force, their most skilled fighters. Third, British citizen were greatly involved and helped during the war. They donated their money, belongings for production of aircrafts and other weapons. In summary, British were able to hold off German invasions because of their advanced communication system and their citizens’ great effort.

6 Questions 1. What was Operation Sea Lion?

Operation Sea Lion was the operation to invade Britain.

2. Why did the battle not look good for Britain?

British lacked weapons and air crafts. The Germans had about 1500 bomber aircrafts and about 1000 fighter planes, but British only had 750 fighter planes.

3. What advantage did Britain have?

Britain had its secret weapon, radar. It allowed the British to tell the distance, speed, height of the enemy aircrafts.

4. What was Germany's mistake?

Germany’s mistake was its attacked on London and other cities which harmed civilians.

5. What was the impact of the bombing of London? How did the bombing of London aid Britain's cause? The bombing of London killed many civilians, destroyed homes, factories. However, it gave British time for recovering their damaged air fields.

6. Why was the outcome of the battle of Britain significant for the Allies?

It was significant for the Allies because it showed that the British were still strong and showed that it could stop Germany’s invasions.

Podcast notes
 * Poland, Denmark, Norway, France invaded Germans by summer 1940
 * Operation Sea Lion> invade Britain
 * German: lots of weapon/aircrafts, Britain:X
 * Radar: British secret weapon to tell distance and speed, height of enemy aircrafts
 * Factories in Britain produce aircrafts
 * high demand for pilots in Britain
 * Germans attack radar stations, air fields
 * Hitler ordered soldiers to attack London and other British cities starting from Sept 7.
 * Many British civilians killed
 * Sept. 15, 60 German aircraft shot down, only 13 British aircraft shot
 * Germans shocked by British air force’s strength
 * postponed invasion of Britain

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 * Notes p488-492**
 * moved to Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia
 * got Polish Corridor to Germany in 1939


 * Germany Sparks a New War in Europe**
 * Non-aggression act (Germany, Russia)
 * agreed to divide Poland between Germany, Russia
 * attacked Poland (September 1, 1939)
 * France and Britain declared war on Germany Sept. 3
 * blitzkrieg: Making surprise attacks on enemies
 * Russia gained Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia;Finland resisted a few month
 * surprise attack on Denmark and Norway by Germany on April 9, 1940
 * Denmark surrendered after few hours, Norway surrendered after two months


 * Notes 04/29/12**
 * p 21-25**

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1.His life up to 1933 -born in 1889 in Braunau, in Austria. -supported nationalist parties, hate socialist parties -hate Jews and foreigners -join the German army WWI -‘V man’, spying on political parties to find out if they were dangerous. -Joined German Workers Party in 1919, changed the name to 'National Socialist German Workers Party'(Nazi Party). -tried to overthrow the government by force, a putsch put to prison. -Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933.
 * Notes 04/25/12**
 * Adolf Hitler**

2.His ideas -‘Mein Kampf’, found most of his ideas -The Fuehrer principle: ruled by a single, strong leader -Lebensraum: more land to live and work -Race: Human beings are divided into races -Communism: Anti semitism: Jews must be destroyed -The Treaty of Versailles: destroy france

1. Election Campaign of March 1933 Election arranged in 1933, Nazi party take most seats in Reichstag Communist Marianus van der Lubbe caught fire before the election Law for Protection of People and State forbid Communist and Socialists from participating in election campaign
 * How Hitler established his dictatorship**

2. Results of the election Hitler and Nazis won under half the vote

3.The Enabling Law, March 1933 -Hitler made laws without asking the Reichstag

4.The take over of local governments Nazi Party was the only party allowed to exist in Germany.

5.The banning of trade unions -Closed the trade unions

6.The ‘Nights of the Long Knives’, 1934 -Roehm and the other SA leaders were taken by Hitler’s orders, taken to prison and shot.

7.Hitler becomes Fuehrer, 1934 -President Hindenburg death -Hitler took over the Presidency

8.The army’s oath of loyalty. - On August 2, 1934, officers, soldiers swore oath - Armed soldiers, and Germans with power to go against Hitler required to swear oath

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Oral Quiz #4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jZUp9lVbw8 Very well done! 10/10


 * 04/17/2012**
 * Task 1**
 * Task 2**

//New York Times// Great Depression: Hinderance of Development of America Thesis: The terrible economic situation caused us, Americans to lower down our living condition. Topic 1: Nowadays, the living standard lowered; people are living in tents, huts. Topic 2: As the Great Depression went on, our proud citizens started to move out. Topic 3: Our men fight for any kind of jobs to support our families.

International Herald Tribute Headline Great Depression: Economic Chaos Thesis: The Great Depression is not just a simple economic crisis Topic 1: Workers were not satisfied with their work Topic 2: Farmers also experienced the devastating economic crisis Topic 3: Tension between employees and employers are rising

Since these articles are supposed to be written as those these photos were taken now, they should not be using the past tense. Notes for Station 3? Fortunately, I am not grading them this time. 9/10

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XINpdNygnE Very clear and well-organized. An excellent first effort. 10/10
 * Oral Quiz 1**

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cw_V56arqtk&feature=youtu.be Be careful with language. "China opened its doors to the rest of the COUNTRY"? (world?) "Very not true" = "very untrue". These are minor issues, but practice using language with precision to express your thoughts better. Organization could be improved. 9.5/10
 * Oral Quiz 2**

http://youtu.be/ZzTtpzwVN7Q Very well done. 10/10
 * Oral Quiz 3**

Before the Treaty of Versailles, China had several problems such as unequal political and economic rights, and foreign countries’ control over China. After the Treaty of Versailles was signed when the World War I was over, Chinese land was given to Japanese. Chinese became furious due to their loss of land which led to the first step of revolution, May Fourth Act.
 * Station 1**

From the early 1600s to the mid 1800s, Japan was isolated. However, it had relations with China and Korea and had limited contact with Dutch traders. This was changed in 1853 when America crossed Japanese water. In 1854, Japan agreed to open up trade to the US and other European nations.
 * Station 2**
 * Entrance to the world

Japanese were upset with the shogun (military dictator) because he agreed to these new treaties involving trade with other nations. Emperor Mutsuhito overthrew the shogun, and resigned for 45 years between 1867 to 1912. This was called Meiji era. The emperor was determined to modernize his country and sent government officials to Europe and the United States. Japan modeled the government after Germany and built its army after Germany’s. It also adapted the American system of schooling for all children. Its industrialization allowed to build railroads, mined coal, and factories. Japanese economy equaled almost any in the world, and soon became the strongest military power in Asia.  compares the economic, education, military growth after and before Meiji Era.
 * Modernization

When china send armies into Korea, Japan went into war because China broke the agreement. Japan drove China out of Korea and gained Taiwan and other islands as its new colonies. To gain China’s Manchurian territory, Japan and russia fought a war in 1904. This was the incident that surprised the world. Russia, larger and powerful country that was supposed to win, lost to small Asian country Japan.  Shows the japanese territory before and after Meiji Era
 * Expansion

Japan attacked Korea in 1905 and by 1910, it won complete control. Japanese was a harsh ruler. It shut down Korean newspapers and changed schools so that only Japanese language and history were taught. It took away land from Korean farmers and gave it to Japanese settlers. Also, it built factories to be run by Japanese only and did not allow Koreans to start new businesses.  shows what they did to Koreans ex. torture
 * Korean Invasion

At the time of the Manchurian incident, the entire world criticized Japan. Japan’s excuse or justification of invading China and Korea was simple. It argued that white race sent warships and troops to India, South Africa, Australia, slaughtered innocent natives, tortured them, proclaimed these territories as their own. Therefore, since the white race did such an act, there was no reason for Japan to be criticized for invading weaker countries.
 * Justification

Mao was a better leader than Stalin. Although there were many deaths during his reign, there are several differences between Mao and Stalin. The Russian citizens have a very negative view of Stalin and are still angry today due to the harsh deaths and tortures. They also believe that Stalin didn’t progress Russia at all. He failed to protect Russia, and made it even worse. Also, Stalin was the only one to blame since he ruled by himself and killed people who are smarter than him.
 * Station 3**

Even though some Chinese talk about how people suffered under his rule, others also believed that he was a good leader who provided satisfying policies. Mao earned and kept the independence of China and lead China out of the problems that it was involved in. Furthermore, Chinese show great respect toward Mao because the restaurants sell his favorite food, and gift shops sell Mao souvenir. During Mao’s rule, he had four other leaders who ruled with him so the blame couldn’t be all his. In summary, Mao was a better leader than Stalin because others still have a positive view toward Mao.

Well done. 10/10

TASK 3 1. What is the message that this poster is trying to get out to the Russian people?

This poster is trying to get Russian people to be on Red Army’s side to support Lenin. Its caption, Who are you with, them or us?(1920) tells us that them is the enemy and us is the red army. This is because the drawing of the enemy is fat and small where as the red army is big and centered.

2. Do you find this piece of propaganda to be compelling? Why or why not?

I don’t find this poster compelling. This is because the poster doesn’t seem convincing but scary. However, the Russians at that time would have to be in Red Army’s side considering the scary and threatening rule under Stalin. The poster isn’t reasonable enough to convince me to support the Red Armies. To me, the poster says, “We are going to kill you if you don’t join our side because you are a traitor”. Therefore, if I was a Russian citizen, I would have to support Lenin even though I don’t find this compelling.

TASK 2 media type="file" key="9F- Erin Kong- Stalin is a bad guy 2.mp3" width="240" height="20"

TASK 1 Why did Russia have a revolution in 1917? There were several reasons as to why Russia had a revolution in 1917. In general, the bad conditions before the WWI, czar’s dumb decisions provoked the citizens to get mad. Also, the major event that blew people to get angry was the World War I. Alexander III cracked down on anyone who seemed to threaten his government, and oppressed all non-russian peoples who lived within the Russian empire, especially Jews. The working conditions were poor, wages were low, and children were forced to work while the rapid industrial growth was taking place. Furthermore, in World War I, Russia had four million soldiers killed, wounded, or captured. In addition to that, soldiers refused to fight, prices were high, and people starved.

04/06 The Treaty of Versailles reflected the different personalities and agendas of the men in power at the end of World War I. Woodrow Wilson, American president was known as a wise and calm man. For example, although the war caused a lot of destruction and devastating results, he didn’t demand Germany for its repair. Furthermore, he brought up fourteen wise points for the peace of the world. On the other hand, Georges Clemenceau from France was the opposite of Woodrow Wilson. He had strong demands and hardly agreed to Wilson’s peace making points The agendas of the men in power at the war shows the unfairness. For example, the powerful countries gave independence to other countries but not to their colony.

Q: Why might Serbia have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina? Why might Russia have been interested in helping further that claim? Why would Germany and Austria-Hungary have resisted any moves for Bosnian (used to mean Bosnia and Herzegovina) secession from Austria-Hungary?

Serbia might have wanted Bosnia and Herzegovina because Serbia, and portion of Bosnia and Herzegovina was occupied by Slavs. Therefore, Serbia wanted to increase its power by adding all the Slavs in the neighboring regions. Russia might have been interested in helping because Russia was also occupied by Slavs and wanted to help out its own ethnic group. Austria-Hungary and Germany would have resisted any moves for Bosnian secession from Austria-Hungary because they will loose land and people of different ethnic group and decrease in power.

The verb is spelled "lose". "Loose" is an adjective, meaning "not tight". Your answer to the third question is correct but incomplete. Ask yourself what more there is to say on the subject. 9/10


 * Please date each assignment, and give it a title!**



Nationalism provided more positive impacts. Although nationalism created conflicts between nations and ignored the minority, uniting together to develop and improve the country is very important. To achieve the goal of national unity, the effort of citizens to put aside their differences were crucial. Many people realized that it is better to work together than alone through the revolutions which needed many people’s voice. Through nationalism, citizens overcame differences, the colonial rule was abolished, democracy spread throughout the world, and the scientific inventions developed and improved significantly. In summary, due to the fact that the countries that practice nationalism propelled forward.

1. Using the table above, explain the characteristics of each type of Nationalistic movement in your own words. Unification, separation, and state-building are the types of Nationalistic movements. When lands are politically divided but culturally similar, it is described as unification. When cultural group break away from assimilated culture. When culturally different groups accept a single culture, it is State-building.

2. What do you think would have happened to the empires (e.g. Austrian Empire, Ottoman Empire) during the rise of nationalism? The empires were involved in many conflicts and wars because they didn’t accept the nationalism. Since the wars lasted for a long period, the empires lost their territory, power.

Cartoon
 * 1) The cartoonist use boot, the shape of Italy to represent Italy.’
 * 2) Garibaldi is portrayed as a King’sassistance who helps him to put the boot on. Garibaldi is looking down instead of looking at the King. He also seems like he is no longer fighting because he put aside his sword.
 * 3) The cartoonist was predicting the unification of Italy.

1. What was unusual about the territory of Prussia as it existed in 1865? The fact that the east and west parts were not joined was unusual. Usually, territories are in undivided clump The east and west parts of Prussia's territory were not joined, which is strange because usually territories are in one undivided group.

2. After 1865, what year saw the biggest expansion of Prussian territory? The year 1871 was the biggest expansion. South German states and small regions that were conquered from France was added.

Cartoon is not well analyzed. You need to put more effort into this, or ask for help so I can assist you in developing this skill. Answers need to be more thoughtfully considered to be complete.

Assignment is incomplete. 16/20

__**Term & Names**__ 1. Sepoys: the Indian soldiers under the British rule. Sepoys were important because they started the Sepoy Mutiny.

2. Sepoy Mutiny: Sepoy Mutiny was the turning point for the British rule in India. This is important because it widened the cultural, religious, and political divisions between British and Indians.


 * 1) Congress Party: The Congress Party members were concerned with the equality for Indians. The Congress Party is important because it caused and motivated the Indians to be more nationalistic.


 * 1) Mohandas K. Gandhi: Gandhi was an Indian nationalist who believed in nonviolent protest and the brotherhood among all Indians. He was important because he found a nonviolent and successful way to rebel agains British.

5. Muhammad Ali Jinnah: Muhammad Ali Jinnah was an Indian nationalist lawyer who disagreed with Gandhi’s tactics. He was important because he failed to unify the Muslim and Hindu which led to separation of Hindu and Muslim.

__**Main Ideas**__ 1. What were four factors that contributed to Britain's conquest of India? There were four factors were the gap between British and Indian military in terms of power, fierce chaos and disorganized politic of India, well organized British in India, political stability, efficient government, and system of law brought by Britain.

2. What was the cause of the Sepoy Mutiny and what was its main result? The cause of the Sepoy Mutiny was the British act of threatening, ignoring, not respecting the Indians. It resulted in enforcement of direct rule of India by the British.

3. Which groups and ideas promoted the Indian independence? Congress Party and Muslim League, Democracy, equality, and independence promoted the Indian independence.

4. What were the four general principles of Gandhi's philosophy? The four general principles of Gandhi’s philosophy were idea of living simply as possible, being tolerant of the religious beliefs and, devoting one’s life to the service of others, and battle injustice in all its forms with no violence.

5. What role did Jinnah play in the partition of India? Jinnah tried to unify the groups of Muslim and Hindu, but failed. This resulted with the separation of Muslims and Hindu. Later, he established a new independent Muslim country, Pakistan and served as leader of Pakistan.

__**Documents**__ 6. Which of the documents are pro British in nature?Which ones are pro Indian? The pro British documents are C, E, and G. The pro Indian documents are A, D, F, H, and L.

7. How would Indians in the lowest levels of their society benefit from India's Constitution as stated in Document H? According to Document H, Indians in the lowest levels of the society benefited from the protection of law and equal rights. They had rights to assemble without arms, open to freedom of speech, form unions, move anywhere in India to settle.

8. How would British colonization have lasting impact on the people of India? support your answers from the documents. In Document J, it clearly shows the development of Indian economy for example, it depicts the people farming. It also it depicts advance of technology by showing the airplane

9. What were the causes of the cultural conflict between the British and the Indians? The sheer difference in British and Indian customs caused cultural conflict because the British try to only keep their own culture as culture in Britain.
 * Critical Thinking**

10. Identify both positive and negative effects of the British rule in India. The British brought many positive effects while ruling India. British stabilized and created political and economical systems, and improved the technology. The negative effect of the British rule in India was unequal payments of Indians.

11. How were Gandhi's four general principles effective in dealing with much more powerful Great Britain? Gandhi's four general principles were effective in dealing with Britain because they were opposite of philosophies of Britain. For example, one of Gandhi’s philosophies is keep away from material greed which is exact opposite of Imperialists.

12. For what reasons did Muslims demand a separate nation? Muslims demand a separate nation because the conflicts between nations got bigger. For example, Congress Party and the Muslims didn’t agree with each other, and the conflicts among Muslim and Hindu led to the separation of country.

13. Why did the colony of India break up into four separate nation? The colony of India broke up into four separate nation because of the conflicts between Hindu and Muslim. This led the country to separate into India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka. =

Please pay attention to details like the way you are numbering your answers. 20/20

= =1. Chart=

=2. Political Cartoon=

=3. Two Questions= 1. When land was the equivalent of wealth, feudalism generated money by class giving land to the below social class, which provided labor and money. Mercantilism generated money by having more exports than imports. This lead to having gold in the country’s treasury. Capitalism generates money through a free market. Capitalism is different from these two systems because no government meddle with investment, and trade. 2. The successful economic growth was brought by Capitalism. The economic system in Capitalism was very beneficial. For example, trading and having factories significantly increased the income.

Cartoons still need work as you have misunderstood particularly #2. Your definition of mercantilism is incomplete -- trade is also a characteristic of capitalism, so how do you separate these two? 16/20

= Task 1: = Discuss table from the Reading on Imperialism with a partner.

__Task 2: Scramble for Africa__
Take a look at the map below (or online text pp 343) 1) Which countries controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914? - British controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914 and French came in second. 2) Why do you think these countries had the largest area of Africa? - British, French, and other powerful European countries controlled the sections in Africa. However, I think British and French controlled the most land because the industrialization had developed faster than other countries which allowed them to explore Africa more powerfully than other countries. Also, since Britain was producing more products from their factory, Britain needed more raw materials than other countries which gave Britain the motivation to explore Africa for more and high quality raw materials. = Task 3: = //Watch the video below and continue to add to your notes. Make sure that you include the long term impacts of Colonization as well.// -conflict started in 1986 -West's greediness resulted in taking away African resources -Christianized Africa -educating Africans for their benefits -Britain land: Kairo to cape town, western region, and Nigeria (replacing African Culture with theirs) -French land: East west, Madagascar - (-)effects: Slavery, cause of genocide,war -Uganda Prime Minister quit b/c of Britain and Israel's power -NRA was made, aim for whole country -revolutions caused Laquella to be weakened

= Task 4: = For more information read [|**European Imperialism in Africa (Overview)**] on ABC Clio (user id is **kis**, pw is **welcome**) and answer the questions below 1) What was the Berlin Conference? The Berlin Conference regulated European Colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, and occurred with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power. 2) What were the three outcomes of the conference? The conference established three agreements.
 * 1) any sovereign power desires to claim any territory, they must inform other powers "in order to... make good any claim of their own".
 * 2) any invasion or annexation should be validated, or verified by effective occupation.
 * 3) treaties with African rulers are to be considered a valid title to sovereignty.

= Task 5: = __**Key Skill: Analyzing Political Cartoons (ask the teacher for the handout)**__ Look through the 'Images of Imperialism' handout. For //__**each**__// of the images answer the following questions //__**using evidence from the image**__// to support your ideas.
 * //NOTE: You really need to analyze why an Artist has used certain images or words. Remember: a picture is worth a 1000 words!!!//**

1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know? 2) What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations? 3) What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists? 4) What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//**OR**//__ costs of imperialism?

__Image 1__ 1. This image is anti imperialism, because the European man is portrayed as fat and greedy man that is putting hands on other countries. 2. Africa is viewed as a continent of resources because it has the words “Gold Fields” written over it. 4. The author thinks that imperialism is about money and profit of Europe.
 * 1) The imperialists are greedy people who only care about the benefit of themselves.

__Image 2__ 1. This image is pro imperialism, because the British man is calm, civilized, and is a leader of the Africans 3. The British are leaders who will bring a better future for Africans.
 * 1) All the Africans in the picture are small, which tells me that European views African as immature
 * 1) The author is saying that imperialists are doing this for the Africans

__Image 3__ 4. The author is conveying that imperialism is related to cruel treatment of the natives.
 * 1) This image is anti imperialism, because it depicts the imperialist countries as a snake wearing a crown.
 * 2) The Africans are being tortured by the snake, which shows how the imperialist countries could affect Africans negatively.
 * 3) The imperialists are shown as evil people

__Image 4__ 4. The author is trying to say that the imperialists are encouraging the imperialism.
 * 1) This image is pro imperialism, because it shows British pride
 * 2) Africans and Indians are shown as friendly slaves who are helping and benefitting the British.
 * 3) The British are shown as more superior than Indians and Africans.

__Image 5__ 1. This image is pro imperialism, because the white imperialists are shown as a strict-looking but not a mean teacher. 3. The Americans look strict but they are actually educating and benefiting Africans.
 * 1) The colonized countries are drawn as dark-skinned children who are protesting about the lesson, which shows me that they are unintelligent.
 * 1) Imperialism is benefitting conquered countries because imperialists are enlightening them

__Image 6__ 2. The Africans believe that imperialism is bad and therefore, they are protesting. 3. The European imperialists are seeking to benefit themselves just like an eagle looking for its food. 4. Africans are viewed as the helpless ones.
 * 1) This image is anti imperialism, because European imperialists are depicted as an eagle wearing a crown, with its feet ready to grab the Africans.

__Image 7__ 1. This image is anti imperialism because the imperialists are shown as a businessman with no interest in the dying and suffering people. 2. African are viewed as the victim
 * 1) Europeans are viewed a very cruel person.
 * 2) The cost of imperialism is suppose to be the value and respect for other races however Europeans tend to fail that task.

Cartoon analysis is incomplete, and indicates you need to do more work on improving your understanding of this type of image. 26/30

1. Darwin Passage quotes from the passage: “struggle will generally be more severe between species of the same genus, when they come into competition with each other, than between species of distinct genera.” “variations useful to any organic being ever do occur, assuredly individuals thus characterized will have the best chance of being preserved in the struggle for life;”

Do Darwin’s theories apply to culture and society? Why or why not? Use the excerpts above and strong examples to support your points. Darwin’s theories clearly apply to culture and society in several ways. He mentioned that there are more intense competitions among the people with common characteristics in same grouping. This could also also mean that they struggle more with each other than with other species. People tend to struggle to keep their culture and existence just as the indigenous people tried to protect their own traditions and culture from the invasion. Darwin also emphasized that there is survival of the fittest. In survival of the fittest, one who has good traits pass on its genes to the next generation. This is similar to how weak and “uncivilized” countries follow European countries’ culture which would eventually eliminate their own cultures.

2.

Integrate quotes into your answer, rather than having them separate. Good work on both the answer to the DBQ and the table! 10/10

In Kipling’s poem, “The White Man’s Burden” is the duty of imperializing nations to bring western culture and sensibility to the savage native populations that were encountered in far off lands. I disagree with Kipling’s characterization, because he thinks the undeveloped country is country that need help without people’s voice, or opinion. Developed countries believe that they are doing these things for nation’s people’s benefit, however I think it is for their countries benefit.
 * 1.What is “The White Man’s Burden” based on Rudyard Kipling’s description in this poem?**
 * 2.Do you agree or disagree with Kipling’s characterization? Why or why not?**

I think the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800s to early 1900s was arrogant. The phrase, "Your new-caught, sullen peoples Half devil and half child" is criticizing the “uncivilized” countries. This clearly shows that the White man thought they were top of other nations.
 * 3.What does this say about the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800 - early 1900’s? Use specific examples from the poem.**

KIS is an example of highly raced school, but it is not “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean Society. This is because the school was not established by White man, and the purpose of this school wasn’t to fulfill the White man’s duty of raising other nations to level up with European, American, and Oceanian countries.
 * 4.Is KIS an example of “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean society? Why or why not?**

10/10

Don't forget to highlight 3-5 MOST important ideas No notes on Visual Summary, p 308 Turn titles and sub-titles into questions 8/10


 * 1.Why would Andrew Carnegie and Friedrich Engels disagree about the effects of industrialization?**

Andrew Carnegie and Friedrich Engels disagree about the negative impact of Industrialization. Andrew Carnegie believed that the people make and earn products by trading, whereas Friedrich Engels think that if people are lucky, then they are lucky enough to find the jobs. They would disagree because they are from two different conditions. Andrew Carnegie seems like he earned a lot of benefit through industrialization, therefore he wrote positive opinions. However, since Friedrich Engels isn’t a multimillionaire he wrote negative opinions.


 * 2.What might be reasons for 16-year-old Mary Paul’s satisfaction with her job and life in Lowell?**

16 year old Mary Paul was very poor suffering from starvation, having no good place to sleep before she worked in the factory Lowell. When she start working in factory, she was satisfied with her work because it provided enough food, and descent place to sleep.


 * 3.Why might the political cartoon by Walter Crane be used in getting workers to rally to the cause of socialism?**

The political cartoon by Walter Crane was used in getting workers to rally to the cause of socialism, because the picture shows that capitalism is bad, and socialism is heaven for them. It also shows capitalism caused people to face death. This picture got people to agree with this and got them to be angry.

1.Would Marx have agree that these countries were "communist"?

Marx would disagree that these countries were communist countries. Marx believed that communism brought equality, social justice among all citizen, and wither out the government. However, communist countries today are different from Marx’s ideal communist countries. These countries have government that dominates, or dictates the citizens. For example, North Korea has strong dictatorship.

2.What has happened to the "communist" world (once called the "Second World", to distinguish it from the "First World" -- wealthy capitalist countries, and the "Third World" -- poor countries)?

To distinguish from the Capitalist countries and Third countries, the second world had no government dictating the citizens, and citizens were considered equal even though they differ in their wealth. However, in reality, people in higher rank got wealthier, and people in lower rank lowered in wealth as the capitalists didn’t pay them enough money. Also, the government bossed the economy.

3.Why do you think this has happened?

- I think Marx’s theoretical communism happened to differ from reality because not many people were aware of Marx’s theoretical communism. Therefore, there weren’t enough people that acted according to theoretical communism.

4.What do you think of the idea that the growing gap between the rich and poor in the industrialized world never materialized because of the Union movement and reform laws?

- The union movements and the reform laws did lessen the gap between poor and rich. However, I think the gap still exists. There are gaps between the citizens, and between the countries. For example, North Korea and United States have huge gap between their wealth.

In this document, I’ve read about the children in industrial revolution. I was shocked after looking at all the pictures. The children were in gloomy work places, barefooted, dirty, unhappy, overwhelmed with intensive labor, and being the center of labor which is unacceptable in today’s society. The intensive labor absolutely brought a negative effect to the children. They were sick with white lung diseases, and were fed up with abuses from the adults. Before I read this document, I thought that industrial revolution must have been essential event that improved children’s life, including their education, clothing, and food beverages. However, these pictures and descriptions in the document me feel the opposite. I couldn’t believe that children was going through these horrible hardships. I also realized that the enlightenment ideas that were issued in Europe during French Revolution were not considered toward children.

I strongly believe that industrial revolution was a mixed blessing. This is due to several positive impact of industrial revolution. Overall, Industrial revolution expanded European wealth and the citizens. It urbanized the cities, creating a huge shift from country side to the cities. Many factories were built, and provided jobs to many citizens. The factories and many efficient inventions produced goods at better quality and faster. However, industrial revolution caused pollution, intense child labour and established a huge gap between the rich and the poor. Therefore, with major effects of both good and bad, I agree that the Industrial Revolution was a mixed blessing.

4. Why did Napoleon's empire collapse? 1. Napoleon wanted to weaken the British power. ex. blocking possible countries who are trading with Britain, failed. It led to the downfall of France's economy. 2. Napoleon put his brother as the king of Spain. ex. made loyal Spanish citizens to become angry by making several mistakes, lost 300,0000 troops in Spain 3. Napoleon attempted to conquer Russia. However, due to Russia's cold weather and lack of food and supplies, Napoleon lost 300,000 soldiers
 * The Congress of Vienna questions**

5. What were the goals of the Congress of Vienna? 1.promise of France that they will not attack any another countries more. 2.Second goal was balancing power between all the countries in Europe, so that one country can't have total power over other countries. 3.Third goal was putting kings into their positions again. In conclusion, the major goal of the Congress of Vienna is making peace for Europe which will last long.

I chose silk gloves and picture of war to demonstrate an idea that in order for a revolution to occur, no one and no place can stay pure.

Frederick the Great Poster Link: http://erinkong.edu.glogster.com/edit/9f-erin-kong-frederick-the-great/

1.Absolutism in Europe was a theory of kingship whereby the monarch ruled a centralized state with absolute sovereignty. Possessing unlimited power, he was not subject to any laws but those of God. Absolutism prevailed from the 15th century to the end of the 18th century and was often used as a unifying force in the consolidation of nation-states. Today, an absolute monarch would be known as a dictator.

2.The theoretical justification for absolutism was derived from various sources and traditions, including the Bible and the practices of ancient civilizations. Above all, two influential figures validated absolutism in the 17th century. In France, Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet affirmed that absolute power could be justified through the divine right of kings to rule—an authority given to monarchs directly by God. Since the monarch was God's representative on Earth, his decisions became law without any accountability. In other words, whoever challenged the monarch was challenging God. Political theorist Thomas Hobbes of England, on the other hand, justified absolutism politically rather than religiously. In Leviathan (1651), Hobbes wrote that absolute monarchy was the only system of government capable of maintaining order among the unruly masses.

3. Practical considerations also accounted for absolutism. After the calamitous 14th century, people were ready to accept a strong monarch, especially if he restored order from chaos. The Protestant Reformation contributed to absolutism as well. Papal influence had weakened in many states, and secular affairs needed guidance from a powerful ruler. To establish order and control, monarchs required a bureaucracy, which in turn helped to maintain central authority. Bureaucrats were responsible for collecting taxes, enforcing laws and royal decrees, and gathering information. With the taxes collected by bureaucrats, monarchs could establish large, standing armies, which further consolidated their power.

4. In addition, 15th-century mercantile policies, which produced unimaginable wealth, contributed to the rise of absolutism. The mercantile notion of a national, self-sufficient economy stimulated production and generated surpluses. To maintain that prosperity, monarchs regulated all aspects of economy and industry and built navies to protect their trade.

The Philosophe Video 

T3EL-Matthew Taylor Matthew Taylor argues that the new enlightenment should be different from the old enlightenment. Enlightenment is the period of time when the revolutionary ideas were gathered and introduced to the society. In order to live differently from the past, we need to think differently. In the beginning of the enlightenment, Galileo, Copernicus, and Newton had provided us the essential information that changed our way of thinking. Through the enlightenment, we found out that socializing is one of the way to achieve happiness. People also started to provide the evidence and reason for their statements. Galileo, Newton, and Copernicus helped to find logical reasoning for scientific incidents. The realization of importance of happiness brought them to think what caused happiness. Providing reasons and evidence had lead to more logical thinking. The 21st century people should have logical reason for the statements they make.

Source Analysis Edicts For 1635 Ordering the Closing of Japan APPARTS

Author: This source was written by Tokugawa Leyasu. He is a Japanese with great authority and significance who lived from 1543 to 1616. He strongly believed that Japan should be isolated from foreign countries and concentrate on Japan.

Place and Time: This article was written in the 1630s in Japan.

Prior Knowledge: I am not very familiar with Japanese isolation. However, I know that at that time period, Europe was rapidly improving (Renaissance) and China was still isolated from the world after Zhu di died.

Audience: This article was written for people at Nagasaki port. The port was known as the place for trades between Japan and other countries. The purpose of this article was to inform people about blocking out foreign traders.

Reason: The reason why he wrote this source was to inform people to ensure that Japan is not exposed to foreign countries.

The main idea: The main idea of this source is that Tokugawa Leyasu was determined to block all trades between Japan and foreign countries. Furthermore, he strongly supported his idea on isolation, regarding the contact between other countries.

Significance: This article is very significant because it shows how tenacious Tokugawa leyasu was to isolate from the world. It also shows that he feared being open to the world.

1)Who was the “Bald Rat”? Bald Rat was Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He was the soldier who took control of Japan who rebuilt Japan united. Also he considered that he was the master of the world, which made him to make attempts to take over other countries.

2)Where did Japan hope to build its empire? Japan hoped to build its empire in China.

3)What stopped it from building its empire as planned? The defeat of Koreans (turtle ship) stopped Japanese from building its empire

4)Why didn’t they try again? The Japanese did not try again because they were defeated by Koreans and one of the great ruler Hideyoshi died.

APPARTS QIANLONG Author: Qianlong, the fourth emperor of China from 1734 to 1795 wrote this letter.

Place and Time: It was written in China in 1792 (end of 18th century)

Prior Knowledge: I know that due to the isolation of China for 200 years, China doesn’t have an accurate knowledge of what’s going on in the world. They weren’t informed about Renaissance which caused China to believe that they are still top of the world.

Audience: This letter was written to king George 3 of England by Qianlong.

Reason: He wrote this letter to reject and explain why he rejected King George 3’s request to trade at ports other than Gungzhou.

The main Idea: The main idea of this article is the emperor’s disapproval to King George 3 of England’s request to open another port for foreign trade.

Significance: This article is significant because the emperor is giving reason why foreign trade can’t take place other than Guangzhou. It shows China’s arrogant behavior toward Europe although Europe was better than China.


 * September 20, 2011**
 * I see** a muscular and naked man on the left. He is lying on the rock and underneath the rock, there is part of arm that is holding something. The man has no facial expressions but looks calm. There is another man on the right. He isn’t naked; in-fact, he is wearing a white toga. He is lying on some of the naked people including woman, and children in something that looks like shell. They both approach arms to contact each other but they are leaving a tiny space in between. The man on the right is also pulled and surrounded by many naked people.


 * I think** this picture is trying to convey relation between individual (man on the left) and group of people (man on the right and people surrounding him). I think the relation is that individual and group of people may be close, but there is always a conflict and some negative feelings between each other.


 * I wonder** why they have no facial expressions and why there is a hand in the bottom of the man on the left. I also wonder why the men are leaving the space in between their contact because if they reach like less than a centimeter, they would be in contact. I also wonder why the man on the right is wearing toga when everyone else is naked.

Image 1 This image shocked me by showing how big Chinese ship was compared to the small ship. This made me realize how I couldn’t even compare the European power to Chinese. China was far-most powerful and very advanced in terms of technology. This also shows me that Chinese were smart enough to build this benevolent and huge ship that carries a lot of people and useful supplies such as food, water, foreign goods.
 * September 8, 2011**

Image 2 This map shows me that there were no country borders back then, but the land was divided by kingdoms. If the rulers were invited, they would come from German Kingdom, Kingdom of Naples, France, Portugal, Castille, Kingdoms of England, Roman Empire. The rulers would mostly across the Atlantic Ocean to come to China.

Image 3 This image clearly states that Chinese territories and dynasties extended in size and power gradually. China grew more and more and began to have their golden age.

Image 4 This tells me that silk road spread throughout a lot of different regions. It was widely spread in Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Persia, Greece, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Kazakhstan, Tibet, India, Parkistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgzystan, China.

Image 5 This implies that the population of China was 50 times larger than London and China was 1500 times bigger than London. We could assume that China was powerful because of large population and land. Land was one of the symbols of power and the Chinese could have more abundant natural resources and also could explore their regions. Many populations could be useful in terms of work that requires a lot of people, and Chinese Army could become much more powerful. In summary, China had better and more opportunity to develop than London.

Image 6,7 The Forbidden City has changed into the Palace Museum during the Zhu Di’s rule and also, the Temple of Heaven is preserved. The walls that Zhu Di constructed are now gone and is replaced by road systems. The water path changed.

Image 8 The wall would have end on a point about 300km above Baghdad, Iran if the Great Wall extended 6,400 from Yalu River to the west.

Image 9 This image shows each dynasty’s extension of great wall of China which means that all dynasties of China added on to the Great Wall as the civilization got bigger to protect the country from invasions from north.

Image 10 This great canal tells me how China carried all the water through Canal system. Also, I can assume that the farming and agriculture would have been settled near the Canal system area in order to receive water. The canal system would also help Chinese transport things in easier and quicker way.


 * Class #10 Sept 2nd, 2011**
 * I think these maps show the regions that was mainly affected by shifting from Dark ages to Renaissance. These maps also shows how the Renaissance spread to the other parts of the Europe.**

Erin, these maps have almost nothing to do with the European Renaissance! 0/3

Type of History Source: Written Work Source Type:Primary Description:This is the birth certificate that states I was born on May 3rd, 1997 at 11:54PM in Ewha Womans University Hospital. I was 3.07kg and 50cm. Significance: It clearly proves that I was born on May 3rd, 1997 in Ewha Womans University Hospital.
 * Family History Project**

Type of History Source:Non-written work Source Type: Secondary Description: This is the picture of me when I was 100days old. Significance: This picture shows what I looked like when I was a baby and the differences between now and back then.

Type of History Source: Oral

media type="file" key="Output.aif" width="300" height="50" Source Type: Secondary Description: My brother explains the impact of me to our family, specifically my brother. Significance: The significance of this recording is that there are pros and cons of my existence in my brother's point of view.

Written Recount of Event I was born on May 3rd, 1997 in Ewha Womans University Hospital which is located in Mogdong. When my mom was pregnant, she thought I was a boy because of my rough actions in my mom's tummy. She shopped all the boy clothes thinking that I was a boy, but I ended up being a girl. Therefore, I wore many of the boys clothes when I was a baby. All my relatives went to visit me and my mom at 12 o'clock in the morning. They said that I didn't look like I was just born because my eyes were fully opened and I was smiling a bit. According to my mom, I gave her a lot of trouble on that day. Within 4 hours, I was born but my mom had to take a surgery.These three sources above is important to and this event is important to my family history.

Hi Erin, Please remember to name your files with a UNIQUE name as I requested. Your answers are generally well done, with the exception of #2, which I think you may have misunderstood. I do like your conclusion (#8). 9.5/10

9F-Erin Kong (21/08/11)

heretical-believing or practicing religious opinion faggot- bunch of sticks bound together as fuel Eucharist-the Christian ceremony that celebrates the Last Supper abstain-holding back oneself from doing or enjoying something such as eating penance- voluntary self-punishment inflicted as an outward expression of repenance for having done wrong beseeching-ask urgently to do something source-a place, person, or thing from which something comes or can be obtained.

In section 1, Hogsflesh is being convicted for heretical beliefs(that no-one need honour the Virgin Mary, that Christ’s body was not present in the Eucharist, and that he could be saved without confession to a priest). He gave speech on these beliefs.John Hogsflesh was to join in the religious procession at Chichester Cathedral.
 * 1) What is happening to Hogsflesh? What is the historian’s “story” or main point of the article?
 * 1) What are the roles of a historian defined by John Arnold? Do you agree or disagree with his assumptions? Can you think of any other roles?
 * 2) What is meant by “treat(ing) their sources with fidelity?” Remember to put your response in your own words. Why is it important to remember this when reading historical references?
 * 3) How can a single event be interpreted in more than one way? Can you think of an event in your life that historians could interpret with differing points of view?
 * 4) Talk to a family member or friend about something that happened to you both a long time ago. Examine how you both remember the incident and write about it. With that in mind, when attaching meaning to history, is it possible for a historian to be completely objective? Use examples from the incident you just discussed to reinforce your response.
 * 5) What problems may arise when historians practice subjective history? In what ways may subjective history be beneficial to the study of history? Think back to the incident you just discussed with your family member or friend. Why did it make sense for you to remember the event the way you did and for the other person to remember it the way he or she did? What does this tell us about history?
 * 6) Why is every historian "a storyteller?" If all historians are storytellers and there are myriad versions of every story, can we trust historians? Why or why not?
 * 7) How did your view of history and historians change based on this reading? How will you approach history now that you have explored these views?