Andres'+World

May 25th Class #51 Timeline with Vicky Jung

1. 1979: __Soviet Red Army invades Afghan__i__stan__ to support the communist government because of the nation's importance geographically. This would be an opportunity to take a step into Southwest Asia. 2. 1985: __Alliance forms between Pakistan and the Soviet Union__ and most of the Afghanistan population flees to Iran. This event shows that the Soviet Union relies on its alliance with Pakistan to control Afghanistan. 3. 1989: Although Civil War continues to overthrow Najillbulah, the __Soviet Army leaves Pakistan__. When the government loses its support by the USSR, civilians gain more power. 4. 1998: __US blames Osama bin Landen of bombing US embacies in Africa__. This starts the growing tension between the United States and Afghanistan. 5. 2009: __Barack Obama, president of the United States, states that he will begin withdrawing troop from Afghanistan in 2011__. This may lead to the throwing down of government as shown before when the Soviet Union pulled out of Pakistan.

10/10

May 21st Class #49



10/10

May 21st Class #48

Causes of the Cold War. 1. Increasing tension for 45 years between the Soviet Union and the United States. 2. The Arms Race and the Space Race created competition between both nations. 3. Soviet Union was communist while United States believed in Capitalism. 4. Creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) stated that if any nation in the treaty was attacked by the Soviet Union, they would join forces and attack back. 5. The Berlin Blockade prevented the Soviet Union to cease Berlin from the United States and its allies.

May 18th Class #47

"Do you think it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes? Explain your thinking."

I believe that it was not right for the Allies to target only the Nazi and the Japanese leaders to a certain extent. Some of the Nazi party members did not have the choice to choose if they wanted to kill or not, so the Allies should have taken that into consideration. On the other hand, the Nazi party should still be blamed for horrible and inhumane acts such as the genocide. In addition, the Japanese leaders were mostly blamed for the bombing of Pearl Harbor, thus not all Japanese should pay the price for it. In a similar case, not all Muslims should be blamed for 9/11. The idea of anger and racism added to why the Allies blamed the Japanese but I don't believe it was right for them to blame all Nazi members and all Japanese leaders for the war crimes.

10/10

May 16th Class #46

Twins: By reading the description of the video and more information about the twins Ludit Barnea and Lia Huber, it shocked me even more how they were able to survive. It is described that they were completely lost, unaware of what was happening during that time, and separated by their mother. I have lost a family member but I can't imagine the confusion and desperation of being separated by your mother, knowing that she is still alive. In this story it is also possible to see the love between the family members. The mother of the twins would always bring food and wash them to keep them alive even though they were in separate blocks. The twins also helped each other in any conflict and it is shocking that they were able to survive.

Brothers: What stood out in this second video was the fact that the Holocaust was a life-long trauma for the people who suffered in it. As Uri Chanoch mentions, he lost his mother, sister, and father. He was separated from his brother and tortured by the Nazis. All these events affected Chanoch as he explains how the Nazi's took away the idea of happiness in them for eternity. It is now clear to me that the effects of the Holocaust were not only damaging during the Holocaust but also in the long-term process.

Mordecai Eldar:

This video showed to me how people were not looking ahead to if they were going to survive by the end of the Holocaust but they worried if they would even live for that particular day. He also explains how he got used to people dying around him because it was so usual, which to me is a terrible way aspect of the Holocaust.

Zanne Farbstein:

Zanne Farbstein and her sisters were also sent to the concentration camps where she described children being thrown off to be burned. This reminds me of North Korea in how many innocent people are dying, but in a way more severe case. She also explain about how fear was manipulating and they were waiting each day for their death. These kinds of stories make me lose faith in humanity and see how horrible humans can be when led the wrong way.

Yaakov Hollander:

What impacted me the most in this video was how even though people wanted to help each other, it was very hard due to the fact that everyone was in need. When Yaakov Hollander was given the cake but could not share with his brother, who was sick, he cried. It is shown that sometimes these small "greedy" decisions were needed to survive in the Holocaust.

Sophie Engelsman:

I can't imagine how Sophie Engelsman managed to live even after she survived the war, without her father, mother, and both brothers. If I had lost that many family members, I don't know if I would want to live or not. In addition, this is similar to the stories of the brothers since the Holocaust affected her in a long-term. Because of the Holocaust, she became a nurse to see new children being born and families being made.

Eva Brown:

The idea that a person lost their identity and were treated like animals, is something I wish never happens in the future. Eva Brown was marked as a number and not given the proper human needs like water and food. In addition, through the long-term the effects of the Holocaust were so impacting on her that she wrote a book talking about it, "If You Save One Life". I admire people like her who followed with their life and remained strong during and after the horrendous war.

10/10

May 14th Class #45

A8: Battle of Leyte Gulf - The United States invaded the island of Leyte in 1944 and this blocked Japan from receiving and reloading their oil supplies. A9: Battle of Okinawa - In 1945, the Allies power attacked Okinawa resulting in the death 100,000 Japanese soldiers and 12,000 American soldiers. A10: Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - In 1945, both Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed by an atomic bomb which led to Japan's surrender in the war, resulting in the end of the war.

1. Drawing Conclusions: Which of the nations listed in the chart suffered the greatest human costs?
 * Costs of World War II: Allies and Axis**

According to the chart, Germany was the nation that suffered the greatest human costs. Not only did it have a high number of deaths in the war but also civilians were killed by the war. Moreover, Germany's total cost in the war was about 212.3 billion which is incredibly high. Thus it is possible to see by facts and statistics that Germany suffered the greatest in the war especially due to the fact that it was being attacked consistently by the Allies.

2. How does U.S. spending on the war compare with the spending of Germany and Japan?

U.S. spending on the war war significantly higher than Japan's and similar but still more than Germany's due to the fact that the war almost never occurred in their home land thus, they were mainly supplying the Allies. In addition, the Americans also spend a lot of money funding the nuclear bomb which was used to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of the war.

3. What factors may have contributed to the increased number of deaths in World War II over World War I?

A major contributing factor that contributed to the increased number of deaths in World War II was the increase in the power of the bombs. The bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki resulted in thousands of deaths. In World War I, an atomic bomb was not used and thus less deaths. In addition, for nations like Russia which had significantly more deaths in World War II over World War I, these deaths were mainly due to the fact that Russia participated more in the war and Germany attacked it consistently.

1. Under what conditions did the Polish refugees flee from the Germans?
 * Document Based Questions:**

For the Polish refugees flee from the Germans meant to left almost everything behind. Their house, earnings, basically everything. Some people were only able to carry very little such as a walking stick. This was also very risky since families could be separated during the process and it was hard to find new shelter to spend the night.

2. Judging from the photograph, what was the government's attitude toward Japanese Americans?

Americans were furious and with racist ideas in their minds, blamed all the Japanese for the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Thus, in this image, it is possible to see that the government's attitude toward Japanese Americans weren't pleasant. They were sent to internment camps where they were to obey the U.S. officers while the Americans searched for Japanese spies. In addition, the Japanese in the picture don't seem to have much freedom and are put in a line right after they arrived in the camps.

10/10

May 9th Class #44

Allied Advances, 1942-1945: Guided Reading

A1 - Battle of Alamein: This battle in Alamein between Germany and Britain in 1942, caused Germany to retreat during the war. A2 - Operation Torch: This attack by the Allied powers led to Germany's defeat in North Africa. A3 - Battle of Stalingrad: After the Germans invaded Russia in 1942, Russia fought back and came out in the victorious side since German soldiers were forced to retreat. A4 - Invasion of Italy: In 1943, the Allied forces, mainly Britain and America, invaded Sicily. This invasion took out Mussolini from power and thus the Germans lost their ally. A5 - Propaganda campaigns on home fronts: Propaganda in home fronts caused the whole nation to go into a Total War mode. This meant that war supplies and number of soldiers increased to fight in the war. A6 - D-Day Invasion: The Allied forces, Canada, United States, and Britain, invaded Normandy in 1944 which caused the Germans to retreat just like it happened during the Battle of Stalingrad. A7 - Battle of the Bulge: Hitler ordered an attack on America but the Allied forces were able to prevent him since Germany did not have reinforcement.

How is the same history conveyed so differently in these two videos? Which do you think is more "true": the Hollywood dramatization or the documentary?

In the Hollywood dramatization, the soldiers do not seem like they are having fun or thinking about anything else rather than war which is differently depicted in the documentary. Moreover, when the soldier arrive on the beach, they are severely attacked by the Germans defending the region. On the other hand, in the documentary, the soldiers have time to settle down and set up their attack. I believe the documentary is more "true" since documentaries are primarily based to show true information and also the Hollywood dramatization is probably over exaggerated to convey more emotion in the viewers.

10/10

May 7th Class #43


 * 1) Write a short paragraph on you gallery page giving your opinion on the fairness or unfairness of Japanese internment. **

All Japanese internments were extremely unfair but also sometimes "fair" compared to previous historical events such as the concentration camps where Jews were treated badly. It was unfair that all Japanese were to pay the price of Pearl Harbor's bombardment, but it seems like it would be the typical response when a nation is being attacked. This is similar to 9/11, where all Muslims were blamed for this terrible event in the United States. On the other hand, according to Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston, even though food supply was scarce, they weren't left to starve or suffer severely since the Americans supplied them with basic need even though they were not of the best quality. Comparing to the concentration camps in World War I, the living conditions weren't as bad or as deadly.

**2. Wartime propaganda [|cartoon by Walt Disney]. As you watch, record your answers to the following...**

 * ======What wartime images do you recognize from your study of the war?======

The most emphasized wartime image was about the Nazi Party and Hitler. Everyone is forced to support Hitler and follow his orders no matter what just like it happened in World War I. Moreover, by the end of the cartoon, a sense of nationalism for the United States, demonstrating that the Germans were bad while the Americans were good.


 * ======What are some of the messages of this cartoon?======

The messages that were present in these cartoons served to emphasize that Hitler and the Nazi Party were making the Germans suffer by overworking them. It also shows a sense of nationalism by stating that you should be happy to be American, represented by Donald's Duck happiness when he wakes up supporting the United States.


 * ======Why do you think companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war?======

Companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons for the viewers, mostly children, to have a better sense of nationalism for the country and know the difference between being American and being the "enemy". Even though children might not be aware of the full context and the message, it is still enough to slightly brainwash them into thinking in what the producers want them to think.

What is in the cartoon? Explain the symbolism you see.
In this cartoon, Uncle Sam is depicted putting papers in the scrap-paper processor in which seems to be the U.S.A Salvage Program. It is also possible to notice a bunch of boxes which could signify production.

What is the intended message of the cartoon?
The cartoon intends to convey the message that everyone in the United States, including men and women, were supposed to help in some shape or form in the war.

=

 * 4. Life on the Home front in Britain exploration... Go to [|this site] and click on each topic area to learn about life in Britain during the war. For each of the following topics, write down 3 significant pieces of information. You may do this on your gallery page, or as a hard copy. **======
 * Children at war

- Children were unaware of what was happening when they were evacuated. - Children were sent to 'safe places' to escape from the bombs. - They thought they were going on a vacation.
 * Rationing

- Food was scarse. - Each family had their own ratio and was assigned to only one food supply store. - Not only food, but clothing was also rationed.
 * Women at war

- Women played a huge role in helping in the war. - Factories needed replacements for the people that went to war, so women took these spots. - The Women's Voluntary Service would help by accomplishing different tasks.
 * Messages of war

-The messages were seen by everyone in the nation even children. - Messages could advertise Nationalism and the need of soldiers for the war. - These messages also motivated women to join factories to work during the war.

10/10

May 7th Class #42


 * 1) Guided Reading Part A & B will be turned in by a hard-copy.**


 * 2) Write a short description of the perspectives presented in the political cartoons below. What does each cartoon highlight about how Japanese expansion was viewed? **

1st image: I could not access the image. 2nd image: I could not access the image. 3rd image: The Japanese started to defy and go against the rules set by the League of Nations. They attack China, and other countries later on while the League of Nations did not prevent them from doing so. Thus, Japanese saw themselves as one of the greatest powers motivating them to expand. 4th image: This image refers to Japan's invasion in the Southeast lands to expand their territory. The Japanese conquered many parts of the Philippines, Thailand, and the Solomon Islands. It seems to be an american troop defending New Guinea and the Japanese fought to gain that land as well.


 * 3) Why did Japan attack the United States of America? Provide evidence from the source below in your answer. **

Isoroku Yamamoto, the best strategist admiral, planned an attack on the United States so that it would disable and delay the U.S. fleet while at the same time, Japan would be conquering the Southeast nations. In addition, when the Japanese diplomats tried to negotiate regarding Japan's desires for expansion in Asia, the plan failed and thus Pearl Harbor was attacked through bombing.


 * 4) Briefly summarize the key events of the attack (before, during and after) **

Sorry, but technical problems are yours to solve. The images were posted on the wiki, and any problems with it needed to be sorted out before the assignment was due. 8/10

May 2nd Class #41 > Questions (post answers on your gallery page): > **1) What was Operation Sea Lion?**

Operation Sea Lion was when Hitler decided to invade Britain in 1940 through air strikes.

> **2) Why did the battle not look good for Britain?**

The battle did not look good for Britain since the British army was forced out of Europe. Moreover, not only did Britain have a smaller army but also a smaller and weaker air force compared to German's air force.

> **3) What advantage did Britain have?**

Britain had help from the Allies worldwide and one crucial technology was the radar. With the radar, British air forces could be warned of incoming German air crafts way before they actually reached the area. In addition, factories were also working continuously for 24 hours to rebuild air crafts.

> **4) What was Germany's mistake?**

Germany's mistake was in 1940, when they decided to attack London as well as other major cities in Britain. The attack was ordered because Britain's air force had attacked German's capital city, Berlin. This all led to the Blitz but the morale of British people kept high and they kept on fighting.

> **5) What was the impact of the bombing of London? How did the bombing of London aid Britain's cause?**

After the bombing of London, British morale was set high and more and more people were willing to join the air force to fight Germany. This incident helped Britain since the air force increased and also gave time for the British air force to rebuild its air crafts.

> **6) Why was the outcome of the battle of Britain significant for the Allies?**

This outcome of the battle of Britain was significant for the Allies because it showed that Hitler could be prevented. Even with a weaker and smaller army, Britain was able to stop Germany and thus, proving that Hitler was stoppable.


 * Read the newspaper below about the Battle of Britain, and watch the two videos, then write a short paragraph that explains why the British were able to hold off the German invasion when they were militarily weaker. Use evidence to support your ideas. **

The British were able to hold off the German invasion due to the nation's determination and patriotism, and also because of its technological advancements. Almost every British was participating and contributing to the nation's defense. Young men and women were volunteering to aid the nation. Volunteers would gather to create a new defensive line all over the nation while the women worked on providing raw materials for the construction of planes. Moreover, due to the immense determination, the British were able to work efficiently. "Factories are in frantic production" (The Daily Scramble P1). They worked for 24 hours straight to rebuild and construct air crafts that were lost during battle. Apart from the nation's determination and patriotism, technology also made a huge impact on Britain's successful defense against Germany's invasion. The radar was a tool that was used to warn the British about incoming air crafts so that they could get prepared for battle. "Groups all over the country will be listening for the tell-tale signs of incoming enemy aircrafts" (The Daily Scramble P4). This proves how people were warned before the attack actually happened. All these factor contributed to how the British were able to hold off the German invasions even though their military was weaker.

Podcast notes? 8/10

May 1st Section 1 Assessment (pp. 492-496)

2. Which of the listed events might be considered a turning point for the Allies? Why?

When the Allies were stranded in Dunkirk might be considered the turning point for the Allies. Until that event, Hitler was dominating every land he wanted and desired and only little was done to stop him. When German troops trapped the Allied forces in northern France, the Allies were outnumbered and did not have enough resources to fight Hitler. Successfully, Great Britain managed to help the Allied powers by sending rescue ships. This can be considered the turning point since the Allies successfully managed to prevent Hitler from total domination and damage on France. Even though France fell to Hitler, from this event on, the Allies joined their powers together to prevent Hitler from further damage.

8. How were Napoleon’s invasion of Russia and Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union similar?

Napoleon’s and Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union are similar due to the fact that both occurred at winter and both faced the same problems and hassles when attacking the Soviet Union. When Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812, the Russians used this scorch-earth strategy where they would burn all the resources that would help the enemy. In addition, due to the harsh winter, food was scarce and the unprepared French soldiers died. The same strategy was used during Hitler’s attack. Hitler’s army was unprepared for the cold weather and also did not have supplies to continue alive. Moreover, Hitler and Napoleon did not stop their attack and continued until their total defeat in Moscow. If Hitler had learned about Napoleon's mistakes, he might have dominated Europe entirely and possibly the world.

10/10

April 30th Notes on //Hitler's Germany Part II//
 * 1) **Hitler’s foreign policy aims**


 * 1) The Treaty of Versailles
 * 2) Hitler planned on eliminating the Treaty of Versailles
 * 3) Treaty blamed Germany for starting the war


 * 1) The union of all Germans in Germany
 * 2) Hitler wanted to unite Germans from Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland


 * 1) The conquest of //lebensraum//
 * 2) Hitler wanted to gain more land for Germany
 * 3) Germany was overcrowded and did not have enough supplies
 * 4) Took over land from Russia and Poland

-1934, Hitler gave orders for the army to expand -The army went from 100,000 men to 300,000 -1935, Hitler announced in public that army would be built to 550,000 men
 * 1) **Hitler’s rearmament of Germany**

-1936, Hitler ordered army to take over Rhineland -Hitler disobeyed the Treaty of Versailles but no country stopped him
 * 1) **The remilitarization of the Rhineland, 1936**

-Hitler helped General Franco by sending support air force units to Spain -Hitler also made an alliance with Benito Mussolini in 1936
 * 1) **Hitler’s alliances**


 * 1) The Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936
 * 2) Agreement between Benito Mussolini and Hitler that they would work together
 * 3) Gave Hitler a powerful ally in Europe


 * 1) The Anti-Comintern Pact, 1936
 * 2) Agreement between Japan and Germany
 * 3) Gave Hitler an ally from the other side of the world


 * 1) Help for Franco in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-9
 * 2) Hitler sent the Condor Legion to fight on the side of General Franco


 * 1) **The Anschluss with Austria, 1938**
 * 1938, Hitler made a union plan with Austria
 * Aim: to unite all German-speaking people in one country
 * Hitler ordered Austrian Nazi Party to rebel
 * Hitler threatened to attack Austria unless Schushnigg accepted his deal
 * Austria asked help but all refused
 * Austrian Nazi, Seyss-Inquart took over
 * Hitler finally invaded Austria


 * 1) **The take-over of Czechoslovakia, 1938-9**

-Hitler planned to invade but was stopped by the Czechs
 * 1) The Sudetenland Crisis, 1938
 * one-third of Sudentenland were German
 * Most of them supported the Nazi German Party
 * Konrad Henlein, leader of Sudeten Germany Party
 * Obeyed Hitler and caused trouble in Sudentenland
 * Neville Chamberlain thought that Sudetenland should belong to Germany
 * //Appeasement// policy
 * Hitler wanted to avoid a big war with major countries
 * 1) The Munich Conference, 1938
 * Neville Chamberlain asked for a conference with Hitler and the leaders of France and Italy
 * All leaders agreed that Sudetenland should be German

-No war until Germany took the rest of Czechoslovakia -Germany conquered the western half while Hungary and Poland took the rest
 * 1) The invasion of Czechoslovakia, 1939

-Agreement between Germany and Russia to share Poland’s land -Germany invaded Poland, agreeing to go against France and England
 * 1) **The Nazi-Soviet Pact, 1939**

Please sort out numbering issues. 9/10

April 26th Notes on //Hitler's Germany//

Revision Guide - //Hitler’s Germany//


 * 1) **Hitler’s foreign policy aims**

**-** 1919, Hitler became the leader of the Nazi Party -Hitler stated that Germany should have revenge for the defeat in the war. -1923, Hitler tried to take over the government by a //putsch// -Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 -Germany must be ruled by single dictator -Anti-semitism: Jews were the biggest threat to Hitler -Communism was too dangerous so it had to be destroyed

-The treaty was unfair so the land taken away from Germany should be returned -attack France / cancel the treaty
 * 1) The Treaty of Versailles
 * 1) The union of all Germans in Germany
 * 2) The conquest of //lebensraum//
 * Germans took extra land by forcing them if they did not give it up.
 * 1) **Hitler’s rearmament of Germany**

**-**Hitler wanted the Nazi Party to gain over Germany - Law for the Protection of the People and State banned Communists and Socialists from electing -Nazi Storm Troopers took over streets - Enabling Law enabled Hitler to make laws without asking the Reichstag -Used this law to get rid of people he disliked - Law against the Formation of New Parties so that only the Nazi Party would gain power

The ‘Night of the Long Knives’ -Ernst Roehm wanted to make Storm Troopers join the German army. -Hitler arrested Roehm and other SA leaders -Hitler’s own guards, the SS

-Hitler announces himself ‘Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor’ -Officers and men were obliged to follow Hitler’s orders no matter what

10/110

April 20th Oral Quiz: [|Fascism] I'm glad that you talked specifically about what would be unique about KOREAN Fascism. Demonstrates good understanding. 10/10

April 19th [|Oral Quiz: The Great Depression] The global depression did NOT start in the US! Europe was suffering long before the stock market crash of 1929. 9/10

April 17th [|Oral Quiz] Very clear and well-explained. 10/10

April 17th Class #34

__**Station 1**__:

__**Station 2:**__

//New York Times// __ Economic Crisis: The War for Jobs __

**Thesis:** The economy is at risk with less trade between nations, increased taxes, and most importantly, unemployment rates are drastically increasing.


 * 1) Trade between nations has dropped due to the high prices of foreign goods.
 * 2) To keep import prices high, America as well as other nations rose the price of taxes on imported goods.
 * 3) Farmers and workers did not have enough money to repay loans and thus lost their farms and unemployment grew.

//International Herald Tribune// __ Economic Crisis: //The World Is Broke// __

**Thesis:** No loyalty to the government, unstable leaders, and drastic increase in prices made the world economy unstable.


 * 1) European had so many governments, delaying them from developing policies.
 * 2) German economy needed help from American banks to regain their economy when the people were not loyal to the government.
 * 3) All nations suffered a drastic increase in taxes, increase in unemployment rates, and decrease in foreign trade.

__**Station 3:**__



Your articles are meant to be written as though this is happening NOW, so present tense, rather than past tense. 9.5/10

April 11th Class #32

__**Imperial China Collapses**__

__**Station 1:**__

====China was fighting to gain political and economic rights for all Chinese people. They disliked the domination of foreign nations over their economy. Thus, they joined the World War I in hope of winning support but the outcome was totally the opposite. The Treaty of Versailles gave Chinese land that was controlled by Germany and was handed over to Japan. In 1920, the Communist Party was organized and many feared the Communist ideas about government control of economic life.====


 * __Station 2:__**

====They took our land. They took our food. They took everything. Japan's greed to become as powerful as the biggest powers in Europe, caused nations such as Korea to suffer. They were determined to modernize and thus followed Germany's step and strengthened their army. They also developed a new navy, following Britain. By 1890, Japan developed greatly and became the strongest military power in Asia. After Japan focused on themselves, they decided to spread their power and influence foreign countries. Japan went to war with China because they broke an agreement by sending troops in to Korea and in 10-4, Japan and Russia fought a war over Manchurian territory. These conflicts between Russia and Japan eventually led to the Russo-Japanese war in 1904. They justified their invasions and wars on other countries by staying that they had no other option. Japanese immigration was prohibited in many countries and Japan was not being included the world markets. Thus, Japan uses those reasons as a justification of their territorial expansion.====

====By 1910, Japan had total control, finalizing by attacking Korea. Korea was manipulated and reformed drastically by Japan. They shut down Korean newspapers and changed schools so that only Japanese language and history was taught. Japanese also ran factories and Koreans were not allowed to start new businesses in their own country. Japan influenced Korea negatively by taking absoute control and disabling freedom for them in their own country. Imagine having another country taking over your own country and being obliged to obey eery other made by them. Not only Korea but Japan took over Asia to compete with the bigger powers around the world.====



__**Station 3:**__

==== Both Mao and Stalin were horrendous and terrible leaders, but Stalin, in my opinion, was considered a better on. Stalin was greedy with power and money. He tried achieving that by purposely torturing and killing people. It is believed that he is responsible for 40,000,000 million deaths which is similar to Mao’s actions. Russia was having some internal problems within the government after World War I. When Stalin took control his supreme rule caused the death and suffering of millions which cannot be justified both for Stalin and Mao. On a brighter note, Stalin was successful in industrializing Russia and transform it into one of the bigger powers. This increased Russia’s economy in a whole. On the other hand, Mao is responsible for about 30,000,000 deaths and even stated that half of China would have to die to improve China as a whole. In addition he sold the food China produced to Russia and used the money to pay for an atomic bomb. He brought misery and stripped China of all culture, burned books, and tortured people for 27 years in power. Stalin also tortured his people but also accomplished great achievements which improved Russia as a whole, turning him not into a //good// leader but a better leader than Mao. ====

You weren't supposed to actually FIND the images for the "textbook". What captions would you use for these (in other words, why are they here?) 9.5/10

April 10th Class #32

Oral Quiz - Russian Revolution http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyl_f0LUi_4&feature=youtu.be

Very articulate and comprehensive. 10/10

April 10th Class #31

__**Station 1: Overview of Russian Revolution**__

Russia had a revolution in 1917 because of several factors before and during the World War I. Nicholas II became czar in 1914 and believed in absolute authority over Russia. Compared to the other European nations, Russia was not fully industrialized, leaving them behind. Thus, with the help of other nations such as Britain, Russia finally became industrialized by 1900. This caused discontent on many Russians because of extremely low wages, horrible working conditions, and child labor. Not only this but Russia's failure in wars also caused discontent to the civilians. Lastly, Russia's entrance into World War I without being prepared showed the czar's weaknesses. Soldiers and peasants demanded land and city workers became more rebellious. Thus, revolutions were held and Nicholas II was forced to abdicated his throne.


 * __Station 2: Now, upload a podcast on your gallery page in which you explain whether Stalin was a good guy or a bad guy, and why. __**

media type="file" key="Joseph Stalin.m4a" width="300" height="50"


 * __Station 3: Pick one of the propaganda pieces from the website above and answer the following questions:__**



1. What is the message that the poser is trying to get out of Russian people?

I believe this poster is trying to show and convince Russian people that Joseph Stalin was indeed powerful and that fighting for the nation was considered heroic. It is depicting that a real and true Russian hero would fight for his nation. These new guns and airplanes would also make the Russians be interested in the new technologies and what they would have a chance to do if they fought in wars for Russia.

2. Do you find this piece of propaganda compelling? Why or why not?

I find this piece quite compelling since it introduces Stalin's falcons which captivated the viewers (Russians), into glorifying him and his power. This would also motivate Russians to interact and participate in battles to fight for his side. It also gives a sense of protection since these powerful guns drawn in the poster look very intimidating and damaging. At that period, it would have been an interesting and effetive poster to convince the Russians.

3. Make your own propaganda poster designed to make viewers adopt your viewpoint on one of the following issues: school uniforms; freedom of speech; hagwons

April 4th Class #30 How did the Treaty of Versailles reflect the different personalities and agendas of the men in power at the end of World War I?

During the Treaty of Versailles, a figure who stood out to have a different and courageous personality was Woodrow Wilson, the representative of the United States at that time. Wilson's 14 points were used to create the League of Nations. His ideas were revolutionary and did not only focus on the benefits for the United States, but benefits for the whole world. Even though Wilson was forth the creation of the League of Nations, the United States government wasn't. This resulted in U.S.A's absence which led to the downfall of the League of Nations. On a different note, after the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was punished severely by the French due to the damage they had done to France during World War I. These treaties did not only affect Germany but it started to affect all the Central Powers negatively. In addition, on the Allies side, Japan and Italy had gained less than they wanted. Thus, the Treaty of Versailles did not change or help much of what had happened in the war especially to the Central Powers.

February 17th Class #15

=__Impact of Nationalism__=




 * Do you think nationalism has had a more positive or negative impact on the world? Support your opinion with evidence.**

I believe nationalism has had a more negative impact on the world. People who are different that do not follow the common beliefs are excluded from society since they are the minority. This eliminates the chance of any new reformations and ideas. In addition, to the world nowadays, it has created many boundaries between different people from different nations. Nationalism was one of the major factor that caused nations to fight wars such as World War I.

=__Types of Nationalist Movements__=


 * //1. Using the table above, explain the characteristics of each type of Nationalistic movement in your own words.//**

There are three main types of Nationalist Movements: Unification, Separation, and State-building. First, Unification combines lands not based on different political values but by culturally similar lands. On the other hand, Separation occurs when a culturally different group denies to join a state. They can also choose to break away and build their own system. Lastly, State-building occurs when groups with different cultural beliefs separate and form a new state by adopting a new culture.


 * //2. What do you think would have happened to the empires (e.g. Austrian Empire, Ottoman Empire) during the rise of nationalism?//**

Empires such as the Austrian and Ottoman Empire would be separated during the rise of nationalism. The Bulgarians, Greeks, Romanians, Armenians, and others broke away from the unification of the nation, and created their own system. Thus, the Ottoman Empire significantly decreased in size, losing its power, and eventually falling apart.


 * pp. 261**


 * 1. What symbol does the cartoonist use for the soon-to-be nation of Italy?**

He uses a boot to symbolize the new nation of Italy. By adding the boot it completes the body of the human depicted, which may represent how Italy unified to create the new nation.


 * 2. How is Garibaldi portrayed?**

Garibaldi is being portrayed as the helper that is unifying Italy. In addition, Garibaldi is the one who completes the process of unification since he agreed to unite the southern areas he had conquered with the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, uniting Italy as stated in the image.


 * 3. What does the title of the cartoon say about the cartoonist's view of Italian unification?**

The cartoonist is totally in favor of Italian unification. He expresses how the final step for Italy to succeed in its unification was receiving control of lands taken by Garibaldi. By using the word "at Last" it shows how the cartoonist was always in favor of Italian unification.

pp. 261-263


 * 1) Create a flow chart that shows the key events that led the unification of Germany.**




 * 2) Looking at the map on page 263, answer the two geography skillbuilder questions.**

The unusual aspect about the territory of Prussia in 1865 was that it was divided in the middle by non-Prussian land. As a result, it might have been difficult and troublesome if these lands in between were not added to Prussian territory. The year of 1871 was when Prussia had its biggest expansion by combining with South Germany States which resulted to the German Empire as a whole.


 * 3) Design a national symbol for the newly formed Germany. Include symbols that best represent the spirit or values of the German people at this time. Write a short paragraph explaining your symbol and its significance.**



During the unification of Germany, gradually less revolutions were made since the people were getting united. After Prussia joined with majority of its neighbor countries, they became unified like never before. This also increased in their military and economic power. The hands united in this image represent how they all had common beliefs and ideas. German people, now with the sense of unity caused by nationalism, became one of the major power of the world during that time.

I'd question your choice of image, which portrays different races -- was the new unified Germany comprised of multiple races?

19.5/10

February 13th Case Study / DBQ Questions

=Terms & Names=

1. __Sepoys:__ Sepoys, Indian soldiers, were furious at Britain primarily since the soldiers had to bite off the tips of cartridges to load the rifles which were introduced by the British. Since many of the soldier were Hindu or Muslim, this interfered with their religion laws and custom and thus refused to load their weapons. This is one of the factors that lead to a revolution, thus influencing and starting India's independence from Great Britain.

2. __Sepoy Mutiny:__ After Britain stopped the Sepoy Mutiny and its rebellion, it took control over India and the difference between British and Indian beliefs increased. Since Britain was now taking direct control, many Indians felt inferior and could not accept being secod-class citizens in their own country, leading to India's independence.

3. __Congress Party:__ The Congress Party was a political group of the Indian Nation Congress. They were concerned about equal rights for Indians. Since the British were taking over India, Indians were treated as inferior. Although they did so, they dedicated loyalty to the British crown.

4. __Mohandas K. Gandhi__: Mohandas K. Gandhi, or most famously know as Gandhi, was most known for trying to solve problems with peace. He believed that violent revolutions were useless agains the military of the government. He played a major role in securing Indian independence. Since he became directly involved with the Congress Party, he converted millions to the nationalist cause. Thus, he launched a campaign against the British.

5. __Muhammad Ali Jinnah:__ Muhammad Ali Jinnah was responsible for changing the Muslim League into a broad political party. He affected Indian independence since when he joined the Congress Party, he believed that Muslims should work with Hindus for Indian nationalism. In 1916, these two organizations agreed on a constitutional reform in India known as the Lucknow Pact.

=Main Ideas=

1. What were four factor that contributed to Britain's conquest of India?

THe first factor was that Britain's military was far superior technologically than the Indians, thus winning wars. Another factor was that between 1740 and 1780 Indian kingdoms were having inner conflicts, leading way for the British to interfere. Also, British people in India were organize unlike the politically disorganized Indians. The last factor when Britain took over India, it brought political stability with an efficient government and a system of law.

2. What was the cause of the Sepoy Mutiny and what was its main result?

Sepoy Mutiny was formed mainly because the sepoys were furious because the British were violating their religious laws and customs by obliging the soldiers to bite off the tips of the cartridges to load rifles. As a result, cultural, religious, and political divisions between British and Indians grew wider and the British government took over India from the East India Company.

3. Which groups and ideas promoted the Indian independence?

The sepoys and religious groups supported the Indian independence. They felt threatened and controlled by the British too much in their own land. In adittion the Congress Party also demanded independence for a united India between Muslims and Hindus. Furthermore, a contributing factor was that later on Britain thought they could not control India anymore because of the intense independence movement.

4. What were the four general principles of Gandhi's philosophy?

The first principle was that one should not be greedy for more than they need; to live simply. Secondly, one should be tolerant of other religious beliefs and customs of others. Also, one should not only focus on himself but instead devote his life to the service of other. Last but not least, one should go against injustice but never use violence to do so.

5. What role did Jinnah play in the partition of India?

Muhammad Ali Jinnah believed that Muslims were to work with Hindus for Indian nationalism but these efforts and ideas failed. The Congress Party did not agree to greater rights for minorities since the Congress Party was dominated by Hindus. Thus this led to the idea of dividing India.

=**Documents**=

6. Which of the documents are pro-British in nature? Which ones are pro-Indian?

The pro-British documents are "Sir Alfred Lyall","Punch magazine", "Indian Peasant", "Lord Mountbatten", and "Ami Vitale". On the other hand, the pro-Indian documents are "S.N. Sen", "The Rowlatt Acts", "Mahatma Gandhi", "Constitution of India", "B.k Bungash", and the "The New York Times".

7. How would Indians in the lowest levels of their society benefit from India's Constitution as stated in Document H?

Indians in the lowest levels of their society would benefit from India's Constitution since there would be equality of opportunity for all citizens to employment to any office. In addition, they could settle in any part of India and acquire property.

8. Using only the information contained in the documents, answer the following question: How would British colonizations have a lasting impact on the people of India? Use examples from the documents to support your answer.

British colonizations would have a lasting impact on the people of India by taking over control their own nation, and setting their own laws and rules only for their economic benefit. In primary source "D", "Indian Peasant", depicts what the peasants felt when Britain was taking over their land and changing it according to their needs, "it has been made still harder by the imposition of different laws, regulations, and taxes on them". In addition, Mahatma Gandhi informs how British and Indians would never be treated the same. "British connection had made India more helpless than she ever was before, politically and economically". These quotes prove how Britain had a long lasting impact on the people of India.

=Critical Thinking=

9. What were the causes of the cultural conflict between the British and the Indians?

One of the causes was that Britain forced Indians to do jobs that were against their customs and beliefs such as loading rifles with their mouths. Another cause was that Britain was taking too much control over Indian laws inside India. Thus, a revolution was made by the Indians because of these causes, to gain independence.

10. Identify both positive and negative effects of British Rule in India.

A positive effect that Britain had on India was that it provided a stable and centered government where laws were made and followed. Also, by providing more job opportunities, Britain increased India's wealth noticeably. On the other hand, Britain's negative effects surpass the positive ones. Indians had no freedom in their own nation. They were considered second class people and had to obey British laws for everything.

11. How were Gandhi's four general principles effective in dealing with a much more powerful Great Britain?

Gandhi's four general principles were effective because instead of using violence he tried to solve problems peacefully. Going against such a powerful nation such as Great Britain, it would be a great risk to use violence against them and thus, by solving them non-violently, it was more effective.

12. For what reasons did Muslims demand a separate nation?

They demanded a separate nation since various and frequent riots were happening between HIndus and Muslims. Tensions between both groups grew worse as India became more urban and competed each other for jobs and housing.

13. Why did the colony of India break up into four separate nations?

The colony of India broke up into four separate nations since Hindus and Muslims always fought each other in frequent riots. Also after India divided itself into Pakistan, Pakistan also divided itself between East Pakistan and Bangladesh. Lastly, Ceylon in the southern tip of India becomes Sri Lana.

I think you mean Sri Lanka? (last sentence above) 20/20

February 13th Global Impact of Imperialism

=1)=



=2)=

1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?

This image is anti imperialism since the Chinese man, representing China, is trying to stop the interference from other nations in Chinese trade. Even though China does not want to open its trade the other nations only continue to do their own business, ignoring China's decision.

2) What views of the native peoples are being communicated in each of the illustrations?

In this image, the Chinese people are being depicted as unimportant. They have no voice on what the imperialist are deciding to do with China and they are excluded.

3) What views are being communicated about the Europeans/Japanese in their role as imperialists?

Europeans and Japanese are being portrayed as greedy people who want to force other nations to open their trading systems for their own benefit.

4) What is the message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//**OR**//__ costs of imperialism?

The message being conveyed is that by forcing other nations to open their trading systems, the imperialists can benefit by improving their economy and increasing their markets. China was one of the nations that were forced to open trade. 1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?

This image is anti imperialism since the eagle, which represents United States, is piercing its imperialized nations violently as if it was its prey. It seems like blood is also coming out from it which represents that it is being perturbed by force.

2) What views of the native peoples are being communicated in each of the illustrations?

The native people or the imperialized countries are depicted as being preys for the imperialist nation. In this image, South America is being "bitten" by United States by force, ripping it apart.

3) What views are being communicated about the Europeans/Japanese in their role as imperialists?

In this image the imperialists are being portrayed as vicious and violent when commanding their conquered nations.

4) What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//**OR**//__ costs of imperialism?

The message being conveyed is that only the Imperialist countries gained benefits. The imperialized nations only suffered and had to give everything they had to their mother nations. This shows the superiority of the Imperialist nations in this case, United States.



1) Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?

This image is anti imperialism since again the shark, representing United States, is aggressively attacking Jejudo, a Korean land. The shark is ready to devour the land and Koreans are trying to fight back.

2) What views of the native peoples are being communicated in each of the illustrations?

This image depicts how even though Koreans were trying to defend their lands from Imperialist nations such as United States, they are still being treated as a place for resources.

3) What views are being communicated about the Europeans/Japanese in their role as imperialists?

In this specific image, americans are being portrayed as predator and violent imperialists who are trying to conquer other lands for their resources which in this case would be Korea.

4) What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits __//**OR**//__ costs of imperialism?

The author is trying to convey the message that Imperialist nations were taking over lands all over the world including Korea. This of course caused benefits to the Imperialist nation by obtaining more wealth and land.

=3)=

1) Feudalism and mercantilism were two economic systems that preceded capitalism. Review and summarize (in your own words) how they generated wealth. How does capitalism DIFFER from these two systems?

Feudalism and mercantilism generated wealth by being creative, innovative and productive and also by being violent in search for land, markets, and labor. This led imperialist nations to conquer other countries to exploit their resources violently due to competition for power. This also led to a gap between the economy between nation resulting in wealth inequality. Capitalism differs from these two systems since it gains land and in economy by interfering with other global countries.

2) According to this lecturer, what forces drive capitalism?

The forces that drive capitalism are the need for economical expansion and benefits for the mother country. Resources that are found in a specific nations are exploited by the imperialist country for power. In addition, the search for land, markets, and labor is also a force that drives capitalism. Since this leads to competition, violence is present to conquer other nations by force to open their markets.

This work was well done, and shows an improved ability to understand the cartoons you chose. 20/20

February 8th 5 Tasks

Task 2:
1.**Which countries controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914?**

Britain and France were the countries which controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914.

2. **Why do you think these countries had the largest area of Africa?**

These countries had the largest area of Africa because they were the most powerful during that period. Also, as they were expanding their empire for political and economical reasons, they colonized many countries. These countries were colonized for their desire of global domination.

Task 3:
Watch the video below and continue to add to your notes. Make sure that you include the long term impacts of Colonization as well.

Task 4:

 * 1)What was the Berlin Conference?**

The Berlin Conference consisted of the major European powers of the world during the 19th century. France, Britain, Germany, Portugal, Belgium, Italy, Spain, and the United States met to discuss the division of Africa into colonial holdings.


 * 2) What were the three outcomes of the conference?**

The first outcome was that if any of the nations wanted to claim any territory, it had to be discussed with the other European powers such as Britain and France. Moreover, another outcome was that a nation should have effective and validated reason to colonize. The last outcome, was that if treaties were made with African rulers, they were to be considered a crucial factor to domination.

Task 5:
__First Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This image is anti imperialism since it conveys the idea that Africa is being colonized only because of their gold fields. The hands of the John Bull, representing Britain, are stretching over and covering most of Africa, which represents the domination over it and Britain's greed for more wealth.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

In this image, Africa is seen as purely gold fields. Instead of it being divided into its countries names, it is only labeled as gold fields which implies the meaning that other nation’s perspective of Africa were purely economic.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

In this Image, John Bull, representing Britain, shows how the roles are to expropriate other lands only in the means of economic development. Specifically in this image, Africa would be the “gold mine” and the major powers of the world during that period are reaching for it and dominating it.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

The message being conveyed is that Imperialism brings benefits only to the ruling nation and that the British were greedy for more power and wealth.. In the image only the hands of the man are covering Africa meaning that only the resources, (in this case, gold) are expropriated while the rest is not important.

__Second Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This image seems to be pro imperialism since it shows a white man in front of many black people probably symbolizing leadership, power, and control. Also, there is no major chaos in the picture, probably representing that the situation was in control.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

Africans in this image are viewed as the followers or the subjects that are dependent on the white man. In addition, the black children represent the colonized countries.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

In this image, since the white man (who probably represents the British and Americans) is leading black people, it shows a sign of leadership and power and a role to administer them.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

The author is trying to express that imperialism will especially benefit the mother lands such as Britain. The costs would be that Britain would have to lead the colonies’ path into success.

__Third Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This image is shown as anti imperialism since it depicts a snake, which represents King Leopold, taking over total dominance of the black man, who represent specifically the Congo, even though he is resisting it. The snake is wrapping the main parts of the body and taking total control and it clearly represents the Imperialist nations.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

The Africans are being portrayed as dominated and even as a prey for the snake which represent the Imperialist nations. In this case, it is a reference to how the congo was dominated by King Leopold during that period.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

In this picture, the role of the white men is being portrayed as controlling the other countries by force. Even if they try to resist it, "white man" should wrap and control it like a snake.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

The author is saying that the colonists do not get any benefit from being forced to work for the stronger nations. Even though they try to resists, it is not possible, and thus implying the meaning that the author was anti imperialism.

__Fourth Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This picture seems to be pro imperialism since it is teaching the knowledge that land expansion and the benefits of global power.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

Africans are viewed as workers who are forced to work for the Englishman and also India is being referred to as “the land in the East / Where everyone goes / To shoot tigers”.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

The role of the white men is pretty clear in this image; It is to explore the globe and colonize it to gain resources and land.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

In this picture, the author states that the benefits may be large since the colonized countries would have to obey and also resources can be found.

__Fifth Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This image seems to be anti imperialism since the classroom is divided between the black children and the white children. The white children are being educated with books while the black children have country labels which kind of connects them to objects. The children are also labeled, which represents the colonized countries.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

In this picture, Africans are being given country labels such as Cuba and maybe even being compared to objects who are able to be obtained or conquered. In addition, it shows how they did not receive the same attention as the white children and the black man cleaning the window in the back of the image, represents what they the black children will end up like.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

In this image, the white kids are being seen as well-educated and polite, and probably being prepared to be leaders. This symbolizes how the role of the British and Americans is to be powerful and become future leaders through education while the black children do not receive the same attention.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

The message that is being conveyed is that Uncle Sam, representing the United States, is taking over and looking down on its colonies which are represented by the labeled black children while the children in the back are in peace.

__Sixth Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This image seems to be anti imperialism since just like image number three, the eagle, which represent Germany, is expropriating other lands while they try to defend themselves. The title of the image, "On the swoop", indicates that the eagle is going for a hunt, thus meaning that Germany was going on a hunt for colonies, land, power, and wealth.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

In comparison to the eagle, the Africans are extremely smaller probably symbolizing how they were viewed as less important by the Imperialist nations. Also, in this case they would be considered Germany's preys.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

The role of the white man, or in this case, Germany, is to "swoop" down on colonies to gather resources such as land, and other riches.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

The author is trying to convey that the Imperialist countries were treating their colonies as preys and gather everything from them only for their own greed.

__Seventh Image__


 * Is this image pro or anti imperialism? How do you know?**

This image seems to be anti imperialism since it depicts numerous of dead black people. Lady Justice, the woman in the picture, is trying to show the white man the consequences of colonizing a country but he just ignores her and continues to look at his map maybe depicting ignorance.


 * What views of African and Asians are being communicated in each of the illustrations?**

In this picture, Africans are killed due to imperialism and They are being compared to object and resources where they die and fade away. While this is happening, the white man does not seem to care about its colonies.


 * What views are being communicated about the British/ Americans in their role as imperialists?**

The white men are being viewed as ignorants who do not actually care about what is happening in the colonies and rather pay attention in expanding land and increasing economy.


 * What is message is being conveyed by the author about the benefits //OR// costs of imperialism?**

The author is trying to convey that the white man did not actually care about the lifestyle of people in the colonies and rather cared more about their profit, thus showing their greed.

Task 1-4 are well done. You do need to work on cartoon analysis, however, as these do not appear to be well understood. 26/30

February 6th Imperialism


 * Document-Based Question:** Do Darwin’s theories apply to culture and society? Why or why not? Use the excerpts above and strong examples to support your points.

Darwin's theories fully apply and relate to culture and society especially between different nations. Two major ideas from Darwin's theories are the idea of struggle for life and of natural selection. Through the words, "the struggle will generally be more severe between species of the same genus, when they come into competition with each other", it is possible to see the similarities between the idea of struggle for life and what happens in society. In society, man kind fight against each other for lands, profit, and power and thus it becomes a competition with the rest of the world. In addition, natural selection also applies to what happens in society. The idea of "survival of the fittest" is also relevant to how people and nations have to defeat or conquer others since they are "fittest". An example of this would be Britain during the industrial revolution. Britain was the top of the world because of their technological advancements and this made them survive and grow, while other small nations were left behind. Thus Darwin's theories may be applied to culture and society since in the past, these events have already occurred.

Where is your imperialism chart?

5/10

February 6th "The White Man's Burden"


 * 1. What is “The White Man’s Burden” based on Rudyard Kipling’s description in this poem?**

The “White Man’s Burden” is basically referring to the white people’s duty to colonize other parts of the world to expand their territory and gain more pride. Also it is to expand the home nation to something bigger than it was before growing economically and politically by spreading people all around the world to do so, “Go send your sons to exile”.


 * 2. Do you agree or disagree with Kipling’s characterization? Why or why not?**

I do not agree agree because I do not believe that other nations should be treated as objects and “not as powerful”. In addition, I do not think that a nation is superior or better than the other and by only including white people in the theme of this poem, it sounds a bit bias. It would be better if Kipling emphasized more on other nations instead of only the "white man's" nations.


 * 3. What does this say about the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800 - early 1900’s? Use specific examples from the poem.**

The attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world was that they were the powerful nations while others were only, small colonies for them to conquer. In this part of the poem, “Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half devil and half child”, the rest of the world is being compared almost to objects and “sullen” people. This degrades the other nations and even emphasizes how Europeans and Americans thought they were the top of the world.

4. **Is KIS an example of “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean society? Why or why not?**

KIS is not an example of “The White Man’s Burden” since it is not really affected nor controlled by the Korean society. Maybe since the students are Korean, it may be somewhat related but I believe that KIS is more of an international school. As I lived in other countries such as Brazil, where schools were affected by the government since they were given what to teach and how to teach it. Students here are more independent and have more freedom.

Questions 1-3 are well answered, but your answer to #4 needs more development. What does the fact that KIS is "not really affected nor controlled by Korean society" have to do with the "white man's burden"? 8.5/10

February 2nd Pp. 307

1. Why would Andrew Carnegie and Friedrich Engels disagree about the effects of industrialization?

Andrew Carnegie would disagree about the effects of industrialization because they pin pointed aspects that need to be changed. Friedrich Engels, for example, complained how nobody helps the poor in the Industrial life. In addition he states that workers only work to give more money to the producer. He also says that poverty can lead to danger and attacks in the city.

2. What might be reasons for 16-year-old Mary Paul's satisfaction with her job and life in Lowell?

A reason for this satisfaction might be that before jobs for girls weren't available them until the woman's rights increased. Now, she has a chance to work in a spinning room which is a new job and a new experience for her. In addition food is provided and payments are better than before.

3. Why might the political cartoon by Walter Crane be useful in getting workers to rally to the cause of socialism?

It might be useful to get workers to rally the cause of socialism because capitalism, as represented by a vampire bat, is taking total control over the worker.

But WHY would Carnegie and Engels hold such different views? You have not really answered question #3. 7.5/10

January 31st Communism

Marx would have not agreed that countries like the USSR and North Korea were communists because equality was not achieved in the society. The government eventually got bigger and more powerful than the rest of the citizens and this is shown in cases such as the Soviet Union which is now trying to change. Nowadays, if you were to compare the communist countries with what Marx expected, it would not match and this was quite predictable since factor such as equality, are basically impossible.
 * 1. Would Marx have agreed that these countries were "communist"?**

Instead of equality, just as Marx predicted, the government got even more powerful and the "rest" of the society stayed the same. Thus, the government eventually controlled the society and even though they considered themselves communists, Marx would have stated otherwise. Gradually, the number of communist countries is gradually decreasing due to its failures shown in many previous communist countries.
 * 2. What has happened to the "communist" world (once called the "Second World", to distinguish it from the "First World" -- wealthy capitalist countries, and the "Third World" -- poor countries)?**

This happened because naturally in society some become more powerful than other. This leads to a gap between them and thus, equality is not achieved. Asking for equality where no one has even a bit more power than the other, in my opinion, is impossible. This is proven to be true by examples of societies nowadays. Also, a person's greed can lead to them to want more money and if someone is richer, someone gets poorer, unbalancing society once again.
 * 3. Why do you think this has happened?**

By the Union movement and the reform laws, it would greatly help create equality in between the rich and the poor, dividing the money and power. Even so, I still believe that total equality cannot be reached as Marx wanted it to. Societies tend to have a class who is stronger or richer than the other one.
 * 4. What do you think of the idea that the growing gap between the rich and poor in the industrialized world never materialized (see p. 270) because of the Union movement (the formation of trades unions who unite to demand better working conditions for workers) and reform laws (to improve conditions for workers, eg. safety requirements, limits on the length of the working day, minimum wages)?**

January 20th A Childhood at Work

This chapter focuses on child labor that was present during the industrial revolution. At that time, many believed that using children as workers, would be a better way to save money and time. These children were used because of their small hands and body. This was effective and enabled them to sew and to knot carpets. Even if they were young, they experienced the same health dangers than the adults. By looking at these pictures, it is very disturbing to see children working. Since nowadays, child labor is not that frequent as it was before, it is shocking to see that they were forced to work before. Thankfully, in 1930, the U.S. congress enforced the first federal legislation prohibiting the employment of children.

January 20th Industrial Revolution Question

The Industrial Revolution, and the urbanization that accompanied it, have been described as a mixed blessing. To what extent to you agree with this statement?

The Industrial Revolution is evident to have both advantages and disadvantages but in my personal opinion, I believe it had more advantages. One of the disadvantages was that with England's rapid improvements, there was no development plans, nor sanitary codes. In addition there was no help from the government nor the police to the poor people who were seeking jobs. There were no sewer systems on the streets and workers lived in dark shelters with their whole family. This lack of sanitation caused sickness, epidemics, and diseases. On the other hand, the industrial revolution gave new jobs for workers and also promoted technological progress. In addition, more products were being produced and thus the price of materials decreased. Moreover, the industrial revolution is still present nowadays which shows its success and development throughout these years. Even though there were many problems to this revolution, the advantages surpassed the disadvantages.

January 18th Invention Mind Map

December 12th Congress of Vienna Questions

4. Why did Napoleon's empire collapse? Napoleon's empire collapsed because of three major mistakes. The first one was his desire to destroy the British. This idea led him to stop all trade between Britan and the lands he controlled, and thus, the French economy started to grow weak. The second factor was since he put his brother as the Spanish King, and thus the Spanish were not satisfied. In addition, he lost 300,000 troops due the battle between Napoleon and Spain united with Britain. The last and most influential factor, was trying to conquer Russia. With that, Napoleon started with more than 400,000 troops and ended with 10,000 by the end. Later, since Napoleon was weakened other nations started to attack him and he was defeated in Germany in 1813. 5. What were the goals of the Congress of Vienna? One of the goals of the Congress of Vienna was to create peace for Europe that would last for years. Klemens von Metternich wanted to make sure that the French would not attack another country again and he wanted a balance of power in Europe. Lastly, he wanted to put kings back in power of the countries they were removed from.

November 27th

I chose that image for my quotation because the last page of the book represents the end of a revolution and even though there is a drawing on it, the page is teared since it is impossible to fully determine the outcome and consequences after a revolution ends.

Glogster for Frederick II November 16

http://www.glogster.com/afkim14/frederick-ii/g-6lu8r47q0pnsci9dkdtnka0?s=imgglog

1) What is absolutism?

Absolutism is where a monarch has total power and control over their centralized state. In recent times, the common name for this term is, dictatorship. Furthermore, a monarch who has absolute power was not subject to any laws but still had to follow God. According to Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, the absolute power is an authority that was given by God to the king. Since that meant that the King had a direct connection to God, whatever action and decision the ruler made, was to be obeyed. In addition, according to Hobbes beliefs, an absolute monarchy was the only system of government that was able to maintain order. Even though an absolute government might have been efficient before, in the modern world, it is hard to control such a big nation with only one ruler.

2) Explain the justification for absolutism referred to as the 'divine right of kings'.

Absolutism is referred to as the 'divine right of kings' because according to Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, God was the one who gave this power to a ruler. Thus, everything that was done or said by the monarch was to be right and followed by the people because these monarchs were a direct connection to God. In addition, his decisions were made as laws no matte if it was right or wrong. In conclusion, absolutism is refferd to as the 'divine right of kings' because it was believed that the monarch was God's representative on Earth.

3) List the causes of the rise of Absolutism in Europe.

Many causes in different parts of Europe started the rise of Absolutism. After the 14th century, people in Europe were ready to accept a leader who would have total power especially if he restored peace from chaos. In addition, Papal influence was slowly diminishing and thus, they needed guidance from one powerful ruler. Furthermore, trade and commerce also caused the rise of Absolutism in Europe. The self-sufficient economy caused production and generated surpluses. In conclusion, major changes in different places in Europe affected the development of Absolutism such as Spain, France, England, and Russia.

4) Explain briefly how absolutism developed in > > >
 * Spain : In spain, marriages between dynasties increased the size of the land owned greatly. After Charles V died, Philip II succeeded and introduced and used the idea of the 'divine right of kings'. As a monarch, he made every decision in his nation.
 * France : In addition, in France, absolutism emerged due to a rebellious aristocracy in the mid 17th century. Due to the internal conflicts majorly the Fronde Revolts, King Louis XIV took total control to suppress the nobles. Thus, King Louis had the power to eliminate anyone who questioned his authority. Overall, Louis was very successful as a monarch since he rose French's economy, protection, and power.
 * England : England was ruled by the Tudor dynasty from 1485 to 1603. Different from other monarchies, the Tudor monarchs worked together with the British Parliament to improve the nation's power. Later on, Charles I had many discussion with the parliament and decided to rule alone for 11 years. Due to the English Civil War in 1642, the Parliament won the war and thus Charles I lost the absolute power.
 * Russia : Absolutism was present in Russia since the 15th century. During the 18th century, Peter I created a centralized government and thus adopted absolutism. In the same century, many absolutists such as Catherine II and Charles VI were known for their total control over the nation. Charles VI also introduced the Pragmatic Sanction where all the belonging would be passed intact to one single heir. In addition Empress Maria Theresa, also had a big influence since she centralized the bureaucracy and diminished the power of the church in Russia.


 * November 9th**


 * Speed Dating: Thomas Hobbes**


 * [|Dating Video]**


 * PORT 4**

1**.** "The Bald Rat" was a nickname given to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, a Japanese peasant soldier. 2. Japan hoped to build their its empire in China to gain recognition. 3. While attacking South Korea in the way to China, his fleet lost the war against the Korean navy due to their turtle boats, taking the Japanese out of the sea. 4. They didn't try again because Hideyoshi passed away, and thus his general gained power and shut Japan's doors from the world.

-AP PARTS for [|EDICTS FOR 1635 ORDERING THE CLOSING OF JAPAN]

-AP PARTS for "Qianlong on Chinese trade with England" (Andres Kim, Vicky Jung) Block D
 * PORT 3**

There are various causes for African slavery. First, In various African societies it was a chance for social change and mobility. Another reason, is that the Europeans needed the Africans to work for them in the new land discovered in South America. They chose the Africans because most of them were immune to the European diseases, different from the indians, and also were very experienced in farming. Lastly, the Africans had no way of escaping because the new land remained unknown to them. The African slaves that were transferred to South America played part in the triangular trade system. In this system, the Europeans would first trade their goods with slaves in the west coast of Africa. Next, the slaves obtained would be transported to other places where labor was needed such as the Americas. Lastly, goods from the Americas were transported back to Europe. Furthermore, there were many consequences from the slave trade. Due to the massive exchange of Africans, Africa lost some part of their population thus, lost their most evolved people. In addition, guns were introduced into Africa which created a more dangerous environment. Since Africans moved away from Africa to the Americas, they also brought new ideas from art, music, religion, and food. Lastly, due to this immense movement, nowadays, places such as Brazil and the United States have a high number of African-Americans.

(Andres Kim, Vicky Jung)
 * PORT 2**



(Andres Kim, Vicky Jung) Block D
 * PORT 1**

Cornell Notes 137-141

Cornell Notes 92-101


 * __The Age of Exploration:Would you go?__ **

The 15th and 16th century were a time of exploration and discovery for European nations. Taking advantage of new maritime knowledge and inventions, European powers undertook sea expeditions to expand their trade and influence.


 * What possible rewards might come from exploring the seas for new lands?

By exploring the seas for new lands, it possible to gather exotic resources and also enhance the maps created at that time. We may also be the first ones to discover new areas of that map that were never thought about before. In addition, we may encounter foreign people which will help expand our knowledge of the overall world.
 * What are the risks involved in embarking on a voyage into the unknown?

By embarking on a voyage to the unknown, we may encounter a lot of dangers. For example, there may be unknown creatures that may be a danger to people. In addition, if nothing is found during the voyage, the nation who funded the voyage will lose a huge amount of time and money. Moreover, there are many fears that the voyagers would have to overcome because many people believed in the existence of sea monsters during that time. If I was a voyager myself, I would have to be friendly rather than hostile. Due to the fact that I am trespassing on other people's land, I am technically the "visitor". However, I would have to remain very aware of the dangers as they may feel threatened towards strangers and thus attack us. On the other hand, if they are open to us, we would want to exchange ideas and goods with them so we have a better knowledge of the place.
 * What will you do if you actually run into other people?


 * __Before You Leave__**

Instrument chosen: __Compass__

The compass is an instrument used to navigate according to the direction that the needle is pointing in reference to the relative location. It was invented in ancient China in 247 B.C. and is still used today. It is very useful in that one is able to find out which way to go to reach the destination. To use it, arrange the direction of the compass until the line is pointed to the the north so that if you want to navigate east, you will know where to go.

China’s Age of Exploration II (Class 13) September 22, 2011

According to the image that depicts countries with more than 1 million Muslims, some facts are that Pakistan has the highest number, 174 million to be precise, of Muslims in the whole world, followed by India with 161 million Well, these countries are close to China’s western border. Thus, many Muslims might have come from these places and settled in the western part of China. This might be a reason why there were so many Muslims such as Zheng He in China.

Zheng He was one of the greatest admirals even though he did not have any knowledge or experience in the beginning. In 7 voyages in total, he achieved to reach India, the Middle-east, and Africa. With these voyages he probably increased China’s trade drastically and also enriched the knowledge of the outside world.

The destruction of the Forbidden City was the trigger to Zhu Di’s downfall. After that tragedy, Zhu Di lost control of his empire. Thus, Arughtai, the Mongol leader, refused to pay the tribute demanded by China. In addition, rebellions started to enroll and in 1424, Zhu Di died. Furthermore, due to Zhu Di’s death, Zhu Gaozhi, his son, ascended the throne and his first command was to bring all treasure ships back and stop the expeditions. In my opinion, he was not a decent emperor because China might have grown much more if these expeditions continued. Thus, the Chinese were isolated from foreign lands during that period.

SEE, THINK, WONDER September 20, 2011

1. I see a lot of people in a structure which looks like a brain and a naked man lying down on top of a rock. I think that this depicts a unification of some sort. I wonder if this picture has anything to do with God and human interaction.

2. I see two hands which the index fingers are almost touching with each other. I think this illustrates unity as well. I wonder if this cracks in the picture are purposely drawn or are just caused the wrinkling of the paper.

China's Golden Age September 7th, 2011

By comparing the Chinese treasure ships with the Santa Maria it emphasizes the immense size of the Chinese ships. Columbus' vessel was about one-third of the leviathan ships. With this huge ship, way more men could be transported than the Santa Maria. In addition, this image depicts how the Chinese had already surpassed the Europeans during the period of the "Golden Age".

By using the maps, the Holy Roman Emperor, would have been coming from the more central part of Europe. To be more specific, northeast from Spain and France. On the other hand, The emperor of Byzantium would come from the southeastern part of Europe, south from the Holy Roman Empire. The Doge of Venice on the other hand would alsocome from the southeastern part of Europe, south from the Holy Roman Empire. The King of England would be located in northwestern part of Europe, north from France and south from Scotland. In addition, the King of France would come from south of England, in the western part of Europe. Furthermore, the Kings of Castile and Portugal would both come from the southwestern part of Europe.

The image depicting the spread of the Chinese dynasties over time reveals how the Chinese expanded their territory drastically after conquering the Mongol's lands. As shown also, the Qing dynasty in 1892, is clearly the biggest empire to be seen in China. The rapid spread of the Chinese dynasty shows their success during the Golden Age.

In map 3, it is possible to infer that the Silk Road passed through modern countries such as China, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia.

The fact that London during that time, had a really high population, emphasizes how big the new walled capital was. If the wall was "fifteen hundred times the area of wall London at that time", it would clearly extend in a very large area.

By comparing the map of the great walled capital and the map of modern China which depicts the forbidden city, it is possible to see that temples still remain the southern part of the main capital. Even though the city itself definitely changed a lot during time, both the map walled capital and the map of modern China still have similarities such as the temples located around the city.

If the Great Wall of China was 6,400 kms long if it began at the Yalu River it would reach until the places in western part of Asia such as Afghanistan and iran or even to the eastern part of Europe.

The fact that England was chosen to be the "0 degrees latitude" shows how even though China might have been more advanced than any other country but still didn't get the honor to be the country that the prime meridian goes through. China might have not be chosen due to the lack of knowledge about it at that time by other powerful nations worldwide.

The Grand Canal was built by Zhu Di, so that China could have its first that connects north and south China. In addition, the canal was the main way to trade goods. Even though it demanded a lot of labor to increase a 1,800 channel in such a short a period emphasizes how Zhu Di had many accomplishments during his period. This canal also increased the rate of progress on the Forbidden City since employees were easily transported.

Spread of Islam September 4th, 2011

The three maps illustrate the rapid spread of Islam around the Iberian Peninsula, the northern part of Africa, and most of the Middle East and how the Ummayyad Empire was clearly the biggest empire and occupied most of the areas converted in its time. In addition, in the period of the Abbasid Empire, the areas influenced by Islam decreased but still remained large.

August 25, 2011 Jason, Kate



Family History Assignment Andres Kim 8/23/11




 * Written Source:** This written source clearly states that Byung Sun Kim, my father, founded this yogurt company called "It's Berry". This is the first social contract, made in Brazil, that confirms the costs of founding the company and the legal documentation. Thus, this is a primary source since this was made at the time the company was being created and founded. It has not been modified by anyone and is original. This was the biggest economic move in the history of my family. In addition, this written source is very significant to the event itself because it is the first proof and documentation that states the rights of ownership of the company. With this in mind, the creation of this company was important to the family as a whole because it benefited the family's economy, and thus, improved the lifestyle. Although now we moved to Korea, the company is still working under supervision of my father.




 * Unwritten Source:** This is a picture of the first product made by my father's company "It's Berry" in Brazil. The logo of the company is present in the cup and this shows how the company succeeded to achieve its goal. My father researched a lot on what brazilian people liked and what type of food they enjoyed. Thus, he was able to achieve success by creating the yogurt that the population enjoyed. This is a primary source since this picture was taken at the time the first cup of yogurt was created.


 * Oral Interview:**

media type="file" key="Oral Interview.mov" width="315" height="315"

In this interview, my father is talking about why he created the yogurt company and how he came to this idea. He talks briefly about how the trend these days was selling diet yogurts in Brazil because the people were concerned with their body health. In addition, he also explains how there are many types of yogurt companies around the world. This would be a secondary source because this interview was held after the actual time studied. This is significant to the event because it shows how he began his yogurt company in Brazil and succeeded.


 * Recount:** At first, my father researched about what the brazilian population enjoyed to eat during the day as a desert, and he found out that yogurt was a common answer. Later, he bought the rights to create a yogurt company from the government and he managed to make a social contract. This was the biggest economic move in the history of my family because never before, had anyone created a company as big as this one. Finally, he managed to succeed and create the product to sell to the people just like shown in the unwritten source picture.

Andres, you don't need to put your name on work posted here because it's on your page, in your class gallery. Do continue to date and give an assignment title though. Please could you use the blue bar button on the edit toolbar to separate assignments.

See my comments below:

Andres Kim 8/19/11 Roles of a Historian

August 18, 2011

Roles of a Historian

Vocabulary
 * **heretical** : A person’s thought or idea that may go against what is generally accepted.
 * **faggot:** A bunch of sticks or twigs tied together.
 * **Eucharist:** Christian ceremony to celebrate the Last Supper of Jesus.
 * **abstain:** restraining someone from doing an action.
 * **penance:** Self-punishment for doing something that is wrong.
 * **beseeching:** implore someone to do something.
 * **source:** Origin of where something came from.


 * 1. In section 1, //Heretical Beliefs//, the historian gives his account of a historical event. What is happening to Hogsflesh? What is the historian's “story” or main point of the article?**

John Hogsflesh was being convicted for heretical beliefs. He held opinions that were against the church and thus, he had to carry a faggot, a bundle of sticks, which symbolized his conviction for heresy. In conclusion, the historian’s main point of the article is that it wasn’t acceptable to have opposing opinions against the church during that time.


 * 2. What are the roles of a historian defined by John Arnold? Do you agree or disagree with his assumptions? Can you think of any other roles?**

The basic roles of a historian defined by John Arnold is that the historian should read records, report on what discovered, and finally, announce it to the whole world. The job of a historian can also be complicated such as, reading and analyzing records that have contradictory ideas which later, the historian should interpret these contradictions to make his point. I agree with his Arnold’s assumptions even though he did not state all the other roles of a historian such as a author, who would write down the information for others to learn.


 * 3. What is meant by “treat(ing) their sources with fidelity?” Remember to put your response in your own words. Why is it important to remember this when reading historical references?**

Treating their sources with fidelity means to not create information from a source which is not given, and also, not to ignore any source information that may prove your original statement wrong. This is crucial when reading historical references because it increases the reliability of your information.


 * 4. How can a single event be interpreted in more than one way? Can you think of an event in your life that historians could interpret with differing points of view?**

A single event may be interpreted in many different ways because of the perspective of each person participating in the event. For example, when I received my report card last year with my grades, I might think that I did an excellent job but on the other hand, historians could interpret it differently by thinking it was an average job and not good enough.


 * 5. Talk to a family member or friend about something that happened to you both a long time ago. Examine how you both remember the incident and write about it. With that in mind, when attaching meaning to history, is it possible for a historian to be completely objective? Use examples from the incident you just discussed to reinforce your response.**

It is not possible for a historian to be completely objective. He may have all the facts but the different ways that information can be interpreted makes the historian not objective.


 * 1) **What problems may arise when historians practice subjective history? In what ways may subjective history be beneficial to the study of history? Think back to the incident you just discussed with your family member or friend. Why did it make sense for you to remember the event the way you did and for the other person to remember it the way he or she did? What does this tell us about history?**

Problems such as, being biased and letting yourself be influenced by your own interest, may arise when historians practice subjective history. On the other hand, it may be beneficial to the study of history because historians that practice subjective history analyze the situation from all sides, thus, can have a better understanding of history.


 * 7. Why is every historian "a storyteller?" If all historians are storytellers and there are myriad versions of every story, can we trust historians? Why or why not?**

Every historian is a “storyteller” because he tells facts that may have happened to his life, or facts that he already knew. We can trust historians until a certain extent. Their stories are based on real facts but the interpretation may be bias or somewhat influenced by other things.


 * 8. How did your view of history and historians change based on this reading? How will you approach history now that you have explored these views?**

My view of history and historians changed based on this reading because before I thought the historians were always correct because of the facts, but now I realized that history can be interpreted in many ways. I will now approach history with different interpretations, and analyze every situation to come to a point.