Catherine's+World

=May 22,2012= __Class 50__ __Venn Diagram on Vietnam & Korean wars__


 * Will hand it hard copy in class.**

=May 21, 2012= __Class 49__ __WW2 Exam__

media type="youtube" key="kLnckomwqXk" height="315" width="420"

=May 21, 2012= __Class 49__ __The Cold War Assignment__

list 5 underlying causes of the Cold War.

1) Different belief between USSR and USA. USSR believes in Communism whereas USA is based on Capitalism. USSR wanted to expand their territory with Communism but USA wanted them to stop and keep it to themself. 2) History that was between USSR and USA. In World War USSR was an enemy of America and it is obvious that they both won't trust each other. 3) Making of Atomic Bombs stimulated both of them to think that they were prepared for war. 4) Race for space increased the tension between the two enemies. 5) The time when USSR didn't agree that they would leave Germany. USSR wanted to keep control of Germany and some of Berlin.

10/10

=May 16, 2012= __Class 48__ __The Venn Diagram & Question__

will hand it hardcopy in class

__Question__

Do you think it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes? Explain your thinking.

I think that it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes. One of the many factors of World War II occurring was because of corrupt leaders making bad decisions. Even though Italy was involved with the Axis they didn't leave as many ruins like the Nazis and Japanese leaders. However, I believe that Nazi leaders should be more seriously punished for they didn't only make war crimes but also genocides. Genocide is a crime that is more severe than The Nazis committed crimes for humanity. They did horrible crimes like abusing, hitting, experimenting, raping the Jews. Even though Nazi and Japanese soldiers had the thought to do war crimes it was their Japanese leaders who decided everything. This can be proven by the incident with the emperor of Japan with the bomb attack. Even though, Japanese people believed they should never surrender, when their emperor proclaimed to stop, it's horrible, they listened to his decisions. In the end it were the leaders who made all the decisions. Therefore if the leaders were making bad decisions, the soldiers that were following their decisions were also making bad judgements. Therefore, when Allies decided to punish the Japanese and Nazi, there were too many people to punish. So, they believed it was correct that they should only punish the leaders.

10/10

=May 15, 2012= __Class 47__ __The record for Holocaust Videos__

Through watching the videos I learned how the Nazis also experimented with twins. I admire their courage to keep on living a happy life. I think it requires true courage to live a normal happy life and suppressing painful memories. I also feel that they were lucky to have each other. It must have been really comfortable to have a twin sister or brother that you can actually talk and feel in unison. I could see it clearly how the Nazis poorly treated the twins by experiments. Just the fact that people looked sick made the Nazis to kill them. Everyday they would live with fear wondering when their dying day would come. It must be a miracle for them to also have twin children and make a happy big family.
 * Twins**

When I saw this video I imagined how terrifying their life was as a Jew. I don't get why the Nazis wanted to torture the big brother just to know where his younger brother was. If they really didn't value Jews' lives, they shouldn't have cared. I don't get why they want to torture people so much. I think that there is this thought that is implanted into their minds saying that torture every Jews. Even though Jews had horrible life, their families weren't horrible. The family cared for each other and watched over each other. Almost in the ending scene the big brother talks about their reunion. He talks about how they didn't kiss even hug, this tells me that the Nazis have hurter them both physically and mentally.
 * Brothers**

Mordecai refere Jewish people as not living people but yet breathing. This clearly illustrated how lifeless and harsh their life was. When I saw the scene that "The Nazis would just push one of us for entertainment." I was shocked. I can't believe same human beings can be so brutal to other human being. They don't have the right to just kill people just for fun. I think that is so inhumane and they should be treated equally. Mordecai knew that it was soon going to be his turn. It must have taken a really huge push to make a human think like that.
 * Mordecai Eldar**

The Nazis had nasty and tiresome jobs for the Jews. I can't believe that the Jews can so calmly throw little ALIVE children outside and kill them. The Jews only had each other. However, a question lingers in my head, why didn't the Jews unite and fight back the Nazis. It was clear that the Jews were smarter and more large is size. Again this woman talks about how they waited for death to come. The scariest part was the fear that they perpetually had when thinking about death.
 * Zanne Farbstein**

When Yaakov talked about the commander walking around like a hunter shooting people. I was shock and thought that the Nazis think that this is some kind of game. The Nazis were required to sacrifice their life in order to just make one bomb. He also started a fresh new start by encountering music. It shows how many people are optimistic and I should also be optimistic about everything.
 * Yaakov Hollander**

The Nazis kept on transforming the Jews location somewhere else to be efficient in work. The Nazis are using the Jews as a machine also treating them really harshly. I am happy how she found pleasure in her life by becoming a midwife. It must take a lot of courage to forget everything of the past and start a brand new start.
 * Sophie Engelsman**

I don't get why Nazis were so pissed at the Jews. They were just living in their little comfy homes practicing religion. I could see how Eva was confused even though the war was over. I feel that the Nazis were so compelling and didn't care what other people though. When they were traveling they didn't even have basic requirements. They only have a bucket to carry their waste. The Nazis should have at least gave them water and food. Even though it would have been little the Nazis should have because it is moral.
 * Eva Brown**

//Even though we didn't experience the same event as the Jews. I could image the harshness they had to face. We should prevent anything that is similar with holocaust. I am truly amazed by how these people can suppress holocaust thoughts and have their own life.//

10/10

=May 11, 2012= __Class 46__ __The Allied Victory 2__



B Part

Bernard Montgomery: He is the general that led the Battle of El Alamein. He won over Germany was able to defeat Rommel out of North Africa. This important battle is also known as the turning point of the Allies.

Dwight Eisenhower:He led the Allies in Operation Torch and with Bernard Montgomery he led the Allies troops on D-Day. He is known as a memorial general for he did many great things to win over the Axis in World War 2.

=May 10, 2012= __Class 45__ __The Allied Victory__



10/10

=May 8, 2012= __Class 44__ __War on the Home Front__

__**Opinion on the fairness or unfairness of Japanese internment**__

I believe that USA treated Japanese people who were settling in USA really unfair. After Pearl Harbor got bombed by Japan, suspicions on Japanese living in USA as a spy suddenly emerged. I think that this incident is similar with the terrorism that happened in September 11. Since, the terrorist has been proven Sadi Arabic people thought that all Sadi Arabic were spies. After Pearl Harbor attack, the president proclaimed that they would get rid of anybody that was a threat to USA. This was mainly directed to Japanese-American. The Japanese-American that were living in US only had few days to pack their whole life together and move. Even the place they were moved to weren't an apt place to live. The way that Americans took Japanese-American and placed them all together reminds me of Hitler and how he took all Jews and sent them to horrible camps. Even though the conditions were not as harsh as the camps Hitler had, it was pretty horrible. When the war ended, Japanese people were proven to be innocent and sent back to their house. However, their homes were all destroyed from the perpetual bombings and there were also corpses lying around. I feel bad for the Japanese-American people living in that era. Just because their country bombed the Pearl Harbor, they were also viewed as the villain.


 * __1. Wartime propaganda cartoon by Walt Disney__**

What wartime images do you recognize from your study of the war? I was able to identify many Nazi signs. There were Nazi signs in their uniforms, drums, books, etc. Also, just like in a fascist country, all of the characters coming out from the cartoon show with a typical fascist country uniform. Some special people that I can recognize are Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and the Japan leader. Also, the book that Hitler wrote, Mein Kampf also arouse couple of times. Also, Donald Duck happens to do the salute (raising right hand) constantly to show his loyalty towards his leader.

What are some of the messages of this cartoon? I think that the message of this cartoon was to show how there countries' leaders constantly forcing to know everything about their life. For example, they would see what they were eating, the time to wake up, etc. We can see the public's reaction by looking at Donald Duck. Donald Duck seems to be annoyed and scared towards fascists in the cartoon. He can't eat what he wants to eat and wear what he wants to, but if he wants to he has to do it in secret. He is also very obedient to the fascists and don't rebel to them.

Why do out companies like Disney and Warner Brothers produced these cartoons during the war? The cartoon was another method of propaganda that the government thought of. Disney and Warner Brothers wanted to portray the negatives of their enemies in fun and bad way at the same time. This could only be done by cartoons where everybody can watch it enjoyably. People who just happened to watch this cartoon would grow up to think that, "Wow, Hitler is really the worst guy in the WW2. I can't stand to be the citizens under him."

__**Political Cartoon for the Home Front**__

What is in the cartoon? Explain the symbolism you see The symbols that I see are Uncle Sam on USA Salvage Program, and Christmas Packges for 1944 symbolizes the period when Germany Declared war on USA. The papers that Uncle Same is constantly putting shows how much effort USA is putting to support the Allies.There are also missiles called Adolf that the man is holding. This shows that the missile if just for Hitler (Germany).

What is the intended message of the cartoon? I think that the intended message of the cartoon was that even though USA was neutral at first it was obvious that they were leaning against the Allies. USA supplied them with weapons and that may be the reason why there are missiles in the factory. Also another message of the cartoon is that even though USA weren't involved in the war they were making tons of money because of the war. They were able to sell their weapons to other foreign countries and gaining profits.

__**Life on the Home Front in Britain Exploration**__

__Children at war__ -Evacuated to "safe places" to escape the bombings of their emends -Since most of them didn't know what was happening, they were happy the fact that they are leaving for a "holiday" -Children were sent away from their real parents and were cared by foster parents

__Rationing__ -Lack of any items (food, clothing) -Only place to shop were the stores where they would buy with their own ration book -In order to buy new clothes you were required to use coupons

__Women at war__ -Every aged women worked for their country (even grandmothers) -Had male jobs (Air Raid Wardens, Auxiliary Territorial Service, Land Army, Factories) -Women's view point changed and their value increased

__Messages of war__ -Posters were very effective -Children were used to seeing posters, and were conditioned by them -Some propagates were used to recruit men, show negative sides of their enemies, etc

10/10

=__May 8, 2012__= __Class 43__ __Japan seeks to build an Empire__

__**Notes**__ I will turn it hardcopy in class

__**What does each cartoon highlight about how Japanese expansion was viewed?**__


 * 1) 1 image: The first cartoon shows 4 groups, which are the League of Nations, Uncle Sam, Japan, and China. The cartoon show the League of Nations and Uncle Sam who symbolize America in a room. Outside, there are Japan and China fighting really hard to win the other. The League of Nations are giving the looks and the pointing to America trying to tell US to do something about the fight outside. The cartoons displays how irresponsible and useless the League of Nations is and it would beseech for help to a more powerful country, USA. The carton highlight that the League of Nations actually didn't do anything to try stop Japan's expansion.
 * 2) 2 image: The second cartoon shows how the Anglo-Saxon countries such as Great Britian, and USA symbolized by John Bull and Uncle Sam are by being carried by very thin looking asians. Therefore, by this cartoon it shows how forceful and immoral the Anglo-Saxon imperialism were. Also, the type Japanese //view of West// conveys how Japanese people view European people. The cartoon is trying to highlight how if the European people can imperialize other countries, why can't Japan imperialize.


 * 1) 3 image: The cartoon shows how powerful Japan is. Japan started to break all the rules of the League of Nations by invading Manchuria. The first symbolizes strength and is burning and crunching up the League of Nations. The cartoon highlights that Japan is now strong enough to not go with the treaty and raze up any nations that come as an obstacle.


 * 1) 4 image: The cartoon is consisted of two major parts which are Japan versing Australia. This depicts the event when Japan was invading the Southeast lands and New Guinea wan't exception. The cartoon highlights Japan as the evil group that is taking lands with force. We can know this because the person that symbolizes Japan looks mean and stubborn. Also, the background of Japan show smoke and fire.


 * __1) Why did Japan attack the United States of America? Provide evidence from the source below in your answer.__**

Japan attacked the United States of America because they thought USA was distracting Japan's invasion in other countries. Between 1931 to 1940, all the decisions that Japan was making were discordant with USA. In 1931, Japan was invade Manchuria, they were angry the fact that USA didn't help Japan. Japan's main reason to justify their attack was to delay USA fleet so Japan can quickly expand their territory.

**__Briefly summarise the key events of the attack (before, during and after)__**
Before: -USA is still neutral in the WWII -Japan tries to negotiate with USA -Japanese Navy (Isoroku Tamamoto) plan to attack USA if the negotiation fails

During: -Japan starts to attack Pearl Harbor at dawn on December 7 -Japan lost only 29 planes and 55 aircrews. They expected around half to be destroyed. -USA weren't fully equipped enough to fight Japan

After -USA: More than 2000 injuries, 21 ships damaged or destroyed -America super mad at Japan -The bombing of Pearl Harbor was the worst naval disaster in US navy history -December 8, 1941 Congress declares war on Japan

10/10

=__May 2, 2012__= __Class 42__

I finished reading the textbook work.

=__May 2, 2012__= __Class 42__ __Battle on Britain__

1)What was Operation Sea Lion? Operation Sea Lion was Germany's plan to invade Great Britain in 1940. However, the plan wasn't able to be activated because the invasion of Britain has been postponed due to the fact that Britain resisted for a long time.

2) Why did the battle not look good for Britain? Britain wasn't really updated with their weapons. Whereas Germany 1500 bomber aircraft and around 1000 fighter planes but the Royal Aircraft only had approximately 750 fighter planes

3) What advantage did Britain have? Britain had rador where they could indicate the speed, height and the distance of the incoming aircraft. Women played an essential role in reading off the ardor system. They would tell the distance, speed of the plane to the pilots and the commanders.

4) What was Germany's mistake? Germany started to bomb Great Britain, even though it didn't kill that much people, major cities were destroyed. Another mistake was that they underestimated Great Britain. Since, Hitler belittled Britain, when he saw that there was more damage to Germany than to Britain he was shocked and postponed his invasion.

5) What was the impact of the bombing of London? How did the bombing of London aid Britain's cause? Homes and factories were dabble damaged where many people were also killed by the bombing. However, the making of aircrafts did not stop, but became faster. In September 15, Germany flew over to Britain. However, Britain was able to bomb 60 German aircrews with only 15 British bombers.

6) Why was the outcome of the battle of Britain significant for the Allies? this showed to the Allies that Hitler can be stopped if you resist very hard. Before, the Allies didn't actually do anything to stop Hitler, but now they learned a new lesson.

Why the British were able to hold off the German invasion when they were militarily weaker.

The main reason how British was able to hold of the German invasion was probably the uniting of British people. The prime minister of Great Britain Mr.Churchill did a fantastic job of getting people together to act in unison. With his famous nationalists speeches and propagandas in posters, people became encouraged to work in the military. There were variety of jobs available for all kind of ages.First, the government encouraged people to enroll in becoming an Air Raid Warden. However, the people who can't apply because of their age could volunteer the Local Defence Volunteers or the Home Guard where they were required to defend the airfields, factories, and coastlines. Women also strongly participated in the war, and worked in women's voluntary service. Women played an essential role where they were to calculate and read off the radar and sent it to the pilots and the commenders. By this, the pillars and the commenders could already know the distance and the speed of the incoming enemies' plane. Also, many propagandas in newspapers generated a feeling to get involved in the war. For instance in the paper //The Eyes of Britain// by Alfred Rambottom where he talks about Observer Corps where even though they are not paid, they are doing the job because they want to play their roll in the war. Many propaganda posters were made to urge both men and women to volunteer in any role to win over Germany.

Podcast notes? 8/10

=__April 30, 2012__= __Class 41__ __Section 1 Assessment__


 * 2. Which of the listed events might be considered a turning point for the allies? Why?**

Allies strafed at Dunkirk was the major event that can be considered as a turning point for the allies.Before, nobody tried to stop Hitler and Hitler got his all of his ways. If he wanted to conquer more land, no nations stood up and put some effort to stop him. When Britain kept on resisting Hitler, and actually tried to stop him, Hitler backed off and retreated. By this event it actually showed the allies that they actually have a way in defeating Hitler. Therefore, this event can be considered as a turning point for the allies because it successfully stopped Hitler to dominated the world.


 * 8. How were Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union similar?**

The main reason why Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union is similar because it shows similar characteristics. For instance, both event happened in a freezing cold winter. This made, both Napoleon and Hitler's men to decrease tremendously. In addition, the materials that were required were very weak like food and outfits. Another characteristic is the enemy. Both enemies used the same method which was scorch-earth strategy where they would burn out all the materials, so they can't get any basic needs like food and water. However, Napoleon and Hitler did not stop and kept digging in more into their enemies, and this lead them to their downfall. If, Hitler had already found out and planned out everything by learning Napoleon's innovation of Russia in advance, Hitler might have invaded Soviet Union with success.

10/10

=__April 20, 2012__= __Class 37__ __Oral quiz on Fascism__

media type="youtube" key="ppCB7cegdjw" height="315" width="420" Again, the soundtrack and video don't match. How did that happen? 10/10

=__April 18, 2012__= __Class 36__ __Oral quiz on Great Depression__

media type="youtube" key="LL3mHWrkBLw" height="315" width="420" Weird how the soundtrack does not match the video! But content and organization is good. 10/10

=__April 16, 2012__= __Class 35__ __Stations on Great Depression__

__Station 1)__

Handing the organizer hardcopy in class.

__Station 2)__

//New York Times// Black Tuesday: The Day that was Cursed

Thesis: Black Tuesday was a tragic day that destroyed millions of American's lives so quickly.

- October 29, 1929 New York Stock exchange in Wall Street collapsed - On that day sixteen million stocks were sold and bought at the same time - People panicked and suddenly everybody was out in the streets begging for food and a shelter

//International Herald Tribune// American Working class also Influenced by the Great Depression

Thesis: The working class men are suffering badly due to the deadly Great Depression.

-Unemployed families started to buy less products and the economy trembled -During the Great Depression not only there was an increase in unemployment rate, but also drought came -People couldn’t do any action but just wait and pray for Great Depression to end

__Station 3)__

Did the notes in my computer, but Ms.Boyle said she's not going to collect the notes.


 * -) Yes, that's correct! 10/10

=__April 12, 2012__= __Class 34__ __Oral Quiz on Second Stations__

media type="youtube" key="UeC7VfCjd-Y" height="315" width="560" Well done. You have your facts correct and have organized your explanation well. 10/10

=__April 11, 2012__= __Class 33__ __Japan enters the world__

Station 1)

4. How did the Treaty of Versailles add to China's problems? The Treaty of Versailles was the hope China was looking forward in order to fix their problems however, instead of fixing it actually exacerbated China. The main reason why China got involved in WWI was they wanted to get foreign allies. Even though China's side won the war, the Treaty of Versailles engendered huge acrimonious to them. First, China had to give off huge chunk of land to Japan since that land was owned by Germany. People were outraged by Japan taking their land. Soon, people got influenced by Marxism and the Russian Revolution and built their own Communist Party.

Station 2)

By the Treaty of Versailles, Japan was able to retrieve a piece of land in China from the Germans. From this point, Japan started to act arrogant and annexed any possible countries like China and Korea.
 * Introduction**

//[Map of land in China that Japanese took] This part of the land was in property of Germans, but when Germans lost in the WWI they had to give out this land to Japan.//

In 1931, China’s land, Manchuria was attacked by Japan with their powerful weapons and high-tech machines. China was just bothered by this action, they weren’t really mad to Japan. However, when Japan went further and attacked China’s land where Chinese people lived they got furious. Not only were China mad, but also other foreign countries like USA, Britain, etc were confused and criticized Japan. Therefore, the League of Nation sent out a document to Japan to stop, but at that point Japan was very industrialized and was one of the most industrialized countries. Japan felt as if what they did was correct and moral, and as a reply sent lists of justifications to the world.
 * Japan attacks Manchuria**

Japan gave out lists of justification for Japanese actions. However, they are shown to be unreasonable, and useless. The first justification that Japanese gave out was emigration. They talked about how Whites have discriminated Asian people and is unfair with them, it was hard for Japanese people to emigrate to other countries and live a happy life. The second justification talks about advancing into world markets. Japan felt as if they were second choice of trading. However, this justification is proven wrong. Japan isolated themselves in the early 1600s to the mid-1800s, and in the next year Japan had to acquiesce and open up their markets to the United States. The third reason they gave was to expand their territory. However, Japanese people says that they didn’t conquer or annex Manchuria. Japan didn’t take over Manchuria, but they actually brought heavy machine guns, and flown airplanes over it to just “protect” Manchuria as a affable friend.
 * Justifications of Japan for annexing Manchuria**

//[Map of Manchuria] In 1931, Japan attacked Manchuria, which in that time was a property of China. This made many nations, even the Whites angry and confused.//

Before Japan fought with Russia for Manchuria, she also fought with China to take over Korea. Sadly, China lost the war with Japan and by 1910 they controlled Korea fully. Japan compelled Koreans to work for them in every-ways. They were forced to learn their language and took away farmer’s lands to distribute to Japanese settlers. Not only did they control them in their homes, but they ordered about 4,000,000 Koreans and Chinese people who lived in their territory and displaced them into places they needed them.
 * Japan attacking Korea**

//[A picture of mines and factories that Koreans and Chinese people had to work in] This is the very place that Koreans and Chinese people had to work. The conditions were horrible.//

Station 3)

Was Mao a better or worse national leader than Stalin? I believe that Mao and Stalin was both a tyrannic dictator who had to do it in their ways. However, I think that by looking at many videos Mao was more corrupt. First of all, even though he looked very clean and neat, he would have a very dirty body and foul. He was forceful to people and ordered people to carry this book that is consisted of Mao's famous quotation. They couldn't question him and if they do they were exiled to a deadly camp. Even the people near him like his supporters and families would say that he caused so much misery and hardship to China. Due to him, around 38 million people died caused of overwork and starvation. There wasn't a particular reason for the vast amount of people dying except make poisonous atomic bomb but, he didn't want his plan to stop. Nowadays people worship him as a founding person of China, and even though he caused so much pain to people everything he did was for them. There has been a book that shows the true personality of Mao. However, by using propaganda and banning the book people actually don't know his true identity. The long and harsh cultural revolution finally ended also with his 72 years in power.

Very well done, especially your "textbook". 10/10

=__April 9, 2012__= __Class 32__ __Oral Quiz on Russian Revolution__

media type="youtube" key="whAoCoDwjyo" height="315" width="420"

Thanks for fixing this. His name is "Kerensky", not "Terensky"! 9.5/10

=__April 6, 2012__= __Class 31__ __Stations tasks__

Station #1) Why Russia had a revolution in 1917?

When Nicholas II became the czar Russia wasn't in a good state. The working conditions were poor, wages were low, and there were forced child employment. People weren't happy and one brave person, Lenin got rid of Nicholas II. After Nicholas II lost control of Russia, Alexander Kerensky came into power to guide Russia. However, when the people stated the lists of changes they wanted, Alexander Kerensky couldn't. When Russian soldiers wanted to stop sighting and peasants wanted to stop food shortage, Alexander Kerensky didn't want to. He wanted Russia to keep fighting in the war. That was Vladimir Lenin came in to power. He gave the people what they wanted: food, land, and end of war. When Lenin got the power, he redistributed land to the peasants and signed the treaty with Germany that gave away huge chunks of Russia land to Germany. After, he fixed many problems in Russia, he made a group of people who could properly guide the people to a better future. He called this group the Soviet Union.

Station #2) Video: Was Stalin a bad guy or a good guy?

media type="file" key="most evil man in the world.mp3" width="240" height="20"

Station #3) Poster: Cossack-Who Are you With, Them or Us?

http://www.internationalposter.com/country-primers/soviet-posters.aspx

1. What is the message that this poster is trying to get out to the Russian people?

When I first look at this poster I can see the colors: red and white. The middle person in the end seems to be the one trying to hold them back and waiting. I cans that they are going to have a fight pretty soon. However, in the poster the Reds are much more powerful than the white. Not like the fat and short white people the Reds are muscular and big with weapons. In conclusion, the poster is trying to urge Russian citizens to fight with the Reds, not with the White. I believe that this poster was a Bolshevik's poster and it was used to get gather people together to fight.

2. Do you find this piece of propaganda to be compelling? Why or why not?

I find this piece of propaganda compelling because just by looking at the size I want to join the Reds. The reds look more powerful and it encourages me to fight with the Reds and destroy the Whites. Also with the powerful equipments that the Reds have I know that when I join the Reds I will be safe. The Whites look so small and weak that it looks as if I can just squish them and raze them. I find this propaganda poster very effective.

3. Make your own propaganda poster designed to make viewers adopt your viewpoint on one of the following issues: school uniforms; freedom of speech; hagwon.

Will hand it hardcopy in class.

=__April 4, 2012__= __Class 30__ __Question #2__

How did the Treaty of Versailles reflect the different personalities and agendas of the men in power at the end of World War I?

All of the countries had some thing that they wanted from Germany. Particulary France was very eager and was ready to destroy Germany. First, the allies required Germany to pay reparations to all nations in the allies side. Second, Germany was required to have low number of soldiers in their country. France got extremely angry, and forced Germany to reduce their number close to zero. This caused soldiers to lose their job. Therefore, the unemployment rate in Germany increased. All of the requirements of the treaty of Versaillies caused Germany to weak. All of the other nations had something they wanted. When other nations wanted to just get land and money, France wanted to completely raze Germany. Due to the harsh requirements that the allies wanted from Germany, this had caused a acrimonious ending to the world war one. This foreshadows that since the WWI ended with some bitterness, this can be the cause for WW2

=__March 7, 2012__= __Class23__ __Group project on WWI__

http://todaysmeet.com/waw

We (Stella, Sundos, Catherine) discussed together on todaysmeet on women at war.

=__February 27, 2012__= __Class 19__ __Comparison between maps__

Comparison between European Alliances WWI and The Great War 1914

The European Alliances WWI map shows the two different sides and the additional side which are nations that are neutral. With the map you can clearly identify the Allied Powers which are Russia, France, Serbia, and United Kingdom. On the other hand there are also the great Central Powers that are composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire. On the second map (The Great War 1914) displays the map of the alliance system of WWI in a cartoon. The cartoonist shows that the Allied Powers are Darwinist, Central Powers are the Clankers, but the neutral nations are still called the neutrals. However, in the cartoon map the items that symbolizes each sides are different. The Allied Powers are symbolized by strong animals like bears, or eagles. On the other hand, the Central Powers are only symbolized by machine guns, swords, only by machines. I think that the cartoonist is trying to show that the Allied Powers had more people than the Central Powers. However, the Central Powers had more advanced technology than the Allied Powers.

Comparison between The Great War 1914 and Balkan Peninsula Map.

The Great War 1914, and the Balkan Peninsula Map both shows the geography of Europe. However, in the Balkan Peninsula Map, it actually shows more about the cause of the WWI which was the rising tension of Serbia an Austria-Hungary. The Balkan Peninsula map shows how much Slavic groups accepted Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bosnia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Herzegovia

Why might Serbia have staked a claim to Bosnia and Herzegovina? First of all, Serbia's goal was to bring Slavic people together. Nationalism played a big role in their goal. Serbia wanted to extend their lands by gathering Salvic groups in one. Second, by conquering Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia can also access the Adriatic Sea.

Why might Russia have been interested in helping further that claim? Russia had a good relationship with Serbia. However, by helping further this claim, Russia can strengthen more the relationship. If Russia helps their claim, they were sure that Serbia would repay their debt. Second, Russia was mostly composed of Slavic groups. Therefore, by helping Serbia Russia could prevent many political conflicts.

Why would Germany and Austria-Hungary have resisted any move for Bosnian (used to mean Bosnia and Herzegovina) succession from Austria-Hungary? Germany and Austria-Hungary would have probably resisted any move for Bosnian to get independence because by conquering Bosnian, you can also access the Adriatic Sea. Second, if Austria-Hungary give Bosnian to Serbia, other Slavic groups may have also revolt.

10/10

=__February 15, 2012__= __Class 15__ __Nationalism Impact__

__**Do you think nationalism has had a more positive or negative impact on the world? Support your opinion with evidence.**__
 * __Positive and Negative impacts of Nationalism__**

I think that nationalism has had a more negative impact on the world. Nationalism itself has a negative meaning. Nationalism is similar with patriotism but it is marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries. By nationalism, it created many conflicts between nations and ignored the voices of the minorities. Furthermore, unneeded ethnics started to get eliminated due to the fact that they anted unity.

__**1) Using the table above, explain the characteristics of each type of Nationalistic movement in your own words**__

There are three types of nationalist movements which are unification, separation, and state-building. The first type is called the unification. It is when there is a combination of politically divided but in cultures it is alike. However, the second type, separation is where the cultures causes it to separate and combine with another. The final one is the state-building where different cultural groups form into a new state by accepting into a single culture.

__**2) What do you think would have happened to the empires (e.g. Austrian Empire, Ottoman Empire) during the rise of nationalism?**__

I think that empires like Austrian Empire, and Ottoman Empire would have probably lost most of the power, because they were just groups that were ruled by one leader. Therefore, by breaking away ti would have caused conflicts that would weaken them gradually.


 * __As we read about the unification of Italy, think about the role that nationalism plays in building a nation.__**

Italy was one of the first countries to from into a nation. Italian nationalist believed that the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia which was the most powerful Italian state should be their leader. Good alliance, acumen diplomacy were also some aspects in conquering other areas. When Cavour was uniting the northern part of Italy, he also had a clandestine plan to help the southern part of Italy to rebel. After, there were the wars and everything but at the end southern Italy acquiesced. With the victory, Rome became Italy's control, and soon became the capital of the unified nation of Italy.

__**Political cartoon**__

__1) What symbol does the cartoonist use for the soon-to-be nation of Italy?__ The cartoonist uses a black boot in order to symbolize Italy. I believe that Italy can be portrayed as a boot because Italy's land actually looks likes a boot. The boot is put on the king of Sardinia who is trying to pull the boot upwards.

__2) How is Garibaldi portrayed?__ Garibaldi is portrayed as a poor, old man. He seems to be putting on the shoes for the king of Sardinia. It shows that he is wholeheartedly trying to help the king put on the boot, or "Italy".

__3) What does the title of the cartoon say about the cartoonist's view of Italian unification?__ The cartoonist has a positive view of Italian's unification. The title shows that the right leg is in the boot "at last". It shows that they were waiting for a long time and they finally, at last was able to get the boot on the right leg.

__**Flow map**__ __I have to maps just in case you can't see the right part of the picture.__



__**Geography Skillbuilder**__ __1) What was unusual about the territory of Prussia as it existed in 1865?__ Prussia is separated into West and East. There is the Westphalia in the west and there is the West Prussia and East Prussia in the Eastern part. There are other territories between them, and I found that interesting.

__2) After 1865, what year saw the biggest expansion of Prussian territory?__ In year 1871, was the next biggest expansion of Prussian territory where Prussia conquered South German States.

__**Symbol**__



I choose a gold eagle in the middle so it symbolizes the wisdom of Germany. Beside the eagle are two items; a white rope, blue sword. The colors of those two items both symbolize peace. I chose a rope in order to tie, or get people together. Second, I used a sword to express the hardships that the people had to go through with the war and everything.

20/20

=__February 14, 2012__= __Class 14__ __Document based questions__

__**Terms & Names**__


 * Explain the importance of each of the following terms and names to India's independence from Great Britain**

1) Sepoys: Sepoys are Indian soldiers that were serving under Britain. Sepoys played an essential role in gaining freedom from Britain. They allowed Sepoy Mutiny to happen and was first to rebel against Britain in order to protect their religious ideas from Britain.

2) Sepoy Mutiny: It is a rebellion of Indian sepoys which became a turning point in Britain imperialism. However, the effect of sepoy mutiny was worse which was more direct rule of Indian from the East India company, and more gap between cultural, religion between Britain and India.

3) Congress Party: This is a group of people that emerged after the first meeting of the Indian National Congress. The people in the group found out that they were in the second status and by working together with Muslim League they were able to achieve freedom. By 1900 they became more nationalistic.

4) Mohandas K. Gandhi: He was the man who spread nationalistic ideas to the common people. He believed in nonviolent protest, and unity in India. He had 4 principles which were living simple as possible, being tolerant in religious beliefs, give services to others, and no violence.

5) Muhammad Ali Jinnah: He was a muslim who disagreed in Gandhi's ideas. He eventually demanded to have a separate country for only Muslim, and soon became the first leader of Pakistan.

__**Main Ideas**__

First factor is that Britain's military force was way better than India's. Second, India had numerous leaders in their country, so there were many civil wars. With these two factors, Britain was easily able to conquer India. Third, India was disorganized, and with Britain's organization skills. Finally, Britain brought social stability in India. They were able to bring India better government system, and laws.
 * 1) What were four factors that contributed to Britain's conquest of India?**

The main cause of the Sepoy Mutiny was Britain's action on crossing India religion's boundary. The Britain introduced thyme to new rifles that were smeared with animal grease from cows and pigs. The result of the Sepoy Mutiny wasn't a happy result. Britain took over direct rule of India from the East India and the tension between culture, religion, and political division got bigger.
 * 2) What was the cause of the Sepoy Mutiny and what was its main result?**

Two groups that are Congress Party and Muslim League worked together in order to gain freedom in India. They believed that Indians should have equal rights and Britain. Furthermore, people like Gandhi, and Jinnah worked together in order to promote Indian independence.
 * 3) Which groups and ideas promoted the Indian independence?**

Gandhi used al the major world religion to make 4 code of beliefs. First was to live as simple as possible. Second, showing eagerness in religious beliefs. Third, giving attention and time in helping others. Finally, he believed that there shouldn't be violence in any battles.
 * 4) What were the four general principles of Gandhi's philosophy?**

Jinnah was a Muslim and didn't go well with other Hindus. However, he wanted to unify Hindu and Muslim, however it constantly failed. After, they broth agreed on an agreement for constitutional reform in India. After Pakistan had become an individual country, Jinnah became the first leader of Pakistan.
 * 5) What rolled did Jinnah play in the partition of India?**

__**Documents**__

I believe that document A, B, D, F, G, H, L are pro-Indian in nature, whereas documents C, E, I, J and K are pro-Britain in nature.
 * 1) Which of the documents are pro-British in nature? Which ones are pro-Indian?**

In India, the lowest rankpeople were called the "Untouchability" However. with the Consitutition the status "Untouchability" will be abolished and will be forbidden.Before, when the people in the lowest rank had little power and freedom, with the Constitution they will not be discriminated.
 * 2) How would Indians in the lowest levels of their society benefit from India's Constitution as stated in Document H?**

British imperialism had a big lasting impact i people of Indian. First, when Britain colonized India, they introduced them to western idea, This is one of the major cause of Sepoy Mutiny. The Indians didn't like how Western ideas went against their religious beliefs. For example, when Wester people introduced them to their new rifle. They had to bite of the tip that was smeared with animal grease. This was one of the actions that they couldn't do, and didn't want their mouth in contact with cartridges. Second, Britain introduced new government systems and laws. They did not only introduce new government systems but also technologies. Therefore, there economy greatly improved. Finally, by British colonization, India divided into two countries: India and Pakistan.
 * 3) Using only the information contained in the documents, answer the following uestion: How would British colonization have a lasting impact on the people of India? Use examples from the documents to support your answer.**

__**Critical Thinking**__

The primary cause of the cultural conflict between the British and the Indians was that Britain treated Indians as the "inferior race." They didn't want to even want to have any physical contact with the Indians. Britain didn't believe that they had the same equality as the Indians.
 * 9) What were the causes of the cultural conflict between the British and the Indians?**

Some of the positive effects of British effects of British rule in technologies. India had better road systems, buildings, and power supplies by the British. British also brought government stability. For example, before Britain's imperialism, India was composed of numerous princes. Therefore, there wasn't any stability in India. However, when Britain conquered India, there was an improvement in government.
 * 10) Identify both positive and negative effects of British Rule in India.**

Ghandi suggested to the people that there shouldn't be any violence in their protest. Therefore, Britain's powerful technologies were useless in frot of India's passive protest. By using Ghandi's idea to protest, it was a new form of striking the Britain. It was unavoidable to lose in front of Britain's powerful military forces.
 * 11) How were Ghandi's four general principles effective in dealing with a much more powerful Great Britain?**

Muslims wanted a separate country for them because the group that was suppose to be working together, the Congress Party couldn't reach an agreement. There were small amounts of Muslims compared to the Hindus in the Congress Party. Even though some people like Ghandi, or Jinnah incessantly worked hard to bring two together, ironically their problems got deeper and deeper. Therefore, the Muslims wanted a separate country in today world is called Pakistan.
 * 12) For what reasons did Muslims demand a separate country?**

After Jinnah died who was the first ruler of newly broken Pakistan, military invaded into Easy Pakistan and stated its independence into Bangladesh in March 26, 1791. Sri Lanka is another nation that was created after the break up of India. After, Ceylon won its independence in 1948.
 * 13)Why did the colony of India break up into four separate nations?**

20/20

=__February 10, 2012__= __Class 13__ __Asia Imperialism__

1) Watch a student's presentation on the reactions to Imperialism by China and Japan above and take detailed notes. Use the table below. Read [|American Imperialism Overview] to complete the 3rd column.



2) Find one political cartoon for the impact of imperialism in China, one for the impact on Korea and one for American Imperialism. Include these cartoons in your notes and answers the following questions:



3) Watch the video below but stop at 10:55. Put you answers on your gallery page.

1) Feudalism and mercantilism were two economic systems that preceded capitalism. Review and summarize how they generated wealth. How does capitalism DIFFER from these two systems?

Feudalism is a social system in Europe where nobles would hold lands. Mercantilism is a belief in the benefits of trading. Wealth can be made by agriculture. Capitalism is a system that can be engendered. By capitalism economic growth and was able to increase wealth. Capitalism was able to bring forth markets and owned private lands and factories.

2) According to this lecture, what forces drive capitalism?

Capitalism can be brought by colonialism and imperialism. By capitalism there can be advantages like economic growth. Not like Feudalism, the economic system is a powerful system, with trading, development of technology.

Your definition of mercantilism is not differentiated from capitalism. For your cartoon 1 analysis, you have ignored the presence of the (non-White) imperialist Japan. Just a stylistic issue, but you have used the word "China" FIVE times in that short paragraph! For the second cartoon, don't just describe what you see, analyze! What is the meaning of the caption, for example? I cannot actually see the caption of the third cartoon, which makes it rather difficult to determine if your analysis is correct, but from what I can see, it may be anti-imperialist, critical of the "free ride" that colonies get. 17/20

=__February 9, 2012__= __Class 12__ __Tasks 1~5__

= Task 1: = Discuss table from the Reading on Imperialism with a partner.

http://todaysmeet.com/imperialism_meeting

__Task 2: Scramble for Africa__
Take a look at the map below (or online text pp 343)

1) Which countries controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914? France, Britain controlled the largest sections of Africa in 1914.

2) Why do you think these countries hadTHE largest area of Africa? France and Britain were one of the first countries that had their industrial revolution. They were faster than other nations with machines, and had earlier ideas on raw materials.

= Task 3: = //Watch the video below and continue to add to your notes. Make sure that you include the long term impacts of Colonization as well.//

(10-minute note) -A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially. -Reason: To make as much money, obtain raw resources (gold, spices, valuable gems) -Gained control of people -map out and explore uncharted land -Apartheid in Africa (notes of the video) -1986, Northern Uganda -Late 1800s Imperial European powers -African resources, Christianary missionaries -Mayan => Byzantium: Imperialists=> Africans -Britain took largest part in Africa (Uganda, [Bantu=> educated part, Acholi, Langi=> military parts]) created a tension -French, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, Germany also took parts -1962, Miltan Uganda first primary minister=> independence -1971, Israel, Britain Miltan overthrown -leaders didn't do enough to unite people, but only worked to get their gains -1970s made militias ( decade after independence) -1979, Milton Abotae came in power, Rigged deletion -NRA made=> democratic movement -1986, NRS took power -Allas Liquana=> Holy spiritual movement -October, 1987=> military success, Liquana's power diminished

= Task 4: = For more information read [|**European Imperialism in Africa (Overview)**] on ABC Clio (user id is **kis**, pw is **welcome**) and answer the questions below

1) What was the Berlin Conference? It was a conference where powerful countries; France, Great Britain, Germany, Portugal, Belgium, Italy, Spain, and the USA met in Berlin in order to divide African continent. However, there were no Africans attending the meeting.

2) What were the three outcomes of the conference? First, any sovereign power that aspired to claim any territory should discuss with other power "in order to… make good any claim of their own." Second, any annexation or adding of extra will be checked for their validity or accuracy by effective occupation. Finally, any treated with African leaders will be shown as an example to sovereignty.

= Task 5: = __**Key Skill: Analyzing Political Cartoons (ask the teacher for the handout)**__ Look through the 'Images of Imperialism' handout. For //__**each**__// of the images answer the following questions //__**using evidence from the image**__// to support your ideas.
 * //NOTE: You really need to analyze why an Artist has used certain images or words. Remember: a picture is worth a 1000 words!!!//**

Picture 1: 1. Picture 1 seems to be a anti-imperialism because the picture displays some negative aspects of the imperialists. The gigantic hands of the imperialists are dominating Africa, the gold fields. Also, the face expression of the imperialist is very stoic, and looks as if he is really cold and inhuman. 2) This picture is trying to tell the audience that Africa is full of gold fields. IT also shows that the imperialist, suddenly came to their land and without any discussions are taking their land. 3) The drawing shows that the British or the Americans are cruel, and powerful in a bad way. His huge hand is trying to take Africa by force. I also believe that the British or the Americans did nothing to listen to the Africans. Also, the shadows show their dark powers, and face shows how unreasonable, and evil the imperialists were. 4) The picture is displaying to the audience, that when the British or the Americans came to Africa, they came with powerful weapons, and was something that the Africans had a hard time denying.

Picture 2: 1) Picture 2 seems to be a pro-imperialism because the imperialist looks like a person who is an instructor guiding the little Africans forward. In Kipling's work he states that the British people were like teachers, helpers and it was their duty to bring forth the people from the dark. 2) Africans are symbolized as little children that has to be matured. The picture shows that the Africans are little, and immature to act their by their self. They needed somebody who had to control those who were wild and savaged. 3) The picture conveys that the British and and Americans are like angels and they are very benevolent and helps them. Through this picture, it portrays to others that British and the Americans were people who guided or taught the little Africans or Asians. 4) The message of this picture is that it was the imperialists' duties to pull, teach, enlighten other people that were not imperialists. Even though, Africans or Asians didn't like the idea, the imperialists didn't listen to them, because they thought Africans were little children who don't know anything.

Picture 3: 1) This image is a anti-imperialism because it shows a snake which symbolizes the imperialism that is strangling the Africans. The Africa is doing his best in order to stop the snack, but the snack is strangling it's legs, arms. 2) The picture shows that the Africa is hopelessly being mistreated. The Africans also did their best in order to stop the imperialists to come and dominate their land, but they were just too powerful and evil. 3) The snake is symbolizing the imperialists but specifically the King of Belgium. Belgium controlled The Congo for its massive Rubber supplies. In conclusion, the snake is the imperialists that are viewed evil. In general, the snake symbolize something nefarious. 4) The Africans are having a difficultly with keeping the British people out of their land. It also shows the power of the Belgium king because they are actually killing and making the Africans suffer so much. Moreover, one of the actions that took place was that the King of Belgium would cut people's hands off if they misbehave.

Picture 4: 1)This picture is a pro-imperialism because the man comes out to be superior and civilized. In the drawings, the white man appears out more confident and proud. Furthermore, the texts backs up that this picture is an example of pro-imperialism. 2) It shows that Africans and Asians are still not as developed as the Europeans or America. For example, when the Europeans are using powerful navies, the Indians are just shooting tigers. 3) The strong military of Britain is definitely one factor that made Britain able to imperialize other nations. Moreover, It shows that Britain has no limit on what they want to do in the nations that they conquered. 4) The message that is being conveyed is that imperialism is something that is acceptable and can be justified. Due to the fact that British is better than Africans or Indians, it is the duty for the British to lead them to the light.

Picture 5: 1) This picture is an example of a anti-imperialism. The imperialist who looks who are trying to instruct the Africans looks very strict, and has a long stick for punishment. The little African children looks scared to death, also the African in the corner is doing works like the slaves. 2) The little children symbolizes each nations that were conquered like Cuba. The children looks like they are scared of the imperialist and looks as if they don't know why they are learning all of this. Also, the girl in the middle is annoyed at the face that they are wearing something that isn't their normal clothing. The Africans and the Asians are compared as children because the imperialists thought that they had to be thought and nurtured. 3) The white man that is instructing the little African kids look very strict and inhumane. The white children in the back shows how ordered and meticulous they were. They kind of seem like robots who don't do anything except for what the adults tell them to do. 4) The picture is trying to convey that the imperialists were forcing the Africans or Asians to learn their Western culture. Also, the imperialists would not hesitate to punish the Africans by hitting or whipping. It also shows the significance of race by the White's are better at studying and smart. Furthermore, it shows the racism in the era. Even though, they received education, the non-white people were educated to become less powerful white the whites had their separate desks and books. In conclusion, they didn't receive equality between the whites and non-whites.

Picture 6: 1) This picture is a anti-imperialism. The vulture who symbolizes Germany imperialists are trying to "prey" the little and weak Africans. 2) In this picture the Africans are shown as a very weak creature like the ants. They live in little and feeble houses. They are being attacked by the vulture and even though they have their weapons, they are nothing to the vultures. 3) The Europeans or the Americans come out as a vulture, and is very huge compared to the little ant sized Africans. However, there is also an evil point of view to a lot of people. 4) I believe that this picture is trying to show how the Europeans or Americans are using the Africans or Asians as a way of source like food. I think that the crown symbolizes wealth, and shows that even though the imperialists are wealthy, they will get more from the Africans.

Picture 7: 1) The last picture is an anti-imperialism example. It shows people suffering, and Lady Justice next to the white man who is looking at a island that is one of the land that is being conquered. 2) The Africans or the Asians are shown at the background dying and suffering. I think that it is portraying that what the Americans or the Europeans were doing to the Africans or Asians were making them suffer horribly. 3) The imperialist is the person who is looking to a map that is one of the land that was being conquered. It shows that he is evil because even though there are many Africans dying, he doesn't care and still seeks to find more land. 4) I think that Lady Justice in the middle is in to criticize the imperialist. She is trying to tell the man that he shouldn't just look to find more land, but look aside and look at the people who he is making them to suffer.

You need to work on your analysis of political cartoons, as several of these have been misinterpreted. 25/30

=__February 7, 2012__= __Class 11__ __Darwin's theory quesitons:__ Do Darwin's theories apply to culture and society? Why or why not? Use the excerpts above and strong examples to support your points.

Darwin talks about how natural selection is being used in every life in his work "On the Origin of Species". I indeed think that culture and society are also used in Darwin's theories. There are a lot of factors of culture and society, but one example is money. If you have copious money it shows that you are "fit" in the society. There are highly more possibilities that you are going to survive in the society. Not only money, but also beauty. Opposite genders tend to look for specific traits in their mate. This is an example of sexual reproduction. The ones that are more pretty, worked out will have a higher chance and will be able to mate and produce offsprings and survive the the society. Not only does Darwin's theory apply on society, but also in traditions. However, I think that in order for Darwin's theory to connect with traditions, it has to connect with society first. Due to society, there are able to be more variety in the traditions.

__Imperialism note-taking:__ Which are reasons, and which are justifications? So, according to what you have written, you think that countries which are not wealthy, and people who are not beautiful, will, an should, go extinct, as they are not "the fittest"? Hopefully you have a better understanding of how Darwin's ideas were taken out of their scientific context to justify imperialism, and why that is in conflict with modern views of equality of human dignity, and national sovereignty. 7.5/10

=__February 2,2012__= __Class 10__ __Poem questions:__

1. What is “The White Man’s Burden” based on Rudyard Kipling’s description in this poem?

In Kipling's poem he expresses that it is the white men's job to take control of other countries in order to improve them. However, most of the countries didn't like the fact that nations like Great Britain and America was controlling them. However, Kipling is trying to convey that these nations are only controlling them to help them.

2. Do you agree or disagree with Kipling’s characterization? Why or why not?

I do not agree with Kipling's idea the fact that he is manipulating countries in order to help. I don't find it agreeable how controlling others was trying to help them. It shows clearly that their intention was only to gain more money, and seek for more consumers.

3. What does this say about the attitude of Europeans and Americans toward the rest of the world during the mid 1800 - early 1900’s? Use specific examples from the poem.

In the poem the Europeans and Americans's actions are similar to "The White Man's Burden." Europeans and Americans thought that they were helping the other countries. In the poem it talks about how the civilized countries were changing the uncivilized people into more civilized group.

4. Is KIS an example of “The White Man’s Burden” in modern Korean society? Why or why not?

KIS is one of the examples of "The White Man's Burden." Even though, KIS is in Korea, the learnings and the activities we do are similar with USA and different from normal Korean School. There are actually American teachers that are brought from USA in order to teach KIS students.

I'd like to see your answer to #4 developed. I think you're on the right track, but I can't tell without understanding your thinking better. 9/10

=__February 1,2012__=

__Class 9__ __Document based questions__

1. Why would Andrew Carnegie and Friedrich Engels disagree about the effects of industrialization? Andrew Carnegie would probably disagree about the effects of industrialization, because he made most of his profit in this time. He had a very positive view about America's manufactures. Furthermore, Friedrich Engels was a person who managed a factory in England. He had a very critical view point about industrialization. He believed that because of industrialization people were dying, and even though they had horrible working conditions, they were paid with little wages.

2. What might be reason for 16year-old Mary Paul's satisfaction with her job and life in Lowell? In surprise, by the except of Mary Paul I can figure out that she gained fairly high wages. The fact that her family was poor, she must have had a poor life before. However, when Mary Paul was working in a poor conditioned spinning room, she was enjoying the treatment she was getting. There were enough food for her to eat, and all of her friends were friendly to her. There were also laws passed that pardoned both women and children. She was actually enjoying her time in the factory, and strongly encouraged other girls to come in.

3. Why might the political cartoon by Wlater Crane be useful in getting workers to rally to the cause of socialism? The political carrion shows how cruel the capitalism vampire bat is to the labors that are working. However, above the cartoon shows an angel that is marked socialism. With this cartoon it can persuade many workers to go for socialism and rebel against capitalism.

Not quite sure what you mean by laws passed to "pardon" women and children? Were they criminals? In your answer to #2, have you considered what you know about how bad conditions were in textile mills? Who was Mary Paul writing TO? Might she have wanted to make things sound better than they actually were? 9/10

Where are your Cornell Notes for pp 304-306, 308? 0/10

=__January 30, 2012__=

__Class 8__ __4 questions__

Would Marx have agree that these countries were "communist"? When Marx thought about communism, he thought about a place where there were social perfection that served everybody equal, like a Utopia. However, the recent communist countries do not have social perfection in their society. There is a large gap between the poor and the rich, and lack of equality. The recent modern society doesn't exactly have to same principles as "communist" that Marx had in mind.

What has happened to the "communist" world (once called the "Second world", to distinguish it from the "First World"-- wealthy capitalist countries, and the "Third World"-- poor countries)?

By the distinguish of the worlds, I can infer that communist was a society that was between capitalist countries and poor countries. However, the "Second world" has dramatically decreased in their size. For example, China is changing into more like a country that is not communist. However, we can know that communism is something that we would not like, for instance North Korea. We already have an impression that communism is bad, unequal, and not fair by reputations. There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor in the First, and the Third world.

Why do you think this has happened? I believe that this had happened because of the thought of many people wanting social perfection. Many people like communist, wanted social perfection. However, when they actually got into practices, they did or not find the practice bad.

What do you think of the idea that the growing gap between the rich and poor in the industrialized world never materialized (see p. 270) because of the Union movement (the formation of trades unions who unite to demand better working conditions for workers) and reform laws (to improve conditions for workers, eg. safety requirements, limits on the length of the working day, minimum wages)?

I believe the gap between the rich and the poor will not stay the same. Due to the fact that the rich people will try to gain the same amount of money, and the fact that poor people will try to gain as much money as possible, there will be an equal gap between the poor and the rich. However, the Union movement and the reform laws did actually provide some improvements to the gap,, it didn't help that much. Even though, people came up with different structures of the society about Utopia like Marx, it was a failure if they actually practiced it. I would have liked it more if there was a decrease in the gap, but according to Marx, there must be a gap between the rich and the poor in order to get the society running.

=__January 24, 2012__=

__Class 7__

When I read the text, I could clearly see the hardships that the children had to face in the Industrial Revolution. Even though, they were treated equally as the adults, they were paid fewer. Due to the fact that children had smaller body, and more skilled hands to work, many of the textile factories started to use children in their work. In the pictures displayed in the file, there were pictures like children lining up in the same area as adults. I was shocked with the part where children had to start working when they were in the age 5. Personally, my brother is 10 years old, and I believe he is too small and immature to be working.I was glad that there was a federal law made about children's employment.

=__January 19, 2012__= __Class 6__


 * The Industrial Revolution, and the urbanization that accompanied it, have been described as a mixed blessing. To what extent to you agree with this statement?**

I strongly believe that "mixed blessing" is the right word to describe the Industrial Revolution with urbanization. Mixed blessing means a situation that has both disadvantages and advantages. However, I believe that there are more advantages than disadvantages. The Industrial Revolution was not a violent revolution unlike others. It was actually the period that was able to increase both health and wealth of most countries. Furthermore, it was the period that every country had to go through in order to be in the top. Some advantages of the Industrial Revolution was it was able to increase their products like cloth. Second, suddenly the middle class started to appear that was made out of the workers, and factory people. Third, a lot of the factories used children and women to do many of the difficult jobs. Most of their days started very early, and ended very late. On the other hand, due to the inventions of machines, many of the people started to lose their job. In conclusion, I believe that the revolution had a very strong impact on the world and influenced the world even today. The urbanization is the process in which people who lived in country sides started to move to the city areas. I personally believe that urbanization was good; people started to get jobs, and the country's economy started to increase. However, some negative effect of urbanization was the economy. Due to factories, and burning of coals started the air pollution. Also, the city might have had bad water, houses were built really quickly without any care. I think that urbanization was something that was needed for Industrial Revolution to happen, and wouldn't have happened if urbanization didn't start.

= = =__January 18, 2012__= __Class 5__

Mind map: impact of comptures

=__Novermber 14, 2011__=

Napoleon's powerful empire collapsed due to some wrong decisions Napoleon made. Napoleon had large goals, and did whatever he could even though it was impossible. Napoleon tried to expand his lands by conquering other nations. First, he did this by blocking all of the trading connections with Britain. However, since Britain was a very powerful country, by attacking Britain, it actually hurtted France's economy. Napoleon also tried to make his brother, the king of Spain. By this action, many Spanish people became outraged and protested strongly. Furthure more, this caused a war that resulted Napoleon to lose 300,000 troops.The final step that led to his collapse was his goal to conquer Russia. Napoleon tried to defeat Russia in a very foolish way, and didn't think through. This was the problem why Napoleon lost tragically in Germany, 1813.
 * Why did Napoleon's empire collapse?**

There were three main goals of the Congress of Vienna. First, Kelemens von Metternich, wanted to assure that France would not invade any more countries again. Second, he wanted to equal the power among Europe countries. Finally, the third goal of the Congress of Vienna was to bring back the king in countries that didn't have.
 * 5. What were the goals of the Congress of Vienna?**

= = =__November 26, 2011__=

Explanation of why I chose the symbol

I chose an image of silk gloves that represent the quotation, " You cannot make a revolution with silk gloves." by Joseph Stalin because it is the main subject of the quote, also it displays how soft and delicate silk gloves and how they can not be used for a rumble for instance a revolution.

=__November 16, 2011__=

Frederick the Great Glogster

http://cathy130.edu.glogster.com/iwantyoutovoteforfrederickthegreat/ ate

=__November 13, 2011__=


 * Speed Dating Assignment: Mary Wollstonecraft**

__[|Mary Wollstonecraft]__

=__Class 35: November 10, 2011__=

The theory that states monarchs have absolute power, they will have the power, and authority to do whatever they want. They will have unlimited power and no laws will go against their actions except God.
 * 1) What is absolutism?**

Simply it was known that absolutism which was originated from the bible referred to divine rights of kings. The word divine rights of kings can be defined as having all the rights of God, they were sort of like a demigod. In France, Bishop Jacques-Bengine Bossuet stated that absolutism is refered to have an authority to monarchs directly by God. People believed that monarchs were the voices of God and had the rights to not follow laws. In conclusion, it has been known to the people that absolutism, possessing absolute power was the divide rights of kings.
 * 2) Explain the justification for absolutism referred to as the 'divine right of kings'.**

In 15th-century, absolutism arose in Europe because of many factors. What I mean by arose, people were expecting absolutism, absolute power in their life. One of the factors of absolutism was to restore back orders after chaos. Second factor was people believed that monarchs were Gods, whoever that went against the monarch meant that they were going against the God. The system bureaucracy was able to increase the kings' powers, they were able to collect taxes, enforcing laws, and gather informations.
 * 3) List the causes of the rise of Absolutism in Europe.**

• Spain: In Spain, absolutism developed by some marriages that were increasing of the Habsburg royal family. Therefore, the Holy Roman emperor Charles V ruled in the 16th century. After, his son, Philip II succeeded his father by supervising his people with very meticulous eyes. • France: In France, absolutism developed by a rebellious aristocracy and caused King Louis XIV to take control in 1661. When he took control, he believed that he was the God's representative. He crushed other people's powers in order to increase his power. • England: In England, they had a very kind monarch. The Tudor monarchs used their powers to support the people with the help of British Parliamentary. • Russia: In Russia, absolutism has existed since the reign of Ivan III in the 15th century. Most of the monarchs spread their lands more and more. He did not only expand lands but also decreased the power of the church.
 * 4) Explain briefly how absolutism developed in**

= = =__October 28,2011__=

(APPARTS)
 * Edict of 1635 ordering the closing of Japan **

Author: Tokugawa Ieyasu wrote these edicts to isolate themselves from the rest of the world. He wanted absolute power after Hideyoshi died and didn't respect Hideyori as his leader.

Place and Time: The edict was issued in 1635 to the officials to mange the port of Nagasaki. This source was written during the time when Japan wanted to restrict all foreign connections about trades.

Prior Knowledge: Japan were considered as one of the powerful countries. However, when their visions started to narrow down, they shut themselves out from the rest of the world. This meant no more foreign trades outside of their country.

Audience: This source were written for the Japanese people that were living in this period. In the edicts it specifically states some Japanese things that had been prohibited.Therefore, it is clearly seen that this edict was only for the Japanese people.

Reasons: This has been written to enable all connections with the world. Japanese people started to have some restrictions like ships couldn't leave Japan. Also, people were enabled to travel to other regions.

The Main Idea: The source is trying to show how serious Japan was with trading other countries. However, the edict is also telling us that it wasn't just the trading, but also the spread of Christianity.

Significance: This source is significant because it shows how much Tokugawa Ieyasu worried about. However, it is also trying to point out that Japan is now going through their dark ages. Their visions that were open, are going to become narrower, and only thinking about them.

Swanson, Kelly. "Edo Period." //japan-guide//. N.p., 18/10/2002. Web. 27 Oct 2011. .


 * Video Questions**

1)Who was "the Bald Rat"? The Bland Rat is a nickname for one of Japan's leader Toyotomi Hideyoshi who was a peasant soldier. He is known as a person who restored peace after continuous civil wars. He indeed had big visions for the world, and believed he could conquer China easily.

2) Where did Japan hope to build its empire? Japan hoped to build its empire in China, in its 400 provinces.

3) What stopped it from veiling its empire as planned? When Japan was trying to conquer China, they thought that Korea could act as a bridge. However, Korea defeated Japan, and they had to forcefully retreat back to Japan.

4) Why didn't they try again? Toyotomi Hideoyshi's heart broke due to the fact that they couldn't conquer China. However, his obsession for his only son Hideyori made it hard to try it again. However, after Hideoyshi died, the generals came back. They refused the fact that a little boy called Hideyori was their leader. Therefore, the generals made the concubine and Hideoyori to commit suicide. This caused the generals to fight for power, and Japan's doors shut.

(APPARTS)
 * Qianlong on Chinese Trade with England **

Author: Emperor Qianlong wrote this letter. He was the Chinese Emperor and ruled a period of time called the Qing Dynasty.

Place and Time: This source has been created in 1793 during Qing Dynasty in China.

Prior knowledge: When the Europeans knocked on the doors of China, China disapproved trade relationships with Europeans. When China refused Europeans requests for trade, they got mad. Therefore, Europeans came back with weapons and fired it to China.

Audience: This source was specifically written by Qianlong to King George III

Reasons: The reason for sending a letter to King George III was to respond for his requests. China is saying that they will only allow Guangzhou to trade. It also tells the king that there is nothing that China wants from Europe. The only reason why they are trading was because Europe was so desperate in needs for tea, silk, spices, etc.

The Main Idea: The main idea of this source is to show King George III of England his refutal to the king's request.

Significance: This source is significant because it shows how big China thought they were compared to Europe. China belittles Europe and Qianlong shows that by saying that there is nothing that China wants from Europe. Li, Fumin. "Qianlong." //chinaculture//. N.p., 2003. Web. 27 Oct 2011. .

=

= =__Sep 21, 2011__=

See, Think, Wonder
See: I see an old painting that seems to be very significant. I see a naked man stretching his hand trying to touch the old man's finger. I see that the old man is surrounded by other people with peace, but the naked man is just lying on a ground hopeless. In the second picture, I see the close up of the two fingers. I see that the naked man's finger looks very weak, on the other hand, the old man's finger looks strong.

Think: I think that the painting is very old because there seems to be cracks on the painting. I think that the naked man is injured because he is lying down. I think that the naked man is a human, but the old man is a god. I think that the second picture shows the most dynamic part of the painting. The fingers slightly apart shows that they are still not connected.

Wonder: I wonder what the men's specific names are. I wonder who are the people that are surrounding the old man. I wonder why the naked man is lying on the ground, looking as if he's sick reaching his hand outward to touch the old man's finger. I wonder why the naked man is fully naked. I wonder why this painting was drawn and what kind of feelings the artist had when he or she drew this picture.

=__Class 13: September 9th, 2011__=

China's Age of Exploration II

The picture shows that China also had Muslims living in their country during the Golden Age. However, it wasn't that surprising for me because China traded with a lot of other countries. Therefore, there are some possibilities that they shared knowledge during their trade. Also, I believe that Zhu Di thought that Muslims were very smart and intelligent. Therefore, it was one of the regions where China should stay in contact with in order to rise forever.
 * Countries with more than 1 million Muslims**

The picture shows the voyages of Zheng He. The picture also shows how the voyage was a remarkable success. For example, they were able to discover new unknown lands, and further found their knowledge.
 * Voyages of Zheng He**

=__Class 10-12: September 2nd,-September, 8th 2011__=

China’s Golden Age

The picture of two ships show the size of the a Chinese ship compared to a Europe ship. By looking at the picture I know that the Chinese ship is 4 times bigger than the Europe ship. The Chinese ship was about 480 ft long and 180 ft. however, Santa Maria was about 150 ft long and 20ft wide. The Chinese would probably went faster than the European ships because it had bigger sails and more oars. It shows how China had higher technology than the European.
 * Two ships**

The picture that shows that the Holy Roman Emperor were actually consisted of many little states like Duchy of Milan, Crown of Bohemia and more. It was on the northern part of the Mediterranean Sea. The kings of England would come from the Kingdom of England. The kings of France will come from Kingdom of France next to the Holy Roman Emperor. The Doge of Venice will come from next to kingdom of Hungary. One similarities that all of these kingdoms had was that they were all European kingdoms.These kingdoms were not invited by the Chinese Emperor because in his view, he saw European kingdom as immature.
 * Europe in 1400**

Even though Ming didn’t have huge territories like Yuan Dynasty, and Qing Dynasty. It is known as the Golden Age of China. The emperor Zhu Di had many visions like building one of the most beautiful architecture the Forbidden City. Interpreting the map (August 30 2011)
 * China's Dynasties**

By looking at the map, I can interpret that the silk road was very long and stopped in many places in order to trade. With Zhu Di's vision expanding to trading, China was able to trade with Xi'an, Uzbekistan, Turkey, Iran. Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Kazakhstan.
 * The Silk Routes**

The map shows the population of European urban populations of 1400 and 1600. Zhu Di wanted Forbidden City to be really big. He picked a scale that it would be fifteen hundred times the area of the city London with is a lot. There was about 200,000 people living in London by 1400. If you multiply the number by fifteen hundred is the size of the Forbidden city.
 * European urban populations 1400 and 1600**

The first map consists of other cities that surround the Forbidden City like Inner City and Outer City. However, in the modern map there are other buildings next to the Forbidden City (Palace Museum) like the Department Store. Also, in the first map Forbidden City is located at the center of the map, but in the modern map it is actually placed on the side looking as if it's not important. The modern map shows that the Forbidden City doesn't look as important as it used to be.
 * Forbidden City**

If the Great Wall was 6,400 long it would have reached a little above Dasht-e Kavir. The picture shows that Even in the Ming Dynasty the Great Wall of China was not completed. It looks as if it was cut and scattered.
 * The Great Wall**

The picture shows that Greenwich was "0" degree not Beijing. Zhu Di wanted Beijing to be the center of the whole world.
 * The Prime Meridian**

The Grand Canal made it possible for North China to trade grains with South China. The Forbidden City was completed with a lot of accomplishments like libraries and atlas. The picture shows the connection of the grand canal. Beijing traded grains with Hangzhou and that made it possible to feed the workers.
 * The Grand Canal**

By looking at the first map I can refer that the Muslim thinking also effected Spain with their knowledge. However, as the time passed by and the Renaissance began the Islam started to fade off from the European territory.

Catherine, please give files meaningful titles. You are in high school now!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlkN1Qf8Tys

Tihis is the link for my oral interview with my mom. The interview is about the feelings that my mom felt when she was giving birth to me.


 * Catherine, please use the blue bar button on the edit toolbar to create a line between assignments. Date your work. Please also write all your answers in complete sentences/paragraphs unless instructed otherwise.**

APPARTS of The Black Death

Author: Boccaccio Giovanni Italian Poet Lived through the plague in the city of Florence Born in Tuscany, as a son of a merchant In 1358 he completed his work, the Decameron ( took about 10 years). Influenced the Renaissance period.

Boccaccio, Giovanni, The Decameron vol. I (translated by Richard Aldington illustrated by Jean de Bosschere) (1930); Gottfried, Robert, The Black Death (1983).

Place and Time: Italy in the spring of 1348.

Prior Knowledge: The Black Death caused many death. Very easy to spread the disease 2/3 of the European population was diagnosed **This is an estimate** Originated from Mongol **Not fact** Spread by mice **No, by fleas**

Audience: By looking at the tone I can interpret that this work was written for the general public. **The tone is very direct, and formal. It's not the tone that tells us who the audience is. This was written as the introduction to a work of fiction. So who would read it, and why did he include it?**

Reason: I believe that this work was written during this period to show to the people who are not in that period how hard it was living during the Black Death. In the article there were deep descriptions and harsh words to back up the source.

The Main Idea: The main ideas include the symptoms, the disasters that you can get, the events that you can get in social levels because of the disease, tons of dead bodies everywhere.

Significance: This source is important, because by this source we can know how hard it was in that period. Also, this source describes the hardness and the process that people had to have if they were diagnosed with the disease.


 * You will want to work on improving the precision of your written English to communicate ideas better. This is acceptable, though there is still much room for improvement.**